英语音标及字母组合对照文档格式.doc
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ə
Λ
u:
ʊ
ɔ:
旧
i
ə:
u
ɒ
ɑ:
eI
aI
ɔI
əʊ
aʊ
Iə
eə
ʊə
ɔ
ei
ai
ɔi
əu
au
iə
εə
uə
Consonants
辅音
无变化
p
b
t
d
k
g
f
v
s
z
ϑ
ð
m
n
ŋ
l
r
h
w
j
∫
ʒ
t∫
dʒ
tr
dr
ts
dz
英语音标及字母组合对照
序号
音标
字母
例词
1
ee
threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseek
ea
eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplease
hesheme
ie
piece
receiveceiling
2
[I]
sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmiss
y
mythmanytwentyhappydictionary
Defectdecide
ui
a
3
[æ
]
baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman
4
[e]
headbreadpleasure
elephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyes
manyany
5
[ε:
ir
girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird
ur
turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburger
ear
learnearnearthheard
er
termhernerdserve
or
workwormworkworld
6
[ε]
teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowder
doctoractormayorauthortractor
ou
deliciousgraciouspleasure
ar
familiarcollardollar
o
togethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolite
aroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchina
menlisten
famulusSaturday
7
[a:
carfarmcardarmgarden
fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm
8
[ʌ]
upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus
comemotherdosebrotherloveabove
troubleroughflourish
oo
bloodflood
9
[ɔ:
al
smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk
shortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstore
authorcaughtautumn
our
fourmourncourtbought
warmquarrelquarter
10
[ɔ]（[ɒ]）
hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot
wantwashwatch
11
[u:
foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetooth
shoedotwo
truetruthbluefullprude
12
[u]
lookgoodfootbookwood
shouldcould
putfullbullpullpush
womanwolf
13
[ei]
namecakelategateplaneApril
ay
playsaymayway
greatbreak
rainpaintplain
ey
theygrey
14
[ai]
bikefinefinddieninelightnighthigh
mytryflyeye
15
[au]
houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouse
ow
flowerdownnowcowhowtown
16
[εu]
homecoldgonophonehostghost
knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow
oa
boatcoatgoal
17
[ɔɪ]
oy
boytoyjoy
oi
oilsoilvoicechoice
18
[iε]
eer
beerdeer
earnear
herefierceidea
19
[ɛə]
pearbear
air
chairairfair
ere
therewhere
care
20
[uε][auə]
hourtour
ower
flowershower
[p]
potpigputpeoplepiano
[b]
bookbagbigjobbearbut
[t]
toothteacherteatabletask
[d]
dogdigduckdaddouble
[k]
keepcake
c
cakecatcupcap
ck
socks
[g]
grandpagirlgreengoodgod
[f]
fatherfatfootfullfit
[v]
V
fiveveryventdrivevary
[s]
S
smallstudybusyesmust
[z]
Z
jazzzoozeroclotheszig
[θ]
th
eighthforthtentheleventhninth
[δ]
thosethesethatthisthere
[ʃ]
sh
cashbushshakeshoeship
[ʒ]
sure
measurepleasureleisure
[tʃ]
chairchickenlunchchange
[dʒ]
jackjob
[tr]
treetrucktrain
[dr]
dressdrinkdrain
[ts]
studentscoatscats
[dz]
ds
bedsoddscodes
21
[m]
mummoonmorning
22
[n]
moonnutneedle
23
[ŋ]
ng
inklinkring
24
[h]
hellohurryhey
25
[l]
lookleglake
26
[r]
rainradioroom
27
[w]
windowwakeweek
28
[j]
yellowyesyou
x光透视，含有“克斯”音，英语[ks][ks][ks]。
qu[kw]
字母c在ce，ci，cy字母组合中，读[s]，其他情况读[s]
元音发音规则表：
1.单元音[i:
