湖南省雅礼教育集团学年高二上学期期中英语试题文档格式.docx

湖南省雅礼教育集团学年高二上学期期中英语试题文档格式.docx

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Youcaneithertravelorread,buteitheryourbodyorsoulmustbeontheway.Thepopularsayinghasinspiredmanypeopletoreadorgosightseeing.Travelingjustlikereading,isarefreshingjourneyfromthebusyworld.Books,brainfood,cankeepyoucompanyonyourtravel.

OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouac

Thebookisagloballypopularspiritualguidebookaboutyouth.ThemaincharacterinthebookdrivesacrosstheUScontinentwithseveralyoungpeopleandfinallyreachesMexico.Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersinthebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.ThebookcanbeagoodpartnerwithyoutoexploretheUnitedStates.

LifeisElsewhere,1975,byMilanKundera

Jean-JacquesRousseauoncesaid,“Manisbornfree,andeverywhereheisinchains.”Thebooktellsayoungartist’sromanticbutmiserablelife,abouthowhereads,dreams,andhasarelationship.Experiencetheartist’spassionatelifeinthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope.Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.

TheStoriesofSahara,1967,bySanmao

Thebooknarratestheauthor’ssimplebutadventurouslifeintheSaharaDesert,whichseemsadesolateanddullplace.Thefancynaturalsceneryandlifethere,alongwiththeauthor’sromanticandintensiveemotion,willinspireyoutoexplorethemysteriousland.Readingthebookislikeparticipatinginadialoguewiththeauthor,whoissincereandhumorous.

Lotus,2006byAnnbaby

ThisnovelsetinTibet,tellsthreepeople’sstories,eachwiththeiruniquecharacteristics.Itrevealsmodernpeople’semotionsandinnerlife,theirconfusionaboutlove,andexplorationofBuddhism.ThebookisagoodpartnertobringyoutothesacredlandTibet.

1．Whichbookisabouttheexplorationoflifevaluethroughajourney?

A．OntheRoad.B．LifeisElsewhere.

C．TheStoriesofSahara.D．Lotus.

2．WhosebookcouldbethemostsuitableforyourtriptoGermany?

A．JackKerouac’s.B．Sanmao’s.

C．Annbaby’s.D．MilanKundera’s.

3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A．LotusisareligiousbookexploringTibetanBuddhistculture.

B．OntheroadadvisesaclassicroutefordrivingacrosstheUS.

C．ThestoriesofSahararecordsitsauthors’ownlifeinthedesert.

D．LifeisElsewheredemonstratesJean-JacquesRousseau’sownlife.

RodneySmithisamanwithatask.TheBermudanativeisinthemidstofatripthatwilltakehimtoeverystateinthenation,mowinglawns（修理草坪）.

Fiveyearsago，Smithcameacrossaseniormanmowinghislawnandstoppedtohelp.“WhenIcameacrosstheelderlyman,mylifechanged，”hesaid.Afterthat,SmithwentontocreatetheRaisingMenLawnCareService（RMLCS）tomowlawnsfortheelderly，disabled，singlemomsandformersoldiersfreeofcharge.Aspartofprovidingfreeyardwork,theorganizationteacheschildrenaboutservingtheircommunitiesandlawnmowersafety.

AkeycomponentofRMLCSisits50-yardchallenge，whichsetsagoalforchildrennationwidetomow50lawnsforfreeintheircommunity.Whenakidsignsupforthechallenge,thegroupsendsthemawhiteshirtwiththeRaisingMenlogo（标识），shadesandearprotection.Theparticipantsreceiveadifferentcoloredshirtafterevery10thlawntheymow.Whentheyhavecompletedthetaskfor50yards，theyreceiveaspecialvisitfromSmithorsomeonewithRMLCS.Theygivethevolunteeranewlawnmower,freeofcharge,andcutotherlawnswiththem.

Sincethischallengestartedin2016，12kidshavealreadycompletedthechallenge.Andbothboysandgirlsarepartofit.Atpresenttheyhave130kidsnationwidetakingpartinthischallenge，including7inBermudaandtheU.K.andoneinCanada.Soit5sspreadingworldwide.EventheQueenofEnglandtooknotice—thegovernorofBermudapresentedSmithwithanawardlatelastyearonbehalfofher.

ItwasalsolastyearthatSmithcameupwiththe50States50Lawnscampaign.Now,in2018，he’sontheroadagain.

4．WhatisthepurposeoftheRaisingMenLawnCareService?

A．Educatechildrentoworkhard.

B．Offerfreelawncuttingservice.

C．Makelawnmowersofhighquality.

D．Trainprofessionallawnmowingworkers.

5．Whatindicatesachildcompletingthe50-yardchallenge?

A．AvisittoRMLCS.

B．TheRaisingMenlogo.

C．Awhiteshirtandearprotection.

D．AnewlawnmowerfromRMLCS.

6．WhyistheQueenofEnglandmentioned?

A．Topraisethequeenforhercare.

B．ToproveSmithisrespectedbyeveryone.

C．ToshowSmith’sbehaviorgotrecognized.

D．TointroducewhereSmith’smotivationcamefrom.

