常用临床医学术语5.docx

常用临床医学术语5.docx

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常用临床医学术语5

●DateofAdmission[入院日期]

●DateofDischarge[出院日期]

●PirncipalDiagnosis[主要诊断]

●SecondaryDiagnosis[次要诊断]

●Complications[并发症]

●Operation[手术名称]

●ReasonforAdmission[入院理由]

●PhysicalFindings[阳性体征]

●Lab/X-rayFindings[化验及放射报告]

●HospitalCourse[住院诊治经过]

●Condition[出院状况]

●Disposition[出院去向]

●Medications[出院用药]

●Prognosis[预后]

●SpecialInstructiontothePatient（diet,physicalactivity）[出院指导（饮食，活

●动量）]

●Follow-upCare[随随访]

6、住院/出院病历首页[Admission/dischargerecord]

·Patientname[病人姓名]

·race[种族]

·address[地址]

·religion[宗教]

·medicalservice[科别]

·admit（discharge）date[入院（出院）日期]

·Lengthofstay[住院天数]

·guarantorname[担保人姓名]

·nextofkinorpersontonotify[需通知的亲属姓名]

·relationtopatient[与病人关系]

·previousadmitdate[上次住院日期]

·admittingphysician[入院医生]

·attendingphgsician[主治医生]

·admittingdiagnosis[入院诊断]

·final（principal）diagnosis[最终（主要）诊断]

·secondarydiagnosis[次要诊断]

·adversereactions（complications）[副作用（合并症）]

·incisiontype[切口类型]

·healingcourse[愈合等级]

·operative（non-operative）procedures[手术（非手术）操作]

·nosocomialinfection[院内感染]

·consutants[会诊]

·Critical-No.oftimes[抢救次数]

·recovered-No.oftimes[成功次数]

·Diagnosisqualitativeanalysis[诊断质量]

OP.adm.anddischargeDxconcur[门诊入院与出院诊断符合率]

ClinicalandpathologicalDxconcur[临床与病理诊断符合率]

Pre-andpost-operativeDxconcur[术前术后诊断符合率]

·Dxdeterminedwithin24hours（3days）afteradmission[入院后24小时（3

天）内确诊]

·Dischargestatus[出院状况]

recovered[治愈]

improved[好转]

notimproved[未愈]

died[死亡]

·Dispositon[去向]

home[家]

againstmedicalad[自动出院]

autosy[尸检]

transferredto[转院到]

第十八章附录[Appendix]

附1常用解剖术语[anatomicterms]

1、总论[Introduction]

·superior[上]

·inferior[下]

·Cranial[头侧]

·Caudal[尾侧]

·anterior[前]

·posterior[后]

·ventral[腹侧]

·dorsal[背侧]

·medial[内侧]

·lateral[外侧]

·internal[内]

·external[外]

·superficial[浅]

·profundal[深]

·proximal[近侧]

·distal[远侧]

·ulnar[尺侧]

·radial[桡侧]

·tibial[胫侧]

·fibular[腓侧]

2、运动系统[locomotor（kinetic）system]

·vertebrae[椎骨]

·cervicalvevtebrae[颈椎]

·thoracicvertebrae[胸椎]

·lumbarvertebrae[腰椎]

·sacrum[骶骨]

·sternum[胸骨]

·rib[肋骨]

·thoraciccage[胸廓]

·skull[颅]

·frontalbone[额骨]

·parietalbone[顶骨]

·occipitalbone[枕骨]

·temporalbone[颞骨]

·sphenoidbone[蝶骨]

·ethmoidbone[筛骨]

·mandible（submaxilla）[下颌骨]

·maxilla（supermaxilla）[上颌骨]

·nasalbone[鼻骨]

·coronal（sagital,lambdoid）suture[冠状（矢状，人字）缝]

·orbit[眶]

·clavicle[锁骨]

·scapula（shoulderblade）[肩胛骨]

·sternum（breastbone）[胸骨]

·manubriumsterni（presternum）[胸骨柄]

·midsternum[胸骨体]

·xiphoid[剑突]

·humerus[肱骨]

·radius[桡骨]

·ulna[尺骨]

·carpalbone[腕骨]

