考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx

考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx

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考研英语二真题及答案解析

2014考研英语二真题及答案解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.（10points）

Thinnerisn'talwaysbetterAnumberofstudieshave__1thatnormal—weightpeople

areinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually2.Forexample，

heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen・3among

theelderly，beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan4ofgoodhealth.

obesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined6bodymass

index,orBMI.BMI7__bodymass

dividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30is

overweight.Andover30isconsideredobese.Obesity,8,canbedividedinto

moderatelyobese,severelyobese,andvery

severelyobese

Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,

theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10others

withalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,

someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.

Todaywehavea（an）_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15」nthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityineludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlower

prospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.

1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured

2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]

sufficient[D]troublesome

3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise

[D]Therefore

4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]

example

5.[A]impact[B]relevanee[C]assistanee[D]concern

6.[A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]inof

7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies

8.[A]inessenee[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]inpart

9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward

10.[A]so[B]uniike[C]since[D]unless

11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]

taste

12.[A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay

13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant

14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity

[D]tendency

15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored

16.[A][B]combined[C]settled[D]associated

17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only

18.[A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded

19.[A]discussions[B]businesses[C]

policies[D]studies

20.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]without更多资料请登入：

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SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Whatwouldyoudowith590m?

ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84—year—oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin—roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotin

history.Ifshehopeshernew—foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton

Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbe

counterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnewbecomesold—hat;regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoften

becomemorevaluablewithtime—asstoriesormemories—particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.

Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthe

most"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision（somethingtheaverage

Americanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit）.Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib—amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.

Readersof“HappyMoneyareclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthors'olicyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent。

21.AccordingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?

[A]Abighouse

[B]Aspecialtour

[C]Astylishcar

[D]Arichmeal

22.Theauthor'sattitudetoward

Americans'watchingTVis

[A]critical

[B]supportive

[C]sympathetic

[D]ambiguous

23.Macribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat

[A]consumersaresometimesirrational

[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality

[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective

[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Happy

Money

[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders'criticism

[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase

[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapinthe

us

[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement

25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto

[A]balaneefeelinggoodandspendingmoney

[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries

[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent

[D]becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries

Text2

AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointed

outthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou'remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep—seatedneedtofeelgoocaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself—enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect,”or“illusorysuperiority,andshown

that,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indriving

and85%atgettingonwellwithothers——allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities

Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself—affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe'rehotstuff.

PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself—enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselves'fromalineup

includingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyand

intuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation.”fthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage—whichmustdid—theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdiffereneeinresponses.Norwasthereany

evideneethat,thosewhoself—enhancethemust（thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthe

mostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal）weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthatthe

imageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherselfesteem.“Idon'tthinkthefindingsthatwe

havinghaveareanyevideneeofpersonaldelusion,saysEpley.“It'eftectionsimply

ofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves.'Ifyouaredepressed,youwon'tbeself—enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley‘sstudyitmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally—ononelevel,theydon'teevrecognisethepersoninthepictureasthemselves,Facebooktherefore,isaself—enhancer'sparadiswherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyleit'notthatpeople'sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.更多资料请登入：

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26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,

socialpsychologisthavefoundthat.

[A]ourself—ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

[B]illusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffect

[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural

[D]self—enhancingstrategiesareineffective

27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeople's

[A]rapidwatching

[B]consciouschoice

[C]intuitiveresponse

[D]automaticself—defenee

28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself—esteemtendedto

[A]underestimatetheirinsecurities

[B]believeintheirattractiveness

[C]coveruptheirdepres