7．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．MowLawnsinOrdertoTravel

B．LawnMowing—aNewTrend

C．ChooseMowingLawnstoHelp

D．Smith—aManLovesMowingLawns

Ifyouhaveadog,you’veprobablytriedtotrainit.Therearesomebasics,suchassitting,stavingnotgoingtothebathroomonyourrugs.Andifyourdoglearnsthingsquickly,youmightstarttothinkit’sreallysmart.Butifyoureallywanttoknowaboutdogintelligence,youhavetolookatnon-dogsaswelltounderstandwhat’sspecialtodogsandwhatisjusttypicalofgroupstheybelongto.

StephenLea.aretiredprofessorofpsychologyfromtheUniversityofExeter,andhisteamlookedathundredsofpublishedstudiestocomparedogcognition（认知）withthatofotheranimals.Theyfoundthatdogsaregoodatpickinguponsocialcommands.

Leaexplained,“Theyaregood,forexample,atusinghumanpointingorfollowinghumangaze,lookingatwhatyou’relookingat.We’renotsayingdogsaren’tgoodatthosetasks,theyare.Whatweweresayingisthattherearesomeotheranimalsthatarejustasgoodatthem,likebottle-nosedolphinsandgrayseals.”

Leaalsosaid,“It’snotsomethingthat’suniquetodogsorindeedveryunexpectedindogs,giventhesortsofanimalsdogsare.Inotherwords,they’redomesticated（驯化的）.They’reoriginalfromsocialhunters.Andimportantly,they’recarnivores（食肉动物）.Theybelongtoabiggroupofmammalsthatalsoincludescats,hyenas,otters,bears,andalsothesealsandsealions,whichwesometimesforgetabout,butwhich,ofcourse,arealsoveryeasytotraindespitenotbeingdomesticated.”

Andwhiledogcognitionmaynotactuallybeexceptional,theirnosesdefinitelyare.Theirsenseofsmell—theycantelltheextraordinarythings,likewhichoftwoidenticaltwinsthey’relookingatorsniffing（嗅）at.Leaalsopointsouttherearesometasksthatdogsapparentlycannotdo,suchasusingtoolsorexhibitingself-awareness.However,hesaid,“There’salwaysthepossibilitythatsomeone,somewhereisatthismomenttryingtoprovethatadogcandosomethingthatwesaiditcouldn’t.Butifyoucanfindit,wewillhappilychangeourminds.”

8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesLeaagreewithinthepassage?

A．Dogscanusetoolsandexhibitself-awareness.

B．Dogsarealsothoughttobecleverevenifknowingfewbasiccommands.

C．Dogsarebetteratcomprehendinghumanpointingthanbottle-nosedolphins.

D．Dogscantellsimilarthingslikewhichoftwoidenticaltwinsthey’relookingat.

9．Howdodogsgettheabilityofpickinguponsocialcommands?

A．Dogsarebornwiththeability.

B．Dogscopyotheranimals’behavior.

C．Dogsaredomesticatedbyhumanbeings.

D．Dogsaretaughttheabilitybytheirparents.

10．WhatisLea’sattitudetowardstheopinionswhicharedifferentfromhis?

A．Neutral.B．Positive.C．Doubtful.D．Negative.

11．Whatistheappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A．Thewaytoevaluateadog’sIQ.

B．Thewaytodomesticateasmartdog.

C．Thewaytoimproveadog’scognition.

D．Thewaytostudyadog’ssmell.

Adecade-longstudy,alsothefirstmajorresearchintoairpollutionanddiseasehasshownthatlivingnearamainroadincreasestheriskofdementia.Thestudyof6.6millionpeoplefoundthatonein10dementiadeathsinpeoplelivingwithin50metersofabusyroadwasduetowastegasandnoise.

Airpollutionisalreadyknowntocontributetothedeathsofaround40,000peopleinBritaineachyearbyworseningbreathingandheartconditions,whilepreviousresearchshowedemissionscancausebrainshrinkage.ButthenewstudybyCanadianpublichealthscientistsisthefirsttofindalinkbetweenlivingclosetoheavytrafficandtheincreasingofdementia,adiscoverydescribedas“believable”and“impressive”byBritishexperts.

DrHongChensaid,“Ourstudysuggeststhatbusyroadscouldbeasourceofenvironmentalstressorsthatcouldgiverisetotheonsetofdementia.Populationgrowthandurbanizationhasplacedmanypeopleclosetoheavytraffic,andwithwidespreadexposuretoheavytrafficandgrowingratesofdementia,evenamodesteffectfromnear-roadexposurecouldcausealargepublichealthburden.Moreresearchtounderstandingthislinkisneeded,particularlyintotheeffectsofdifferentaspectsoftraffic,suchasairpollutantsandnoise.”

Inthenewstudy,theteamtrackedalladultsagedbetween20and85livinginOntarioformorethanadecadefrom2001to2012.Theyusedpostcodestodeterminehowclosepeoplelivedtoamainroadandanalyzedmedicalrecordstoseeiftheywentontodevelopdementia,Parkinson’sdiseaseormultiplesclerosis.

WhiletherewasnocorrelationbetweenlivingneararoadandParkinson’sdiseaseormultiplesclerosis,dementiariskreducedaspeoplelivedfurtherfromamainroad,witha7percenthigherriskindevelopingdementiaamongthoselivingwithin50metres:

a4percenthigherriskat50-100metresanda2percenthigherriskat101—200metres.After200metrestherewasnoincrease.Researchersbelievethatnoiseoftrafficmayalsoplayaroleintheraisedriskaswellasotherurbanpollution,whichisoftenpresentnear