·metacarpalbone[掌骨]

·phalanges[指（趾）骨]

·hipbone[髋骨]

·ilium[髂骨]

·ischium[坐骨]

·pubis[耻骨]

·femur[股骨]

·patella[髌骨]

·tibia[胫骨]

·fibula[腓骨]

·articulation[关节]

·ligament[韧带]

·flexion[屈]

·extension[伸]

·adduction[收]

·abduction[展]

·medialrotation[旋内]

·lateralrotation[旋外]

·pronation[旋前]

·supination[旋后]

·circumductoin[环转]

·vertebralcolumn[脊柱]

·intervertebraldisc[椎间盘]

·temporal-mandibularjoint[颞下颌关节]

·shoulderjoint[肩关节]

·elbowjoint[肘关节]

·radiocarpaljoint[肩关节]

·radiocarpaljoint[桡腕关节]

·pelvis[骨盆]

·hipjoint[髋关节]

·kneejoint[膝关节]

·anklejoint[踝关节]

·muscle[肌肉]

·tendon[肌腱]

·fascia[筋膜]

·tendinoussheath[腱鞘]

·trapezius[斜方肌]

·latissimusdorsi[背阔肌]

·sternocleidomastoid[胸锁乳突的]

·scalenus[斜角肌]

·pectoralismajor[胸大肌]

·intercostales[肋间肌]

·diaphragm[膈肌]

·inguinalcanal[腹股沟管]

·masseter[咬肌]

·temporalis[颞肌]

·deltoid[三角肌]

·bicepsbrachii[肱二头肌]

·tricepsbrachii[肱三头肌]

·axillaryfossa[腑窝]

·gluteusmaximus[臀大肌]

·piriformis[梨状肌]

·sartorius[缝匠肌]

·quadricepsfemoris[股四头肌]

·tricepssurae[小腿三头肌]

·femoraltriangle[股三角]

3、内脏[Viscera]

·viscera[内脏]

·oralcavity[口腔]

·lip[唇]

·cheek[颊]

·palate[腭]

·tooth[牙]

·dentes[牙]

·tongue[舌]

·parotidgland[腮腺]

·pharynx[咽]

·esophagus[食管]

·stomachgaster[胃]

·duodenum[十二指肠]

·jejunum[空肠]

·ileum[回肠]

·largeintestine[大肠]

·caecum[盲肠]

·vermiform（appendix）[阑尾]

·colon[结肠]

·rectum[直肠]

·analcanal[肛管]

·dentateline[齿状线]

·anus[肛门]

·liver（hepar）[肝]

·portahepatis[肝门]

·gallblader[胆囊]

·pancreas[胰]

·nose[鼻]

·nasalcavity[鼻腔]

·paranasalsinus[鼻旁窦]

·larynx[喉]

·laryngealcavity[喉腔]

·vocalcord[声带]

·trachea[气管]

·bronchi[支气管]

·lung[肺]

·pulmonary[肺的]

·pleura[胸膜]

·mediastinum[纵隔]

·kidney[肾]

·renalpilvis[肾盂]

·ureter[输尿管]

·urinarybladder[膀胱]

·urethra[尿道]

·testis[睾丸]

·epididymis[附睾]

·ductusdeferens[输精管]

·spermaticcord[精索]

·prostate[前列腺]

·scrotum[阴囊]

·penis[阴茎]

·ovary[卵巢]

·uterinetube[输卵管]

·uterus[子宫]

·vagina[阴道]

·clitoris[阴蒂]

·mamma（breast）[乳房]

·mammarypapilla（nipple）[乳头]

·perineum[会阴]

·pelvicdiaphragm[盆膈]

·peritoneum[腹膜]

·omentum[网膜]

4、心血管系统[Cardiovascularsystem]

·heart[心]

·artery[动脉]

·vein[静脉]

·capillary[毛细血管]

·atrium[心房]

·ventricle[心室]

·tricuspidvalve[三尖瓣]

·bicuspidvalve[二尖瓣]

·aorticvalve[主动脉瓣]

·pulmonaryvalve[肺动脉瓣]

·sinuatrialnode[窦房结]

·atrioventricularnode[房室结]

