定语从句讲解及练习(含答案).doc
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Unit1Attributiveclause
定语从句讲解与练习
一.定义:
在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:
1.先行词:
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
2.关联词:
1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。
2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:
that,which,who,whom,whose代指先行词。
关系副词:
when,where,why作时间状语。
三.基本结构:
先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分
四.关系代词的用法:
1.that和which
that指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
Hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakesTVsets.
Whowashurtintheaccidentthat/whichhappenedyesterday?
Thecoat(which/that)Iputonthedeskisblack.
注意:
TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.(在介词后面不能用that)
2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:
1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用that
Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.
2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that
Thechildrenlikethesecondlessonthatisabout“TheFootballMatch”.
3)先行词被theonly,thevery或thesame等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。
Itistheonlyword(that)Iknowinthepassage.
Whereistheverybook(that)Iboughtjustnow?
Thisisthe(same)bicycle(that)Ilost.
4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用that
Iwanteverything(that)Iwant.
Iamwritingtotellyouaboutsomethingverystrangethathappenedtomelastweek.
5)先行词被不定代词all,any,no,every,little,much,many修饰时,只能用that
Hereisallthemoney(that)Ihave.
6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that
Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Iseeintheroom.
7)定语从句所修饰的词为theone时,定语从句用that引导
Isittheone(that)youwant?
8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that引导定语从句
Whoisthegirlthatwonthefirstplace?
3.who和whom
who指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。
Whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不能省略。
WhoistheteacherthatXiaoLiistalkingto?
ThedoctorwithwhomshewenttotheUnitedStateslastmonthisveryfamous.
=Thedoctorwho/whom/thatshewenttotheUnitedStateswithlastmonthisveryfamous.
五.关系副词的用法:
1. when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.when=onwhich
2.where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.
3.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.
Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool.
㈠.单项选择
1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.
A.that B.who C.whom D.this
2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.
A.whom B.which C.who D./
3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.
A.that B.whose C.which D.as
4.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?
A.theone B.which C.who D.whom
5.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.
A.which B.that C./ D.it
6.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.
A.which B.inwhich C.that D.all
7.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.
A.which B.whom C.whose D.this
8.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.
A.whom B.who C./ D.he
9.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.
A.wholivenextdoor B.whichlivesnextdoor
C.whomlivesnextdoor D.thatlivesnextdoor
10Heisthemostcarefulboy_____Iknow.
A.what B.which C.as D./
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