]seemebesheneedreadmealeatseatdeepkeep
开音节中的e[i:
]mebeshe
ee[i:
]seesleepdeepfeetneed
ea[i:
]readeatmealseat
2.单元音[i]initisfitpinbitkisssickmissfishrichlid
闭音节中的i[i]if,his,film（闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节）
闭音节中的y[i]sympathy,syllable,system,gym
位于词尾的y[i]city,pity,willingly,possibility
3.单元音[e]getletbedpenbestrestwetneverbetterbest
闭音节中的e[e]bed,peg,set,tell
ea[e]dead,heaven,feather
4.单元音[əe]hatcatratcapmapfatmanthankstampfact
闭音节中的a[əe]bad,lad,rat,cab
5.单元音[a:
]heartarmdarnfarmcartfastcardarkbarnpass
ar[a:
]arm,ark,lard,dark,car,card,hard,harm
6.单元音[כ]lotgotjobshopsoftsongtophotboxpotlock
闭音节中的o[כ]hot,got,not,lost,on,soft
7.[כ:
]tallfallwallPaulMaudwalkcallyawnthought
or[כ:
]or,sport,bored,horse,more,before
a（+ll或lk）[כ:
]all,fall,talk,walk
aw[כ:
]law,paw,draw,flaw,claw
8.单元音[u]cookbooklookputgoodfullfootwould
u[u]put,full,pull,push,sugar,cushion
oo[u]good,took,wood,wool,stood,bedroom
ou[u]could,would,should
9.单元音[u:
]toosoonrulebootfoolschoolsoupcoollosenew
oo[u:
]fool,booth,room,food
ou[u:
]soup,you,group
o[u:
]do,to,who
10.[۸]cupbusgunhutsungducklungluckcutstuck
闭音节中的u[۸]but,hunt,sun,duck,luck
闭音节中的o[۸]son,once,colour,other,money
ou[۸]rough,enough,touch,cousin,young
11.单元音[ə:
]shirthuntburngirlbirdnurseworkwormcurse
er[ə:
]herd,verb,mercy
ir[ə:
]thirty,shirt,third,fir
ur[ə:
]turn,church,burn,nurse,curse
or[ə:
]word,work,world,worse
ear[ə:
]heard,earth,search
12.单元音[ə]agoaboutasleepaboveagainamongmotherbrother
许多元音在非重读章节中读成[ə]，所以[ə]的拼写形式多种多样。
如：
about,sofa,doctor,colour,figure
13.双元音[ei]Maypaywaydaysamehaygreatgainpainspade
a[ei]save,face,pale
ay[ei]day,pay,may
ai[ei]wait,fail,strait
ea[ei]break,great
14.双元音[əu]nogosoholehoperoadhomeslowloadfoesoul
o[əu]go,hello,no,open,over,joking,October
oa[əu]coat,soap,boat,road,coast
ow[əu]snow,throw,blow,show,know,window
15.双元音[ai]byelietryeyecrydiemyfivetimeminelike
开音节中的i[ai]time,crime,rite,fine
igh[ai]high,might,night,light,bright
y[ai]cry,my,sky,fly,July,reply
ie[ai]eye,dye,bye
16.双元音[au]hownowcowoutmousedownhousebrownfound
ou[au]about,around,found,sound,mouse
ow[au]down,crowd,town,brown,now,how
17.双元音[כi]boyjoytoyvoicenoisejoincoinoilsoiltoil
oi[כi]oil,boil,join,coin,spoilt,voice,choice,noise
oy[כi]toy,boy,enjoy,destroy,annoy,loyal,employer
18.双元音[iə]earherefearheardearpiertearnearreallyidea
ear[iə]ear,dear,hear,clear,beard
ea[iə]idea,real,theatre
ere[iə]here,mere,severe
eer[iə]beer,queer,engineer
19.双元音[eə]carewearhairtherefaircarefulvarious
are[eə]care,share,fare,hare，careless
air[eə]air,fair,chair，repair
20.双元音[uə]toursurepoorpurecuretourist
ur[uə]cure,pure,fury
英语中元音和辅音（母音和子音）的分类表
英
语
音
标（采用口腔后部发声法发音）
发音特征
元
音*母音
单元音
声带振动
前元音：
/I:
][i][e][A]
发音清晰响亮
气流通畅
中元音：
[Q][E][E:
/\:
后元音：
[B:
][C:
][C][u:
][u]
振动
[ai][ei][Ci][iE][ZE/eE][uE][au][Eu]
辅
音*子音
哑辅音
不振动
[p][t][k]
[f][s][W][F]
[h]
[tF][tr][ts]
发音含糊晦涩
气流受阻
[b][d][g]
[v][z][T][V]
[r]
[dV][dr][dz]
[m][n][N]
[l]/[l]
[w][j]
辅音连缀
[pr][pl][br][bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl][sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw][hw][kw][tw][Wr][pju:
][bju:
][tju:
][dju:
][kju:
][gju:
][fju:
][vju:
][lju:
][mju:
][nju:
][hju:
][zju
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