·atrioventricularbundle[房室束]

·right/leftbundlebranch[右/左束支]

·coronaryartery[冠状动脉]

·coronarysinus[冠状窦]

·pericardium[心包]

·aorta[主动脉]

·innominateartery[无名动脉（头臂干）]

·commoncarotidartery[颈总动脉]

·carotidsinus[颈动脉窦]

·internal（external）carotidartery[颈内（外）动脉]

·facialartery[面动脉]

·subclavianartery[锁骨下动脉]

·mesentericartery[肠系膜动脉]

·commoniliacartery[髂总动脉]

·poplitealartery[腘动脉]

·venacava[腔静脉]

·internaljugularvein[颈内静脉]

·cephalicvein[头静脉]

·basilicvein[贵要静脉]

·saphenousvein[隐静脉]

·lymphaticduct[淋巴导管]

·thoracicduct[胸导管]

·lymphnode[淋巴结]

·spleen[脾]

·thymus[胸腺]

5、感觉器[senseorgans]

·sensoryorgan[感觉器]

·receptor[感受器]

·visualorgan[视器]

·eyeball[眼球]

·cornea[角膜]

·sclera[巩膜]

·choroid[脉络膜]

·ciliarybody[睫状体]

·iris[虹膜]

·retina[视网膜]

·opticdisc[视神经盘]

·maculalutea[黄斑]

·aqueoushumor[房水]

·lens[晶状体]

·vitreousbody[玻璃体]

·eyelid[眼睑]

·conjunctiva[结膜]

·lacrimalgland[泪腺]

·vestibulocochlearorgan[前庭蜗器]

·ear（auris）[耳]

·auricle[耳廓]

·acousticmeatus[耳道]

·tympaniccavity[鼓室]

·tympanicmembrane[鼓膜]

·pharyngotympanictube[咽鼓管]

·bony（membranous）labyrinth[骨（膜）迷路]

·vestibule[前庭]

·semicircularcanal[半规管]

·cochlea[耳蜗]

·cochlearduct[蜗管]

·olfactoryorgan[嗅器]

·gustatoryorgan[味器]

·tastebud[味蕾]

·skin[皮肤]

6、神经系统[Nervoussystem]

·centralnervoussystem[中枢神经系统]

·peripheralnervoussystem[周围神经系统]

·visceralnerve[内脏神经]

·afferentnerve[传入神经]

·efferentnerve[传出神经]

·neuron[神经元]

·axon[轴突]

·dendrite[树突]

·glia[神经胶质]

·graymatter[灰质]

·whitematter[白质]

·cortex[皮质]

·madulla[髓质]

·nucleus[神经质]

·ganglion[神经节]

·fasciculus[神经束]

·nerve[神经]

·spinalnerve[脊神经]

·cervicalplexus[颈丛]

·brachialplexus[臂丛]

·lumbarplexus[腰丛]

·sacralplexus[骶丛]

·phrenicnerve[膈神经]

·mediannerve[正中神经]

·ulnarnerve[尺神经]

·radialnerve[桡神经]

·femoralnerve[股神经]

·ischiaticnerve[坐骨神经]

·commonperonealnerve[腓总神经]

·cranialnerve[颅（脑）神经]

·olfactorynerve[嗅神经]

·opticnerve[视神经]

·oculomotornerve[动眼神经]

·trochlearnerve[滑车神经]

·trigeminalverve[三叉神经]

·abducentnerve[展神经]

·facialnerve[面神经]

·vestibulocochlearnerve[前庭蜗神经]

·glossopharyngealnerve[舌咽神经]

·vagusnerve[迷走神经]

·accessarynerve[副神经]

·hypoglossalnerve[舌下神经]

·autonomicnervoussystem[自主神经]

·vegetativenervoussystem[植物神经]

·sympatheticnerve[交感神经]

·parasympatheticnerve[副交感神经]

·spinalcord[脊髓]

·encephalon（brain）[脑]

·brainstem[脑干]

·medullaoblongata[延髓]

·pons[脑桥]

·mesencephalon[中脑]

·midbrain[中脑]

·cerebellum[小脑]

·diencephalon[间脑]

