主谓一致-PPT.ppt

主谓一致-PPT.ppt

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主谓一致原则讲解,Pleasemakethebestchoice!

一。

整体原则,1。

表示时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

Fiftyyearsisnotalongtime.,1）.Tenthousanddollars_quitealargesum.A.areB.isC.hasD.have,2）.Sixtimesseven_forty-two.A.areB.isC.haveD.was,2.非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

例如：

1）.Togetupearlyandtogotosleepearly_goodforyourhealth.A.isB.areC.wasD.were,由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形式。

2）.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecodedD.havenotdecided,当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。

3）.Playingfootballnotonly_usgrowuptallandstrongbutalso_usasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.A.make;giveB.makes;givesC.makes;giveD.make;gives,4）.Whenwewillholdthemeeting_notdecidedyet.A.isB.areC.beD.was,2、舍近求远的原则：

语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。

但我们要注意一些特殊情况；1）以alongwith,togetherwith,with,aswellas,accompaniedby,ratherthan,but,except连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。

例如：

1.NobodybutJane_thesecret.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown,2.I,ratherthanyou,_responsiblefortheaccident.AamBareChasDhave,3.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered,4.Allbutone_herejustnow.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were,5.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_invitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen,Thehouse,includingthegardenandthegarage,wassoldout.,6.Nooneexceptmyparents_anythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknown,Severalpassengers,togetherwiththedriver,werehurt.,1。

由notonlybutalso,neithernor,eitheror,notbut以及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。

Notonlyyourfathersfriendsbutalsoyourfatherlikessmoking.,3.就近一致原则,1）NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be,2）Oneorperhapsmorepages_missing.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen,Areyouorhetodrive?

Wassheoryouthere?

3）Peter,perhapsJohn,_playingwiththelittledog.A.seemsB.wereC.areD.is,4）_he_Ifinishedtheexperiment?

Haveneither/norHasneither/norC.Haveneither/orD.Haveeither/or,5）-_eitherheorIfitforthejob?

-Neitherhenoryou_.A.Am;areB.Is;areC.Are;areD.Is;is,Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomepaperforyou.,guess,2在倒装句中以及在Therebe结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。

Whereisyourmotherandyoungersister?

Thereisapen,twopencilsandfivebooksonthedesk.,1）Onthewall_famouspaintings.A.haveB.areC.isD.has,2）There_alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has,1并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词前没有冠词。

ThesecretaryofthePartybranchanddirectorofthatfactoryoftenworkswiththeworkers.,意义一致：

1）Boththesecretaryandthemanager_agreedtoattendthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is,2）Thesecretaryandmanager_verybusynow.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.were,2陈述部分用everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,noone或no+复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用they。

而陈述部分用everything,something,nothing,anything时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用it。

Somebodyiswaitingforyou,arenthey?

Everythingisallright,isntit?

3主语是以-ics结尾的学科名词以及news,works（工厂）等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。

另外means一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。

Mathematicsseemstobedifficulttolearn.Anewmeansofteachingisbeingusedinthatschool.,1）Everymeans_beentriedsincethen.A.hasB.wereC.wasD.hasbeen,注：

学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。

Mymathematicsareweak.,2）Allmeans_beenused.A.hasB.wasC.haveD.be,4the+形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。

其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数。

如：

Thericharenotalwayshappy.Thenewissuretoreplacetheold.,Theold_welllookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.was,5.主语是family,team,group,crowd,class,committee等集合名词时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式，如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。

Hisfamilyareallmusiclovers.,类似这样的集体名词有：

family,class,audience,committee（委员会）,crowd,crew,group,party,population,team,public,council（理事会）,village等。

Thepopulationoftheearthisincreasingveryfast.,1）Hesaidthathisfamily_allverywell.A.areB.wereC.isD.was,2）Thepopulationofthecity_increasingfast.A.wereB.beC.isD.are,3）TheUnitedStates_madeupof50states,oneofwhich_Kentucky.is/areB.is/isC.are/isD.are/are,4）Zhangsfamily_ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was,5）Nowthepolice_searchingthetownforthelostchild.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are,.6）Thepolice_theblackinwinter.wearsB.wearC.putonD.putson,主语people作“人们，人民”解时，谓语动词用复数，作“民族”解时，有单复数之分。

（police,cattle,public）Ourpeopleisagreatone.Thereare56peoplesinChina.,6主语是疑问代词who,what,which,不定代词all,more,most,any,none等以及名词half,part,therest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。

HalfofthevisitorsarefromEurope.Halfofthefruitisbad.,Therestofhisjourneywaspleasant.Therestofthegirlsarefondofmusic.Allofyourworkiswelldone.Allofyouranswersarecorrect.,1）Mostofhissparetime_spentinreading.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeen,2）Where_thatfivepoundsIlentyou?

