2 初三复习模块动词非谓语动词教师版.docx
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2初三复习模块动词非谓语动词教师版
动词(五年中考,三年模拟)
1.(2013七中一模)You’dbetter________letyourchildren________withfire.It’sdangerous.
A.don’t;playB.not;playC.don’t;toplayD.not;toplay
2.(2014铁一一模)Theheadmastersaidtheywouldhave________library________.
A.another,builtB.other,builtC.another,buildingD.other,building
3.(2014十六中一模)It’swasfoolish________you________thetestwithoutpreparation.
A.for,totakeB.of,takingC.for,takingD.of,totake
4.(2015华附月考)Theheavyrainpreventedus________outforthepicnic.
A.togoB.goingC.goD.went
5.(2015华附月考)Theteacheraskedhim________timeplayingcomputergamesbeforetheexam.
A.towasteB.wastedC.tonotwasteD.nottowaste
6.(2015七中月考)Mymotheraskedme________her________theclothesthewholemorningyesterday,soIhadnotimetogoshoppingwithmyfriends.
A.tohelp,washB.help,towashC.helping,washingD.tohelp,washing
7.(2015七中月考)Iprefer________breadonmyownto________inthebreadshop.
A.making,buyingB.making,buyC.tomaking,buyD.tomake,bough
8.(2015执信月考)--Youarebraveenoughtorefuseyourboss’invitation.
--Well,nowIregret________that.
A.todoB.doingC.havedoneD.do
9.(2015执信月考)I________haveawalkaftersupper,butnowI________playingbasketball.
A.usedto,amusedforB.amusedto;usedto
C.usedto;amusedtoD.amusedto;amusedfor
10.(2015二中月考)Thetreesgiverewardstotheants,likespecialbranches________.
A.toliveB.toliveinC.livingD.livingin
Keys:
BADBD6-10AABCB
非谓语动词
1.不定式todo:
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,称为带to的不定式;有时,to可以省略,称为不带to的不定式。
其否定形式为not+(to)+动词原形。
(1)作主语:
常用it做形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,其结构为:
Itis+adj.+(for/of)+动词不定式
Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.
→Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.学习一门外语并不容易。
(2)作宾语
一些动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,这类动词有:
agree,begin,choose,dare,decide,expect,forget,hate,hope,learn,like,love,need,offer,prefer,promise,refuse,remember,start,try,want,wish,wouldlike等,常用的有wouldlike,want,decide,learn,need,refuse,agree,plan,expect,wish。
智康口诀1:
想要决定学习,需要同意计划,希望不要拒绝。
想要(wouldlike,want)
决定(decide)
学习(learn)
需要(need)
同意(agree)
计划(plan)
希望(wish,expect,hope)
拒绝(refuse)
例:
Ihopetoseehersoon.
Shewantstogotouniversitysomeday.
Hebegantoreadandwriteafterlunch.(当一个以上的不定式连用时,后面的不定式往往省略to。
)
注意否定:
not+(to)+动词原形如:
ask/tellsb.(not)todosth.
(3)表目的
用作目的状语,例:
Hecametoborrowmydictionary.
Theywentonfoot,soasnottobeheard.
Inordernottobeheard,theywentonfoot.
soasto,inorderto意思都是“以便,为的是”,它们都可以用在句中,但是在句首要用inorderto。
另外,以上后两句例句中用了否定式,意思是“以免,免得”。
还有Heworkedashardashecouldtopasstheexam.(todo表目的)
2.省略to的不定式do
whynotdo…,hadbetter(not)do…,wouldratherdo…,could/would/willyouplease(not)do…
let/have/makesb.dosth.
如Iwouldratherstayathome.
1.Theteacherwarnedhisstudents________onthethinice.
A.notskatingB.noskatingC.toskateD.nottoskate
2.–Haveyougoteverythingreadyforthetrip?
—Yes.There’snothing________.
A.toworryaboutB.needtoworryaboutC.toworryatallD.worryingabout
3.–Haveyoureadaboutthepianistinthenewspaper?
--Yes,Ihavedecidedtogoand________thisevening.