·thalamus[丘脑]

·hypothalamus[下丘脑]

·hypophysis[垂体]

·telencephalon[端脑]

·cerebrum[大脑]

·cerebralcortex[大脑皮质]

·corpusstriatum[纹状体]

·internalcapsule[内囊]

·spinothalamictract[皮质脊髓束]

·mediallemniscus[内侧丘系]

·laterallemniscus[外侧丘系]

·spinallemniscus[脊髓丘系]

·trigeminallemniscus[三叉丘系]

7、体表标记[Anatomicmarks]

·naso-labialgroove[鼻唇沟]

·suprasternalfossa[胸骨上窝]

·supraclavicularfossa[锁骨上窝]

·infraclavicularfossa[锁骨下窝]

·armpit（axillaryfossa）[腋窝]

·midsternal（midian）line[胸骨中线（正中线）]

·anteriormidianline[前正中线]

·parasternalline[胸骨旁线]

·midclavicularline[锁骨中线]

·mammillary（nipple,milk）line[乳线]

·posterior（mid-,anterior）axillaryline[腋后（中，前）线]

·scapularline[肩胛线]

·midspinalline[脊柱中线]

·dorsomedianline[后正中线]

·lineaparavertebralis[脊椎旁线]

·theleft（right）upperabdomen（quadrant）[左（右）上腹]

·epigastrium[上腹部]

·themiddleabdomen[中腹部]

·thelowerabdomen[下腹部]

·lineapararectalis[腹直肌旁线]

·anteriorsuperiorspine[髂前上棘]

·symphysispubis（symphysion）[耻骨联合]

·ischialtuberosity[坐骨结节]

·groin（inguen）[腹股沟]

·poplitealfossa[腘窝]

·upperextremity（limb）[上肢]

·lowerextremity（limb）[下肢]

·posteriorsuperiorspine[髂后上嵴]

·anterior（dorsal）partofchest（前（后）胸部）

·scapularregion[肩胛区]

·anterior（posterior）fontanelle[前（后）囱]

附2医学英语常用前后缀

·a-[无，缺]

▲anemia[贫血]

▲atonia[无张力]

▲asymptomatic[无症状的]

▲amenorrhea[闭经]

·ab-[分离]

▲abduct[外展]

▲abscision[切除]

·acou（acu）-[听觉]

▲acumeter[听力计]

▲acouophone[助听器]

·acro-[肢端]

▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]

▲acromastitis[乳头炎]

·ad（af,an）-[邻近，向上]

▲adrenal[肾上腺]

▲adaxial[近轴的]

▲annexa[附件]

·-ad[……侧]

▲ventrad[向腹侧]

▲cephalad[向头侧]

·adeno-[腺]

▲adenocyte[腺细胞]

▲adenoidism[腺体病]

·adipo-[脂肪]

▲adiposis[肥胖症]

▲adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]

·adreno-[肾上腺]

▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]

▲adrenalin[肾上腺素]

▲adrenal[肾上腺]

·-aemia（emia）[血症]

▲bacteremia[菌血症]

▲leukemia[白血病]

·-albi（albino）-[白色]

▲albumin[白蛋白]

▲albinism[白化病]

·-algesia[痛觉]

▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]

·-algia[痛]

▲arthralgia[关节痛]

▲cephalgia[头痛]

▲neuralgia[神经痛]

·alkali-[碱]

▲alkalosis[碱中毒]

·alveo-[牙槽，小沟]

▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]

▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]

·ambi-[复，双]

▲ambiopia[复视]

▲ambivert[双重性格]

·ambly-[弱]

▲amblyopia[弱视]

▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]

·amylo-[淀粉]

▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]

▲amylase[淀粉酶]

·angio-[血管]

▲angiography[血管造影术]

▲angioedema[血管性水肿]

▲angeitis[脉管炎]

▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]

·ante-[前]

▲antenatal[出生前的]

▲anteflexion[前屈]

·antero-[前]

▲anterolateral[前侧壁]

▲anteroventral[前腹侧]

·anti-[抗，反]

▲antibiotics[抗生素]

▲antihypertensives[降压药]

▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]

·rarchno-[蛛网膜]

▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