《英美诗歌欣赏》课程教学大纲.docx
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《英美诗歌欣赏》课程教学大纲
《英美诗歌欣赏》课程教学大纲
TheCourseSyllabusofaCourseofBritishandAmericanPoetry
一、课程基本信息（BasicCourseInformation）
课程代码：
16221501
Coursecode:
16221501
课程名称：
英美诗歌欣赏
Coursename:
ACourseofBritishandAmericanPoetry
课程类别：
通识选修课
Coursetype:
LiberalCourse
学时：
16
Periods:
16
学分：
1
Credits:
1
适用对象：
全校各专业学生
Targetstudents:
Undergraduatesofallmajors
考核方式：
考查
Assessment:
Examination/Paper
先修课程：
大学英语I-II
Preparatorycourses:
CourseEnglishI-II
二、课程简介（BriefCourseIntroduction）
本课程为通识选修课，于每个学期开设，是提高全校学生人文素养的一门选修课程。
本课程介绍英美诗歌的主要类型：
叙事诗歌、抒情诗歌以及戏剧性诗歌。
着重讲述抒情诗歌的主要形式：
十四行、颂歌体、歌谣体以及挽歌体；介绍英语诗歌的要素：
音律以及押韵，遣词造句，修辞以及意象，象征以及寓言等知识，使学生能够比较系统了解英美诗歌的特点，能够初步运用英美诗歌知识进行简单的赏析。
ACourseofBritishandAmericanPoetryisaliberalcourseforstudentsoftheallmajors,aimingtoprovidethegeneralknowledgeofBritishandAmericanpoetry,deepentheunderstandingofEnglishandAmericanculture.ItintroducesthemajortypesofEnglishpoetry:
narrativepoetry,lyricpoetryanddramaticpoetry,elaboratesonlyricpoetry,specificallyintroducingsonnet,ode,songandelegy,focusesonthepoeticelements:
musicalityofthepoetry（sound,rhythmandmeter）,image,figuresofspeech,voice,dictionandsyntax,symbolandallegory.ThusthestudentscouldsystematicallyknowaboutthefeaturesofEnglishpoetry,basicallyenablingthemtoappreciateanEnglishpoem.
三、课程性质与教学目的
本课程旨在通过一学期的阅读、讲授及讨论，使学生对英美诗歌的类型、要素和主题有总体的了解，通晓英美诗歌的名篇和名家，并适当和中国诗歌作比较，并在掌握英美诗歌常识的基础上，进一步提高文化修养，理解中西诗歌的相异，加深对英语语言的文化内涵的认识，进一步深化对英美文化的洞察力。
在进一步了解英美诗歌之后，通过在形式、体裁、思想内容上对比认识，加深中国传统诗歌的理解，了解中华民族深厚且源远流长的文化传统，并探讨现今中国诗歌面临的问题，进而增强对现代中国文化的认识，建立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。
四、教学内容与要求
LectureOneNarrativePoetry:
Epic,BalladandRomance&DramaticPoetry
（一）目的与要求
1.Toknowaboutthetypesofnarrativepoetry
2.Toknowaboutthefeaturesofdramaticpoetry
3.Tounderstandthefunctionsofnarrativepoetryanddramaticpoetry
（二）教学内容
I.Narrativepoetry
A.Definition:
narrativepoemtellsastory.Itgivesaverbalrepresentationofasequenceofconnectedeventsandpropelscharactersthroughaplot.Itisalwaystoldbyanarrator.Ideally,anarrativepoemshouldbalancethestorywithpoetryandnotbemerelyastoryintheformofapoemwithaloosethreadofnarrativetotieittogether.
B.Typesofnarrativepoetry
1.Epic:
Theepicisabroadlydefinedgenreofpoetry,whichrecountsinacontinuousnarrativethelifeandactionofaheroicormythologicalpersonorgroupofpersons.Someepicschronicletheoriginsofacivilizationandembodyitscentralbeliefsandvalues.
2.Ballad:
Farlessambitiousthanepic,aballadisperhapsthemostpopularformofnarrativepoetry.Itisanarrativepoemorfolksongwhichtellsastoryinsimplecolloquiallanguage,usuallyinfour-linestanzaswiththesecondandfourthlinesrhymed.
