高级英语修订版第一册重排版课后练习问题详解.docx
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高级英语修订版第一册重排版课后练习问题详解
词汇（Vocabulary）
Lesson10
sweltering（adj.）:
thatsweltersorsuffersfromtheheat；veryhot；sultry热得发昏的；酷热
counsel（n.）:
alawyerorgroupoflawyersgivingadviceaboutlegalmattersandrepresentingclientsincourt辩护律师；法律顾问；辩护人
silver-tongued（adj.）:
eloquent；persuasive雄辩的；口才流利的
orator（n.）:
askilled，eloquentpublicspeaker雄辩家
jury（n.）:
agroupofpeoplesworntoheartheevidenceandinquireintothefactsinalawcase，andtogivedecisioninaccordancewiththeirfindings陪审团
erupt（v.）:
burstforthorout，asfromsomerestraint进发；爆发；喷出
clash（n.）:
asharpdisagreement；conflict抵触；冲突；意见不一致；对立
fundamentalism（n.）:
religiousbeliefsbasedonaliteralinterpretationofeverythingintheBibleandregardedasfundamentaltoChristianfaithandmorals原教旨主义（相信《圣经》所记载的传统的基督教信仰，反对较为近代的教义）
legislature（n.）:
abodyofpersonsgiventheresponsibilityandpowertomakelawsforacountryorstate（esp.thelawmakingbodyofastate，correspondingtotheU.S.Congress）立法机构（尤指美国的州议会）
prohibit（v.）:
refusetopermit；forbidbylaworbyanorder禁止；不准
legality（n.）:
quality，condition，orinstanceofbeinglegalorlawful；conformitywiththelaw合法性
indict（v.）:
accuse；chargewiththecommissionofacime;esp.makeformalaccusationagainstonthebasisofpositivelegalevidenceusuallysaidoftheactionofagrandjury控告，控诉；指控，告发，对……起诉
prosecute（v.）:
institutelegalproceedingsagainst，orconductcriminalproceedingsincourtagainst对……起诉
festoon（v.）:
adornorhangwithfestoons饰以（或悬挂）花彩，结彩于
sprout（v.）:
growordeveloprapidly迅速生长，迅速发展
rickety（adj.）:
1iabletofallorbreakdownbecauseweak；shaky易倒的；易垮的；不结实的；不稳固的
evangelist（n.）:
anyonewhoevangelizes（esp.atravelingpreacherorarevivalist）福音传教士（尤指巡回说教者或信仰复兴者）
exhort（v.）:
urgeearnestlybyadvice，warning，etc.规劝，劝告，劝戒
infidel（n.）:
apersonwhoholdsnoreligiousbelief无宗教信仰者，不信宗教者
florid（adj.）:
flushedwithredorpink（saidofthecomplexion）（脸色）红润的
paunchy（adj.）:
[derog.orhumor]（esp.ofaman）havingafatstomach[贬或幽]（尤指男性）大腹便便的
attorney（n.）:
.anypersonlegallyempoweredtoactasagentfor.orinbehalfof，another（esp.alawyer）（被当事人授权的法律事务中的）代理人
shrewd（adj.）:
keen—witted，clever，astuteorsharpinpracticalaffairs机敏的；精明的；伶俐的
magnetic（adj.）:
vpowerfullyattractive（saidofaperson，personality，etc.）有吸引力的；有魅力的（指人或个性等）
steep（v.）:
immense，saturate，absorb，orimbue（esp.usedassteeped锄：
thoroughlyfilledorfamiliarwith）沉浸；埋头于（尤用作steepedin充满着；沉湎于；精通）
agnostic（n.）:
apersonwhobelievesthatthehumanmindcannotknowwhetherthereisaGodoranultimatecause，oranythingbeyondmaterialphenomena；atheist不可知论者
growl（v.）:
complaininanangryorsurlymanner牢骚满腹地说
spar（v.）:
wrangleordispute争论；争吵
drawl（v.）:
speakslowly，prolongingthevowels慢慢吞吞地说
bigotry（n.）:
thebehavior，attitude，orbeliefsofabigot：
intolerance；prejudice偏执的行为（或态度、信念等）；偏执；顽固；偏见
rampant（adj.）:
spreadingunchecked；widespread蔓延的；猖獗的
faggot（n.）:
abundleofsticks，twigs，orbranches（esp.foruseasfuel）柴捆；柴把
contaminate（v.）:
makeimpure，infected，corrupt，etc.使感染，传染，毒害
mammal（n.）:
