基于PIC 单片机的通用胎压监测系统的设计外文翻译Word下载.docx

基于PIC 单片机的通用胎压监测系统的设计外文翻译Word下载.docx

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Withthehighspeedofroadnetworkboomingrise，Trafficisdeveloped，Vehiclespeedincreasing,traffichazardspreventionproblemsimminent,ifbecauseofthetireair-leaksandexplosionetccausetrafficaccident,manyarebytyresworktohightemperatureorunreasonabletirepressurecause.Researchcartirestirepressuremonitoringsystemofmodernautomobiledriving,whentheeconomy,safetyandmanipulationstabilityisparticularlyimportantpracticalsignificance.

HardwareconstitutionandsoftwaredesignmethodoftheuniversalTPMSareintroducedbasedonPICMCU.TheDesignprojectsoftheremotemonitoringmodulebasedoninfineonSPI2sensor,MicrochiprfPIC12F675FwithASK/FSKtransmitterandthecentralreceivermodulebasedonMicrochipPIC16F877Aaredescribed,andhardwarecircuitryandrelatedprogramsflowcharts,communicationprotocolsandalgorithmsaregiven1Thesystemcanmeasurethetire'

sinteriortemperature,instantaneouspressure,voltageandaccelerationatanytime,indicatetheblooeytiresandalarmthedrivertoavoidthedanger.It'

sofgreatimportanceforthepopularizationandoptimizationoftheTPMSinourcountry.

Asauthoritativeresearchindicates,thekeytoPreventatireblow-outismaintainingstandardtirePressureanddetectingtirefaultbeforehand.Thus,tirePressuremonitoringbecomesmeaningfulandimportant.

TPMS（TirePressureMonitoringSystem），Mainlyusedinautomobiledrivingreal-timemonitoringoftyrepressureautomatically.Currentlydevelopedcountriesofthetirepressureearly-warningsystemmainlydividedintotwotypes:

oneisJiaJieShi,itthroughcarABS（antiholdingbrakesystem）ofthewheelsensorandtyremechanicalmodel,indirectlycalculatedfortyrepressure,inordertoachievethepurpose;

monitortyrepressureAnotherkindisdirecttype,itUSESinstalledineachofthetireswithlithiumionbatteryforpowersupplypressuresensortodirectmeasurementoftyrepressure,andthroughwirelessmodulationlaunchtoinstallinsearchofmonitor,andmonitoratanytimedisplayvarioustyrepressure,driverscanintuitiveyunderstandingeachtirepressurecondition,whenthetyrepressureistooloworhaveleakage,thesystemwillautomaticallyalarm,ensuresafety.

TPMSasanewtypeautomobileactivesafetydevicehasbeendevelopingrapidlyinrecentyearsworldwide.Sinceitcouldmonitortirepressureandtemperatureinrealtimeandalertthedriverintime,mosttrafficaccidentscausedbyflattirecouldbeavoidedtoensuresafedriving.ThedevelopmentoftirepressuremonitoringsystemsisreviewedincludingwheelspeedbasedTPMS,pressure-sensorbasedTPMSandthecominggenerationsocallednon-batterypassiveTPMS.ThecomponentsandworkingmechanismoftirepressuremonitoringsystemareintroducedandtheirmeritsanddefectsanalyzedandcomparedwiththeemphasisonthreedominantdirectTPMSsystems,whicharesignificantinitsresearchanddevelopment.Theprospectoffuturedevelopmenttrendislookedahead.Thenon-batteryTPMSisexpectedtoreplacethecurrentoneandbecomethedominant.

Wirelesssignaltransmissionstabilityreliabilityinsufficiency,thebatterylifeproblem,sensorlifeanddurabilityproblem,isthepresentTPMSproductsinthecommonproblem.Thissysteminadditiontothesensor,alluseMicrochipcompanytransceiverchipandmicrocontrolprocessor,lowenergyconsumption,goodcompatibilityandhighreliability.AndutilizeFSKmodulatormode,one-waycommunicationmode,improvingthesystemofsignaltransmissionofanti-interferenceability.CombinedwiththesystemUSEStheSP12sensorandmonitoringmodulemicroprocessorrfPIC12F675Fcharacteristics,adoptLFlow-frequencysenseitechnology,time-sharingsendandreceivedifferentmonitoringmodulerfsignals,thussolvingsignalcollisioninterferenceproblems,andfurtherenergysavingsystem.

2SystemRequirements

Causeaflattireandblowoutreasonsareasfollows:

tyretemperatureisexorbitant,

thetyrepressuretoobig,

tyresusedforalongtime,

tireoverload,

automobiledrivingtoofast.

Forthatcartobeinasafedrivingcondition,driversmustindrivingprocessreal-timeunderstandtyreoverpressure,voltage,temperature,etc.Workofthestate,thesystemhasthefollowingfunctions:

real-timemonitortirepressure,temperatureconditions,

whenatireover-voltage,overheating,automaticsoundandlightalarm,

whenatyreinundervoltagecondition,correspondingtheadvantagesindicatoremitlight.

3HardwareDesign

ThesystemwasdividedintotwoPartsfunctionally:

tirePressuremeasuringblockandcentralmonitoringblock.

Thehaudwarecompositionwasintroducedrespectively;

hardwarecircuitsofeachblockwerealsopresentedinthispaper.Performanceandfunctionofmainchipswereintroducedindetail,suchasthesensorSP12,rfPIC12F675（MCUwithembeddedUHFtranslmiter）,receiverrfRXD0420,PIC16F877,andsomeotherimportantcomponentslikeLCM（withaT6963Ccontrollerembeded）andete.