3.Romance:
Romanceisprimarilymedievalfictioninverseorprosedealingwithadventuresofchivalryandlove.ItoriginallymeantaworkwrittenintheFrenchlanguage.ThethreecenturiesaftertheNormanConquestsawthelargescaleoftheintroductionofFrenchcultureandliterature,andthroughFrenchliteraturetheintroductionofItalianliterature.
II.Dramaticpoetry
A.Definition:
Theterm“dramaticpoetry”describesanyversewrittenforthestage.Itisanypoetrythatusesthediscourseofthecharactersinvolvedtotellastoryorportrayasituation.Itpresentsthevoiceofanimaginarycharacter（orcharacters）speakingdirectly,withoutanyadditionalnarrationbytheauthor.
B.Features:
Asitisemployedinplays,dramaticpoetryfunctionsagainstabackgroundofstagedirectionsandsettingsandisspokenbyactors.Itisalittlebithardforthereadertoreaddramaticpoetry.Hemustactivelyengageinitby“seeing”theunportrayedscene,providingthespeaker’sgestures,andgivinganswertotheunportrayedactionsofthecharacterbeingspokento.Asthereadersoactivelyengagesintheaction,heinstinctivelycomprehendsthecharacterthroughidentification,thustheprincipalpurposeofdramaticpoetryisachieved.
（三）思考与实践
MakeacomparisonbetweentheEnglishnarrativepoetryandChinesepoetry
（此问题引导学生对比中西诗歌源头产生的异同，认识中国传统叙事诗歌的产生来源于人民劳作生活的经验，非王侯将相的丰功伟绩，“勤劳”是中华民族天然的民族精神，应该继承和发扬。
）
（四）教学方法与手段
课堂讲授与多媒体教学
LectureTwoLyricPoetry
（一）目的与要求
1.ToknowaboutthedefinitionofEnglishlyricpoetry
2.ToknowaboutthetypesofEnglishlyricpoetry
3.Todistinguishbetweenthemajortypesoflyricpoetry
（二）教学内容
I.Lyricpoetry
A.Definition:
Lyricpoetryoriginallytakesitsnamefromsongssungbyindividualsorachorusaccompaniedbythelyre.ItisbelievedthatthelyricbeganinitsearlieststageinancientEgyptaround2600B.C.intheformsofelegies,odesorhymnsgeneratedoutofreligiousceremonies.
B.History:
ThefirstofthelyricpoetswasprobablyArchilochusofParos,whomighthavelivedinasearlyas700B.C.TheearliestsurvivinglyricpoemsintheWesterntraditionarearguablytheSongofSolomonandthePsalms.DuringtheMiddleAges,lyricpoetrywasdominatedbythecourtlylovetraditioninmostEuropeanlanguages.Itwasupper-classpoetryintendedforthecourtsofthenobility.
II.Typesoflyricpoetry
A.Sonnet:
Asonnetisafourteen-linepoem,writteniniambicpentameter,thatis,inlineswithtensyllables,withaccentsfallingoneverysecondsyllable.OriginatinginItalyinthe12thand13thcenturies,thesonnethadsincebecomethemostpopularandenduringformofversewhenPetrarchpublishedasequenceoflovesonnetsaddressedtoanidealizedwomannamedLaura.ThefirstEnglishsonneteer,ThomasWyattlearnedtheformduringtravelsinSpainandItaly.IntoEnglandWyattintroducedthesonnetwiththerhymeschemeabba,abba,cddc,ee.ItwasHenryHoward,EarlofSurrey,whogavethesonnetitsEnglishformwhichwasperfectlyusedlaterbyShakespearewiththerhymeschemeabab,cdcd,efef,gg.
B.Song:
Asongisashortlyricpoemintendedtobesettomusicineithervocalperformanceorwithaccompanimentofmusicalinstruments,thoughoftensuchpoemshavenomusicalsetting.ThelateElizabethanAge,towardstheendofthe16thcentury,wasconsideredthegreatageofsongwriting,thoughThomasWyattwasanearlierwriterofexcellentsongs.
C.Ode:
Theodeisaformoflyricpoeminwhichthepoethighlycelebratesaperson,athingoranevent.Itischaracterizedbyitslength,stanzaforms,styleandpurpose.TheodecanbedividedintoPindaricode,HoratianodeandCowleyanode.