anyofalargeclassofwarm—blooded.usuallyhairyvertebrateswhoseoffspringsarefedwithmilksecretedbyfemalemammaryglands哺乳动物
snort（v.）:
wave，shake.orexhibitinamenacing,challenging，orexultantway（威胁地、挑战似地、狂喜地）挥舞
denounce（v.）:
condemnstronglyasevil谴责，指责，痛斥
sonorous（adj.）:
havingapowerful，impressivesound（声音）响亮的；洪亮的
reconcile（adj.）:
settle（aquarrel，etc.）orcompose（adifference，etc.）调解；调和；使一致；使相符
divine（adj.）:
givenorinspiredbyGod；holy；sacred神授的，天赐的；神圣的
fervour（n.）:
greatwarmthofemotion；ardor；zeal；passion热烈；热情，热心，热诚
arena（n.）:
anysphereofstruggleorconflict竞争场所；活动场所
prairie（n.）:
alargeareaoflevelorslightlyrollinggrassland大草原
scorch（v.）:
char，discolor，ordamagethesurfaceofsth.bysuperficialburning；burn；makeacausticattackon；assailscathingly；excoriate烧焦；烤焦；挖苦；严厉指责（或批评）
pop（v.）:
[colloq.]arise；happenorarriveunexpectedly[口]突然发生，突然出现，突然来到
duel（n.）:
anycontestorencountersuggestingsuchafight，usuallybetweentwopersons（常指两人间的）争斗，冲突，斗争
hush（n.）:
absenceofnoise；quiet；silence寂静，平静，安静；默不作声，沉默
adjourn（v.）:
closeasessionormeetingforthedayorforatime休会，闭会；延期
swarm（v.）:
befilledorcrowded；teem（with）充满，被挤满（常与with连用）
hawker（n.）:
apersonwhohawksgoodsinthestreet；peddle；huckster（沿街叫卖的）小贩
entrepreneur（n.）:
[Fr.]apersonwhoorganizesandmanagesabusinessundertaking.assumingtheriskforthesakeoftheprofit[法语]企业家
ape（n.）:
anyofafamily（Pongidae）oflarge，taillessmonkeysthatcanstandandwalkinanalmosterectposition猿
ponder（v.）:
weighmentally；thinkdeeplyabout；considercarefully默想；深思；考虑
cower（v.）:
shrinkandtremble，asfromsomeone’sanger，threats，orblow（因别人发怒、威胁或打击而）畏缩；发抖，哆嗦
sulphurous（adj.）:
violentlyemotional；heated；fiery异常激动的；激烈的；暴怒的
dispatch（n.）:
anewsstorysenttoanewspaper，radiostation，etc.，asbyaspecialreporterornewsagency（特派记者或新闻社发给报社、电台的）（新闻）电讯，电文，通讯
yokel（n.）:
[acontemptuousterm]apersonlivinginaruralarea；rustic；countrybumpkin[贬]乡巴佬，土包子
perch（v.）:
alightorrestonorasonaperch栖息；停歇；坐在高处
gawk（v.）:
starelikeagawk，inastupidway（像呆子般）呆呆地盯着，呆视
wily（adj.）:
fullofwiles；crafty；sly狡猾的；狡诈的；诡计多端的
repel（v.）:
driveorforceback；holdorwardoff击退；抵挡住
fervent（adj.）:
havingorshowinggreatwarmthoffeeling；intenselydevotedorearnest；ardent；passionate热烈的，满怀热情的，热心的，深表热诚的；强烈的
Genesis（n.）:
thefirstbookoftheBible，givinganaccountofthecreationoftheuniverse《创世纪》（《圣经·旧约》的首卷）
snigger（n.）:
asly，derisive，partlystifledlaugh窃笑；暗笑
twirl（v.）:
rotaterapidly；spin（使）快速旋转，（使）迅速转动
serpent（n.）:
asnake，esp.alargeorpoisonousone蛇（尤指大蛇或毒蛇）
livid（adj.）:
grayish—blue；pale；lead—colored青灰色的；铅色的
slur（n.）:
anyremarkoractionthatharmsorismeanttoharmsomeone’sreputation；aspersion，reproach，stigma，etc.诽谤；污辱；诋毁，中伤，破坏……的名誉
gavel（n.）:
asmallmalletrappedonthetablebyapresidingofficerincallingforattentionorsilenceorbyanauctioneer（会议主席、法官或拍卖商用以敲击桌子的）小木槌，议事槌
quell（v.）:
crush；subdue；putanendto镇压；平息
hubbub（n.）:
aconfusedsoundofmanyvoices；noise；uproar；tumult吵闹声，喧哗，喧嚣；鼎沸；骚动
forlorn（adj.）:
abandonedordeserted被抛弃的；被遗弃的；孤独的，寂寞的／forlornlyadv.