A.heardhisplayB.hearhimplayC.hearhimplayingD.hearhimtoplay
4.–Thelightintheofficeisstillon.–Oh,Iforgot________.
A.turningitoffB.turnoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff
5.Johnwasmade________thetruckforaweekasapunishment.
A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing
Keys:
DABCA
3.动名词doing:
动名词的形式由“动词原形+ing”构成,例如:
do→doing,study→studying,close→closing,stop→stopping。
注意+ing的不同情况。
(1)作主语,谓语动词一般用单数。
Collectingstampsishishobby.
(2)宾语:
①用作动词宾语:
finish,practice,beworth,consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike,enjoy,miss,mind,admit,keep
②用作介词宾语:
beafraidof,begoodat,Howabout/Whatabout…,beinterestedin,bebusy(in)doing,insteadof,havedifficulty(in)doing,havenotrouble(in)doing,prevent/stop…(from)doing,spendmoney/timeindoingsth,
注意to为介词的短语:
lookforwardto…盼望……
prefer…to…比起……更喜欢……
payattentionto注意……
beusedtodoingsth.(习惯做某事)
beusedto被用来做usedtodo过去常常
1.Theboywasoftenheard_______aloudinthemorningbyhisneighbours.
A.readB.toreadingC.readingD.toread
2.---Wouldyoumind______here?
---Ofcoursenot.
A.mysittingB.metositC.mesittingD.Itosit
3.I'mthinkingabout______avery_______vacationinSanya,HainanIsland.
A.taking,relaxingB.taking,relaxedC.totake,relaxingD.totake,relaxed
4.---Haveyoufinished______thenovel?
---Notyet.I’lltry______itbacktoyoubeforeSaturday.
A.reading,givingB.toread,togiveC.reading,togiveD.toread,giving
5.Ilike_____cards,butIdon’tlike______itrightnow.
A.playing,todoB.playing,doingC.toplay,doingD.toplay,todo
6.Oldpeopleandyoungchildrenshouldtakecare_________theroads.
A.crossingB.tocrossC.acrossingD.walkingacross
7.________toomuchhigh-caloryfoodmadeher_________fatterandfatter
A.Toeat,becameB.Eat,becomeC.Eating,becomeD.Eating,tobecome
8.Ittookmeaboutsixhours______toGuangzhoubycoachfromZhanjiang.
A.goingB.togoC.wentD.getting
9.Inourschool,thestudentsaren’tallowed______theirears_______.
A.toget,piercingB.toget,piercedC.getting,piercingD.getting,pierced
10.Ifyouhappen_______David,tellhim______meacall.
A.tosee,togiveB.tosee,givingC.seeing,togiveD.seeing,giving
Keys:
DAACABCBBA
4.现在分词ing&过去分词done:
分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。
现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成(如:
ask→asking,study→studying,live→living,stop→stopping)。
现在分词短语具有形容词和副词的作用,在句中可用作多种句子成分。
过去分词的构成有两种:
规则的变化由“动词原形+ed”构成(如:
ask→asked,live→lived,study→studied,stop→stopped)
如havesth.done→Ihavemyclotheswashed.
sb.called/named→IknowaboynamedJohn.
考点1区分同类别词组:
interesting---interestedexciting---excitedboring—boredrelaxing—relaxedembarrassing---embarrassedsurprising---surprised
考点2①现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行,动作是宾语发出的,主动的,多用于使役动词或感官动词之后。
如:
see,watch,hear,feel,smell,notice,find;have,get,leave,keep
例:
Wesawalightburninginthewindow.
Ican'tgettheclockgoingagain.
Isawhimtalkingwiththedoctor.
Hekeptthemachinerunningfortenhours.
智康口诀:
吾看三室两厅一感觉,半帮助打死也不吐。
(let,make,help三个单词除外)
易错点:
havesb.dosth.=letsb.dosth.
havesb.doingsth.=keepsb.doingsth.
