大学英语六级分类模拟题367Word格式.docx

大学英语六级分类模拟题367Word格式.docx

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characterizedasoverweightintheUnitedStateshasjumpedtoanastonishingone-thirdofthe

population.Overweightinthiscasemeansbeingabout20percentormoreaboveapersonsdesirable

weight.Sincethefiguresfordesirableweighthavemovedupwardoverthelastdecadeorso,

totalpoundage—evenat20percentover—maybeconsiderable.

Soaretheattendanthealthrisks.Excessweighthasbeenlinkedtocardiovasculardisease,

hypertension,adult-onsetdiabetesandsomeformsofcancer,amongotherdiseases.

Once,whenworkandschoolandthegrocerystorewereatwo-milehikeaway,Americanscouldafford

thecaloriestheyconsume.Butnotnow,notwhenmillionsspendfourorfivehoursadayinfront

ofaTVset—alongwithabagofchips,abowlofbutteredpopcornandasix-pack—andtheres

acarortwoineverydriveway.

Thereisnocommitmenttoobesityasapublichealthproblem,saidDr.WilliamDietz,director

ofclinicalnutritionattheNewEnglandMedicalCentreinBoston.Weveignoredit,andblamed

itongluttonyandsloth.

Ifonedefinitionofapublichealthproblemisitscosttothenation,thenobesityqualifies.

AccordingtoastudydonebyDr.GrahamA.Colditz,whoteachesatHarvardMedicalSchool,it

costAmericaanestimated$68.8billionin1990.Butwhatswrongblamingitongluttonyandsloth?

True,someunfortunateoverweightpeoplehaveanunderlyingphysicalorgeneticproblem.Butfor

mostAmericans,theproblemiswithtwoofthesevendeadlysins.

Losingweightisadesperatelydifficultbusiness.Preventinggain,however,isnot.Consumer

informationiseverywhereandtherecanbefewadultswhotrulybelievethathotdogs,fries,

asodaandacoupleofTwinkiesmakeagoodlunch.Buttheyeatthemanyway.

AsmoreandmoreAmericansbecameeducatedtotherisksofsmoking,moreandmoreAmericansgave

upthehabit.NowitappearsthatAmericansneedanintensiveeducationintherisksofstuffing

themselvesandfailingtoexerciseaswell.

Giventheseductivenessofchocolateandcheese,thecouchandthecar,thathabitwillbehard

tobreak.Butifanounceofpreventioncanobviateapoundoffat,itiswellworththestruggle.（分数：

20.00）

（1）.Theauthorsettingupthestandardofoverweightpeoplebasedonthefactthat______.（分数：

4.00）

A.thenumberofoverweightpeoplehasastonishinglyincreased

B.peoplehaveadifferentideaabouttheirdesirableweightnow√

C.overweightbecomesathreattopeopleshealth

D.theoverweightproblemhaslongbeenstudied

解析：

[解析]细节题。

根据第二段Overweightinthiscasemeansbeingabout20percentormoreabove

apersonsdesirableweight.Sincethefiguresfordesirableweighthavemovedupwardoverthe

lastdecadeorso,totalpoundage—evenat20percentover—maybeconsiderable.可知超重的定义是指体重超过理想体重的20%及以上，但是对于理想体重的定义也随着时代的前进提高了，所以现在人选项表达一致。

B们对于理想体重的标准改变了，和

（2）.BysayingSoaretheattendanthealthrisksinParagraph3,theauthormeans______.（分数：

A.Americasuffershealthrisksaswellastheoverweightproblem

B.healthrisksresultedfromoverweightareserioustoo√

C.overweightisclassifiedasoneofthehealthproblems

D.peoplehavealsopaidmuchattentiontothepossiblehealthrisks

[解析]推断题。

若想理解Soaretheattendanthealthrisks.必须和下文联系起来，Excessweight

hasbeenlinkedtocardiovasculardisease,hypertension,adult-onsetdiabetesandsomeformsof

cancer,amongotherdiseases.超重带来一系列的疾病：

心血管病、高血压、成年发作的糖尿病和一些癌症，以及其他的疾病。

Attendant作为形容词有“伴随的，随之而来的”意思，所以第三段首句意思是“随之（超重）而来的是对健康造成的危害”。

（3）.WhatdoesWilliamDietzthinkofoverweight?

（分数：

A.Overweightshouldbetreatedasapublichealthproblem.√

B.Overweightshouldbeattributedtogluttonyandsloth.

C.Overweighthasmuchtodowithnutritionalproblems.

D.Overweighthasnothingtodowiththeoveruseofcars.

根据WilliamDietz定位至原文第五段Thereisnocommitmenttoobesityasa

publichealthproblem...Weveignoredit,andblameditongluttonyandsloth.威廉·

狄亚茨认为人们没有把肥胖症当成公共健康问题，肥胖症长期受到忽视，只是被归咎于暴饮暴食和懒惰。

所以威廉·

狄亚茨的观点是肥胖应该被当作公共健康问题。

通读选项，A选项与该句子的内容一致。

（4）.MostAmericansbelievethat______.（分数：

A.theoverweightproblemhascostthenationmuch

B.obesityisrelatedtoonesphysicalconditions

C.peoplewhoareoverweightareunfortunate

D.gluttonyandslotharetwodeadlysins√

根据原文第六段中formostAmericans,theproblemiswithtwooftheseven

deadlysins.可知对于大多数美国人而言，问题在于七宗罪中的两宗。

而解答该题的关键就在于找到两宗罪。

联系前文gluttonyandsloth在第五、六段均出现，这两宗罪即为暴饮暴食和懒惰。

（5）.Inordertosolvetheoverweightproblem,theauthorsuggeststhateveryoneneedto______.（分数：