D.Elegy:
InGreekandRomanpoetry,anelegywasapoemwritteninelegiacverse,i.e.coupletsconsistingofahexameterlinefollowedbyapentameterline.Theformdatesbacktothe7thcenturyB.C.inGreece.LatertakenupanddevelopedinRomanpoetry,itwaswidelyusedbyCatullus,Ovid,andotherLatinpoets.InEnglishpoetry,sincethe16thcentury,thetermelegydesignatesareflectivepoemoflamentationorregret,withnosetmetricalform,generallyofmelancholytone,oftenondeath.
（三）思考与实践
MakeacomparisonofEnglishlyricpoetryandChineselyricpoetryinTheBookofPoetry
（此问题引导学生思考中国传统抒情诗歌中的情感表达与英美诗歌的异同。
相对于英美抒情诗歌中对爱情、死亡等主题的关注，中国传统抒情诗歌更多关注普通劳动人民情感、苦难和悲欢离合，对自然的敬畏等等主题，体现中华民族热爱自然的天性。
诗歌作为一种文学形式，对比英美传统诗歌和中国传统诗歌，具有更“亲民”的特点。
）
（四）教学方法与手段
课堂讲授与多媒体教学
LectureThreeSound:
Rhyme,AlliterationandAssonance
（一）目的与要求
1.TohaveageneralknowledgeofmusicalityofEnglishpoetry
2.ToknowaboutthesounddevicesinEnglishpoetry
3.TodistinguishthesounddevicesinEnglishpoetry
（二）教学内容
I.Rhyme
A.Definition:
Rhymeistherepetitionofidenticalorsimilarterminalsyllablesindifferentwords.Itusuallyoccursinthelastsyllableorsyllablesoftwoormorelines.Therepetitionnormallyinvolvestheaccentedvowelsoundsandallsucceedingidenticalconsonantsounds.
B.Typesofrhyme:
1.Endrhyme.Thisnameisgiventothecorrespondingsoundswhentheyoccurattheendsoflines.
2.Internalrhyme.Itisarhymewithatleastoneoftherhymingsyllableswithintheline,theothermaybeattheend.
3.Masculinerhyme.Itisaone-syllablerepetitionofsound,asindelight/night/,word/bird.
4.Femininerhyme.Thisrhymeincludestwoconsecutivesyllableswhichcorrespond.Thefirststressedsyllableofthegroupistherhymingsyllableandisfollowedbyidenticalsounds,forexample,“mother/brother,master/faster.”
5.Triplerhyme.Inthisrhyme,thecorrespondenceofsoundiscarriedthroughthreeconsecutivesyllables.
II.Othertypesofsounddevices
A.Alliteration:
Alliterationisasuccessionofsimilarsounds.Itoccursintherepetitionofthesamevowelorconsonantsoundatthebeginningofsuccessivewordscalledinitialalliteration.
B.Assonance:
Assonanceistherepetitionofaccentedvowelsoundsfollowedbydifferentconsonantsounds.
C.Consonanceistherepetitionofthesameconsonantsoundsattheendofwords.Forexample,hatch/etch,home/same/,worth/breath.
D.Onomatopoeiaistheuseofwordsthatresemblethesoundstheydenote.
（三）思考与实践
Identifythesounddevicesinthepoemslistedbehindthislecture.
（此练习目的令学生认识英语诗歌语音的特点，了解英语诗歌各种押韵的用法；并在此基础上与中国传统诗歌的押韵做比较，以毛泽东的《长征》七律为例，体察中国诗歌押韵方式如何凸显这首诗歌中不畏艰难险阻的英雄主题。
）
（四）教学方法与手段
课堂讲授与多媒体教学
LectureFourRhythmandMeter
（一）目的与要求
1.ToknowabouttherhythmandmeterinEnglishpoetry
2.ToidentifysomebasictypesofmeterinEnglishpoetry
3.ToknowhowtomakescansionofEnglishpoems
（二）教学内容
I.Rhythm
Rhythmreferstoanysteadypatternofrepetition,particularlyaregularrecurrenceofaccentedorunaccentedsyllablesatequalintervals.Itisthebasisforpoetry’smusicaleffect.Dependingonhowsoundsarearranged,therhythmofapoemmaybefastorslow,choppyorsmooth.Apoetnormallyusesrhythmtoframepleasurablesoundpatterns,toconstructamood,tocreatearesponsesuitabletothesenseofhiswor
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