请比较:
Isawtheoldmancrossingthestreet.我看见那个老人在过街。
(表示动作正在进行)
Isawtheoldmancrossthestreet.我看见那个老人过街的。
(表示动作已发生过)
5.非谓语动词的辨析
★forget/remember/regrettodo没有做
forget/remember/regretdoing已经做过
★stop/goontodo停下来或接下去做另一件事
stop/goondoing停止或继续做同一件事
★trytodosth.努力去做某事,不一定成功
trydoingsth.试着去做某事
managetodosth.努力做某事,且成功了
★need/wanttodo主动,去做
need/wantdoing被动,被做=need/wanttobedone
例:
Thisroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.
Theoldwatchwantsrepairing/toberepaired.
★meantodo打算,想
meandoing意味着
★see/hear/find/watchsb.do做了,全过程
see/hear/find/watchsb.doing正在做
★allow/advisedoingsth.允许做某事
allow/advisesb.todosth.允许某人做某事
6.不定式与动名词作宾语之比较
①一些动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,这类动词有:
agree,begin,choose,dare,decide,expect,forget,hate,hope,learn,like,love,need,offer,prefer,promise,refuse,remember,start,try,want,wish,wouldlike等,常用的有wouldlike,want,wish,expect,decide,plan,agree,refuse,learn,need。
智康口诀:
想要决定学习,需要同意计划,希望不要拒绝。
想要(wouldlike,want)
决定(decide)
学习(learn)
需要(need)
同意(agree)
计划(plan)
希望(wish,expect,hope)
拒绝(refuse)
②常用接动名词做宾语的动词:
口诀:
完成实践值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)
继续习惯别放弃(keepon,beusedto,giveup)
考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike)
喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)
初中常考单词:
finish,practice,enjoy,mind,keep等
温馨提示:
bebusydoing,beworthdoing
1既可以接动名词作宾语,又可以接不定式作宾语的动词。
Ⅰ.意思差别不大的动词如下:
begin,start等:
在begin,start,hate,like,love,prefer等动词后,用动名词或不定式作宾语,意思上几乎没有什么区别。
智康口诀:
开始喜欢爱恨交织(begin,start,prefer,like,dislike,love,hate)
例:
Theteachersaid,“Youbeginwritingnow,”andthechildrenbegantowrite.
Willyoustartreading/toread?
Soyoupreferliving/toliveabroad?
有时,like后接动名词时,表示经常性的爱好;后接不定式时,表示一次性的或独特的爱好。
例:
Iliketravelingand,especially,totravelwithfriends.
Hedoesn’tlikereading,buthelikestoreadnewspapersinbed.
7.常用不定式或动名词的句型
(1)It’stimetodosth.=It’stimeforsth.“是做……的时候了”
It’stimetohavesupper.=It’stimeforsupper.该吃晚饭了。
(2)Let’sdosth.
(3)Ittakessb.sometime(money)todosth.“某人花费多少时间(金钱)做某事”
Ittookmehalfanhourtodotheproblem.我花了半小时做这个题目。
(4)be+形容词+enough+todosth.“足够……做某事”
Thegirlisoldenoughtogotoschool.那小姑娘已够上学年龄。
(5)be+too+形容词+todosth.“太……不能做某事”
Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.那孩子太害怕,不敢动一动。
(6)beready+todosth.“乐意做某事”
=bereadyforsth.
LeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpothers.雷锋总是乐于助人。
(7)It’s+形容词+(for/ofsb.)+todosth.
It’simportantforthetwinstohelpeachother.孪生子互相帮助是很重要的。
(8)beafraidtodosth.“不敢做某事”
=beafraidofdoingsth.
Heisafraidtotellhisfatheraboutit.他不敢告诉他父亲。
(9)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.表示“宁愿……也不愿……”
Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoout.我宁愿呆在家里也不愿出去。
(10)wouldliketodosth.与wouldlovetodosth.常用于口语中,表示“喜欢……”
I’dliketohaveacupoftea.我想喝杯茶。
Iwouldlovetogo.我想去。
(11)hadbetter+不带to的不定式表示“最好……”
You’dbetterputonyourcoat.It’sverycoldoutside.你最好穿上大衣。
外面很冷。
You’dbetternotgo.你最好不要去。
(12)Will/Could/Wouldyouplease+不带to的不定式,表示请求。
Willyoupleaseaskhertocometotheteacher’soffice?
请你叫她到老师办公室去一下好吗?
(13)Whynotd