verdict（n.）:
theformalandunanimousfindingofajuryonthemattersubmittedtotheminatrial裁定；判决
conviction（n.）:
aconvicting0rbeingconvicted证明有罪；（被）判罪；定罪
短语（Expressions）
adhereto:
continuetoobeyormaintain（esp，arule，standardorbelief）坚持，忠于
例：
Sheadherestoherprinciplesthroughoutherteachingcareer.她在整个教学生涯中始终坚持自己的原则。
takeon:
begintohave呈现
例：
Hervoicetookonatroubledtone.她的声音里有些不安。
underway:
begin，start（开始）进行，在前进中。
例：
Wehaveseveralplansunderway.我们已将几项计划付诸实施。
AnswertoExcercisesintheText
I.Omitted.
II.
1）Wehavesomecleverandunexpectedtacticsandwewillsurprisetheminthetrial.
2）Thecasehadcomedownuponmeunexpectedlyandviolently.
3）Thefundamentalistsbelieveinaword-for-wordacceptanceofwhatissaidintheBible.
4）thatalllifehaddevelopedgraduallyfromacommonoriginalorganism
5）Let’saccuseScopesofteachingevolutionandletthecourtdecidewhetherheisbreakingthelawornot.
6）Peoplefromthenearbymountains,mostlyfundamentalists,cametosupportBryanagainstthoseprofessors,scientists,andlawyerswhocamefromthenorthernbigcitiesandwerenotfundamentalists.
7）Asmyfathercomplainedangrily,That’snojuryatall.
8）Heisherebecauseunenlightenmentandprejudicearewidespreadandunchecked.
9）Peoplehadtopayinordertohavealookattheapeandtoconsidercarefullywhetherapesandhumanscouldhaveacommonancestry.
10）andthecrowd,whoweremainlyfundamentalists,tookhiswordsshowingnofearasiftheywereprayers,interruptingfrequentlywithAmen
Ⅲ.Omitted.
Ⅳ.
1）legalterms:
court,defence,criminallawyer,leadingcouncelfortheprosecution,statelegislature,trial,testify,ajurytrial,case,indict,theU.S.SupremeCourt,defend,presidingjudge,attorney-general,openthesession,juror,legality,witness,evidence,accuse,adjourn,verdict,jurymen,guilty,conviction
2）religiousterms:
fundamentalists,modernists,theOldTestament,fundamentalism,theBible,agnostic,Catholic,Jew,infidel,God,Amen,Genesis
Ⅴ.
1）Todaytheteachersareputontrialbecausetheyteachscience,soonthemagazines,booksandnewspaperswillnotbeallowedtoexpressnewideas.
2）Itisdoubtfulwhetherman（ratherthefundamentalist）hasreasoningpower,Darrowsaidinacontemptuousway.
3）TheChristianbelievesthatGodinheavenmadehumanbeingbuttheevolutionistthinkshumanbeingscomefromlowlyanimals.Theimplicationisthereisnothinglofty,nobleabouthumanbeingsintheeyesoftheevolutionist.
4）Thisisapun,i.e.playingonwords.Thissentencemayhavetwodifferentinterpretations,dependingonhowyoureadit.Ifyoupausebeforethedash,itmeansDarwin,thenaturalistiscorrect.Ifyoureadoutthewholesentence,itmeansDarwintheshopownerisdirectlyinside.
5）Eventheapeshudderedwhenitrealizedthatitmightsharethesameancestrywithhumanbeings（especiallythefundamentalists）.
6）Maloneconsideredthedefeatablessingindisguise,althoughScopeswasfoundguilty,theyhadsucceededindrawingtheattentionofthepeopleallovertheUnitedStatestothisissue.
7）Thestatementconveysfalsemodestyaboutbeingwiththepeopleandindicatesregionalnarrow-mindednessandbigotry.
8）Thisshowsthatthejurorswereignorant,prejudicedandnarrowminded.Therecouldn’tbeafairandimpartialtrial.
9）Bryan’sroleisself-appointed.ThereisnoneedforBryantoactasthespokesman.Ifathingistrueitdoesnotneedan
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