A.isB.haveC.wasD.were,3）Twoofthemwillgofirst,therest_tostay.A.isB.areC.usedD.has,4）ItisnotIwho_wrong.A.isB.areC.amD.hasbeen,2“的几分之几”和“的百分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于of后的名词。

Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.40percentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.,70percentofthesurfaceiscoveredwithwater.70percentofthefarmershaveimprovedtheirlivingconditions.,1）Onethirdofthepopulationhere_workers.A.isB.haveC.beD.are,2）About20percentofthework_doneyesterday.A.areB.isC.wereD.was,8“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”之前有theonly,thevery,the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

Sheistheonlyoneofthesewomenwhoplaystheviolin.,1）Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsinourclasswho_toschoolonfoot.goB.goesC.havegoneD.aregoing,2）Hewastheoneofthestudentswho_praisedatthemeeting.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are,注意：

1.oneof+复数名词+（单）谓语，如：

Oneofthestudentsisfromthesouth.2.oneof+复数名词+定语从句（从句动词用复数），如：

Heisoneoftheboyswhoarereadytohelpothers.,3.the（only）oneof+名词（复数）+定语从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众多中只有一个，如：

Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhocomesearly.,1）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，谓语用复数，但前面有each,every,no等词修饰时，谓语用单数。

例如：

语法一致：

Bothriceandwheat_growninthatcountry.A.isB.areC.wasD.has,Everyboyandgirlinthisregionistaughttoreadandwrite.,Nostudentandnoteacherisinvitedtotheparty,Eachdoctorandeachnursewassentfor.,1）.Duringtheholidayseverytrainandship_crowded.A.areB.wereC.wasD.has,2）Noteacherandnostudent_admittedinhere.areB.wereC.isD.has,主谓一致的测试热点,2由manya或morethan+单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。

ManyaforeignerhasbeentotheGreatWall.Morethanonestudenthasvisitedtheexhibition.,1）Morethanonepersonhere_withthedisease.hasbeeninfectedB.havebeeninfectedC.hasbeeninfectingD.havebeeninfecting,2）Manyastudent_thatmistakebefore.A.hadmadeB.hasbeenmadeC.havemadeD.hasmade,3主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如clothes,trousers,glasses,compasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves等时，谓语用复数。

但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有apairof修饰时，谓语用单数。

Mytrousersarebeingwashednow.Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.,Thispairofshoes_madeinourfactory.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen,4“anumberof+名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；“thenumberof+名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。

Anumberofpupilslikereadingpicture-books.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis55.,2）Thenumberofstudentsthatyouhavemet_thelifeoftheteam.areB.isC.wereD.be,1）Anumberofstudents_fromthesouth.A.areB.isC.haveD.has,成对的名词，如breadandbutter涂黄油的面包，sodaandwater汽水，coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡，aimandend目的，saltandwater盐开水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。

Aknifeandforkisonthetable.,特殊知识点,2在定语从句中主语是关系代词who,that,which,谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。

I,whoamyourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.,ItisnotIwho_wrong.isB.areC.amD.hasbeen,He,who_yourgoodfriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrows.wasB.areC.isD.am,3主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。

TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.,1）TheArabianNights_wellknowntoEnglishlovers.A.isbeingB.areC.wereD.is,2）TheUnitedStates_foundedin1776.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are,4主语是表示数量的“oneandahalf+复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式。

主语是“oneortwo+复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式。

Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.ThereareoneortwothingsIdliketoknowabout.,1）Oneandahalfapples_onthetable.isleavingB.isleftC.areleftD.left,2）Oneorperhapsmorepages_missing.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen,5主语是“eachof”，“neitherof”，“eitherof”，“oneof”等时，其谓语用单数。

Eachofthemhashisownduty.,6用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。

I_theninthletteroftheEnglishAlphaber.A.areB.beC.isD.am,7。

在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语，则who或that后面的谓语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。

ItisMikewhoalwayshelpsmestudymathsafterclass.,8。

wish后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，如表示与现在事实相反，无论主语是单数还是复数，be动词用were。

IwishIweretenyearsyounger,9。

youth作“青年们”解作主语时，谓语用复数。

TheyouthofChinatodayaredoingtheirbesttostudymodernscienceandtechnology.,10。

主语是a/this/thatkindof+名词，谓语用单数形式，主语指的不是一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。

Thiskindofclothfeelssoft.Therearedifferentkindsofanimals.,