定语从句讲解及练习(含答案).doc

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定语从句讲解及练习(含答案).doc

Unit1Attributiveclause

定语从句讲解与练习

一.定义:

在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

二.特点:

1.先行词:

定语从句所修饰的名词或代词

2.关联词:

1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。

可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。

2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。

关系代词:

that,which,who,whom,whose代指先行词。

关系副词:

when,where,why作时间状语。

三.基本结构:

先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分

四.关系代词的用法:

1.that和which

that指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。

Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。

Hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakesTVsets.

Whowashurtintheaccidentthat/whichhappenedyesterday?

Thecoat(which/that)Iputonthedeskisblack.

 注意:

TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.(在介词后面不能用that)

2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:

1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用that

Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.

2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that

Thechildrenlikethesecondlessonthatisabout“TheFootballMatch”.

3)先行词被theonly,thevery或thesame等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。

Itistheonlyword(that)Iknowinthepassage.

Whereistheverybook(that)Iboughtjustnow?

Thisisthe(same)bicycle(that)Ilost.

4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用that

Iwanteverything(that)Iwant.

Iamwritingtotellyouaboutsomethingverystrangethathappenedtomelastweek.

5)先行词被不定代词all,any,no,every,little,much,many修饰时,只能用that

Hereisallthemoney(that)Ihave.

6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that

Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Iseeintheroom.

7)定语从句所修饰的词为theone时,定语从句用that引导

Isittheone(that)youwant?

8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that引导定语从句

Whoisthegirlthatwonthefirstplace?

3.who和whom

who指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。

Whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不能省略。

WhoistheteacherthatXiaoLiistalkingto?

ThedoctorwithwhomshewenttotheUnitedStateslastmonthisveryfamous.

=Thedoctorwho/whom/thatshewenttotheUnitedStateswithlastmonthisveryfamous.

五.关系副词的用法:

1. when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语

IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.when=onwhich

2.where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。

ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.

3.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.

Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool.

㈠.单项选择

1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.

A.that B.who C.whom D.this

2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.

A.whom B.which C.who D./

3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.

A.that B.whose C.which D.as

4.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?

A.theone B.which C.who D.whom

5.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.

A.which B.that C./ D.it

6.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.

A.which B.inwhich C.that D.all

7.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.

A.which B.whom C.whose D.this

8.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.

A.whom B.who C./ D.he

9.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.

A.wholivenextdoor B.whichlivesnextdoor

C.whomlivesnextdoor D.thatlivesnextdoor

10Heisthemostcarefulboy_____Iknow.

A.what B.which C.as D./

3

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