Toenhancetheanti-interferenceperformanceandrealizelowpower

Consumptionmanagement,anactiveLowFrequency（LF）wake-uptechnologywasadopted.

Asforsoftwaredesign,adynamictimecyclemeasuringandtransmittingmethodwasproposed,andcorrespondingsoftwarearithmeticweregiven,CombiningLFwake-uptechnologywithlowpowermanagementthought.Takingintoconsiderationsevereelectromagneticinterferenceenvironmentofcars,aCRC（CyelicRedundancyCheek）arithmeticwasaddedintothecommunicationprotocolframes,compositivesoftwarefilteringmethodswerealsousedtoenhancetheReliabilityandpresideofthesystem.

Thissystemconsistsof5modules,asshowninfigure1shows,4fortyrewithinthesurveillancemodules,ausedcar,receivingmodules.Monitoringmoduleincludessensorandlaunchmodule.Thesensortomeasurethepressureandtemperaturesignalsareconvertedtoelectricsignalsthroughwirelesstransmittingdeviceswillsignallaunched.Thepressureofthetemperaturesensorlaunchedbythereceivingmodulecanreceiveandprocessinformation,afterdrivingonthedisplayshowsthatinthecourseofdrivingreal-timemonitor.ShowingthewaysuchasLED,LCDorvoiceprompt,etc.Canbeinaccordancewiththeactual

requirementstodesign.Thetyresmonitoringmodulebycentralmainframecontrolmodulelow-frequencyLFsignalcontrol,settleintoworkpatternsintervaltime-sharing,resttimedormant.

3.1Hardwaredesignofthemastercontrolmodule

Cartiresuniqueworkingenvironmentconditionsdeterminesthetirepressurereal-timemonitoringofthehighpressuresensorobjectives:

widetemperaturearea,widevoltagerangeofhighaccuracyandreliability,Lowpowerrequirements;

Badenvironmentwirelesssignaltransmissionstabilityrequirement.ThissystemUSESInfineon（Infineon）companySP12tyrepressuretemperatureaccelerationspecialdetectionsensor.

Becauseelectricitysavingandsupersmall-scaledemand,soadoptedSP12sensor.SP12isakindofpiezoelectricresistorsensor,besidescanmeasurepressureandtemperaturebesides,stillintegratedaddspeedsensorandvoltagepreachimplement,pressuremeasurementrange100~450kPa,temperaturemeasurementrangefor-40~+125.Theaveragepowerconsumptionforstandbymodeonly13muonA.HastheSPIserialcommunicationmouth,moreconvenientandcontrollercanbecomposedSCMsystem.

RfPIC12F675FMicrochipcompanyislaunchedmonolithicintegratedembeddedrfwirelessdatatransmitters8-bitCMOSmicrocontroller.1024x14programmableanEPROM,64x8bytesdatastorage,128x8bytesEEPROMdatastorage,16specialfunctionofhardwareregisters,Thewatchdogtimer,lowpowerconsumption,sleeppatterns,sixgeneralI/Ofunctions;

Workingvoltage,lowpowerconsumption55V25~sleeppatternsfor500muAcurrent.EmbeddedUHFadd/FSKemitter,rffrequencyrangefor230~930MHz,adjustableoutputpower+6~-15dBm,adddataemissionrate0~40Kbps,FSKdatalaunchrate0~20Kbps;

PLLphase-lockedVCO,integratedoscillators,andthatthecircuitonlyafewexternalcomponents.ComplywithUSandEuropeanEN300220'

ts15231FCCrules.

Thetyresmonitoringmodulecircuitstructureasfigureshows,bymicrocontrollerrfPIC12F675F,pressureandtemperatureaccelerationsensorSP12,antennanetworkandLFlow-frequencyawakeningofcircuitcomposedoffour.Peripheralcomponentsandsimplecircuit,andhighreliability.UsingtheSPIserialdatainterfaceSP12SDO,SCLKandSDIrespectivelywithmicro-controllerrfPIC12F675FonGP4,GP1andGP2connection,becauserfPIC12F675FwithouthardwareSPIfunction,butitiseasierforsoftwaresimulationandSP12betweenserialcommunication.Thebuilt-inlaunchchipscontaintransmitpoweramplifierPA,thecrystaloscillator,phase-lockedVCOisPLL,VCOandpatternlogiccontrolblockscircuits,etc.Thisapplicationsystembyworkingfrequencyfor433MHz,XTALpinsandFSKOUTpinsbetweenjoinexternalcrystaloscillatorclampsitsX1capacitorC1,C2,realizeFSKmodulation.WhenDATAFSK=1,FSKOUTforhighimpedancecondition,transmitfrequencyfMAX;

for,WhenDATAFSK=0,FSKOUTandVSSRFgrounding,capacitanceC1,C2inparallel,thetransmitfrequencyforfMIN.Thissystemtransmissionpowerfor+2dB,standbycurrentconsumptiononly10muA.Duringliftoff,VCOoutputsignalisdirectlyintotheVCOoutputtoPA,thefrequencyofcrystaloscillatorfrequency32times,takinglanduse-datAFSKtheinputofdigitalsignal（GP0forsignalinputcontrolterminals,andtakinglanduse-datAFSKconnected）wasFSKafterpoweramplifieroutput,PAtodirectdriveantenna.

Thelow-frequencysenseimodulebyLandCformaparallelLCresonantcircuitusedtorec