A.betaughttopreventgainingweight√

B.beeducatedtoloseweighteffectively

C.seekhelpfromconsumerinformation

D.knowwhatmakesahealthydinner

根据第七段Losingweightisadesperatelydifficultbusiness.Preventing

gain,however,isnot.可知减肥很困难，但是防止增重并不难。

和答案A的preventgainingweight相对应。

根据第八段NowitappearsthatAmericansneedanintensiveeducationintherisksof

stuffingthemselvesandfailingtoexerciseaswell.进一步可知美国人现在需要的教育，提高对肥胖危害的意识，education和答案A的taught相对应，综合七、八段可知答案应该是A。

Maybeunemploymentisnsobadafterall.Anewstudysaysthat,incomenotwithstanding,having

ademanding,unstableandthanklessjobmaymakeyouevenunhappierthannothavingajobatall.

Giventhatapaidpositiongivesworkerspurposeandastructuredrole,researchershadlong

thoughtthathavinganyjobwouldmakeapersonhappierthanbeingunemployed.Thatturnsout

tobetrueifyoumoveintoahigh-qualityjob—buttakingabadjobisdetrimentaltomental

health.

AustralianNationalUniversityresearcherslookedathowvariouspsychosocialworkattributes

affectwell-being.Theyfoundthatpoor-qualityjobs—thosewithhighdemands,lowcontrolover

decisionmaking,highjobinsecurityandaneffort-rewardimbalance—hadmoreadverseeffects

onmentalhealththanjoblessness.

Theresearchersanalyzedsevenyearsofdatafrommorethan7,000respondentsofanAustralian

laboursurveyfortheirOccupationalandEnvironmentalMedicinestudyinwhichtheywrote:

Ashypothesized,wefoundthatthoserespondentswhowereunemployedhadsignificantlypoorer

mentalhealththanthosewhowereemployed.However,thementalhealthofthosewhowereunemployed

wascomparableormoreoftensuperiortothoseinjobsofthepoorestpsychosocialquality.The

currentresultsthereforesuggestthatemploymentstrategiesseekingtopromotepositiveoutcomes

forunemployedindividualsneedtoalsotakeaccountofjobdesignandworkplacepolicy.

Movingfromunemploymenttoajobwithhighpsychosocialqualitywasassociatedwithimprovements

inmentalhealth,theauthorsaid.Meanwhile,thementalhealthofpeopleintheleast-satisfying

jobsdeclinedthemostovertime—andtheworsethejob,themoreitaffectedworkerswell-being.

UnemployedpeopleintheAustralianstudyhadamental-healthscore（basedonthefive-itemMental

HealthInventory,whichmeasuresdepression,anxietyandpositivewell-beinginthepreviousmonth）

of68.5.Employedpeoplehadanaveragescoreof75.1.Theresearchersfoundthatmovingfrom

unemploymenttoagoodjobraisedworkersscoresby3.3points,buttakingabadjobledtoa

5.6-pointdropbelowaverage.Thatwasworsethanremainingunemployed,whichledtodeclineof

aboutonepoint.

Thesefindingsunderscoretheimportanceofemploymenttoapersonswell-being.Ratherthan

seekinganynewjob,thestudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoareunemployedorstuckdoinglousywork

shouldseeknewpositionsthatoffermoresecurity,autonomyandareasonableworkload.Butthats

aloteasiersaidthandone.

Perhapsemployerscouldbepersuadedtobemoremindfulofthementalhealthoftheir

workers—happieremployeesareabenefittotheiremployers.Theerosionofworkconditions,

theresearchersnoted,mayincurahealthcost,whichoverthelongertermwillbeboth

捥湯浯捩污祬愠摮猠捯慩汬?

潣湵整灲潲畤瑣癩?

（1）.Thetraditionalthoughtthathavinganyjobisbetterthanbeingunemployedistruewhen______.（分数：

A.theelementofsalaryisconsidered

B.peoplehaveasenseofaccomplishment

C.peopletakeahigh-qualityjob√

D.peopledonothavetoworkovertime

根据第二段researchershadlongthoughtthathavinganyjobwouldmakea

personhappierthanbeingunemployed.Thatturnsouttobetrueifyoumoveintoahigh-quality

job...可知研究人员一直以为有任何一份工作都比失业让人觉得快乐，如果从事的是高质量的工作，那么这种想法就是正确的，和C选项表达一致。

（2）.Theworddetrimental（Line4,Para.2）maybereplacedby______.（分数：

A.favourable

B.harmful√

C.necessary

D.important

[解析]语义题。

联系前文Thatturnsouttobetrueifyoumoveintoahigh-qualityjob—but

takingabadjobisdetrimentaltomentalhealth.从事高质量的工作比失业的幸福感强，那么做一份不好的工作会对精神健康不利。

detrimental作为形容词表示“不利的，有害的”，近义词为harmful。

（3）.Whichofthefollowingsisnotacharacteristicofpoor-qualityjobs?

A.Highsenseofachievement.√

B.Highdemands.

C.Lowcontroloverdecisionmaking.

D.Highjobinsecurity.

根据第三段Theyfoundthatpoor-qualityjobs—thosewithhighdemands,low

可知破折号后controloverdecisionmaking,highjobinsecurityandaneffort-rewardimbalance

是对低质量工作的解释，这种工作的特点是要求严格、决策权力小、强烈的不安全感和付出与回报失衡。

通读选项，A选项内容“很强的成就感”并未提及，所以答案选A。

（4）.WhatdoesthestudycarriedoutbyresearchersfromAustralianNationalUniversitysuggest?

A.Theemploymentstrategiesarepoorlydesigned.

B.Thementalhealt