精选初中九年级上册科学1 电能的获得和转化华师大版复习特训含答案解析七十七.docx

精选初中九年级上册科学1 电能的获得和转化华师大版复习特训含答案解析七十七.docx

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精选初中九年级上册科学1电能的获得和转化华师大版复习特训含答案解析七十七

2019年精选初中九年级上册科学1电能的获得和转化华师大版复习特训-含答案解析七十七

第1题【单选题】

如果测定标有“2.5V”字样的小灯泡的额定功率，那么两个电表的量程最好选用（）

A、电压表选“0﹣15V”，电流表选“0﹣3A”

B、电压表选“0﹣15V”，电流表选“0﹣0.6A”

C、电压表选“0﹣3V”，电流表选“0﹣3A”

D、电压表选“0﹣3V”，电流表选“0﹣0.6A”

【答案】：

【解析】：

第2题【单选题】

如图所示，电源的输出电压恒定不变，现将一个灯泡L接在离电源很近的AB两点时，灯泡L消耗的功率为25W，若将灯泡L接在离电源较远的CD两点时，灯泡L消耗的功率为16W。

则输电导线AC、BD上消耗的功率为（）

A、1W

B、2W

C、4W

D、9W

【答案】：

【解析】：

第3题【单选题】

下列用电器在正常工作时，消耗的电功率最大的是（）

A、手机

B、液晶电视机

C、电热水壶

D、家用洗衣机

【答案】：

【解析】：

第4题【填空题】

在物理实验中，经常要进行多次测量，其目的有两个：

①为了减小误差；②是为了寻找规律．在“测量小灯泡不同电压下的电功率”的实验中，多次测量的目的是______（选填“①”或“②”）；在“用电压表和电流表测量导体的电阻”的实验中，多次测量的目的是______（选填“①”或“②”）。

【答案】：

【解析】：

第5题【填空题】

两只水果点亮了一只发光二极管（如图），金属片A是水果电池的______（填“正极”或“负极”），两水果之

间______（填“串联”或“并联”），现将二极管正负极接线对调，二极管不发光，此时水果电池的正负极之间______填“有”或“没有”）电压．

【答案】：

【解析】：

第6题【解答题】

伏安法测量额定电压为2伏的小灯泡的额定功率，实验时按甲图连接电路，电源电压为3伏，移动滑动变阻器滑片，读出电压表和电流表示数绘制成I-U的图像如图乙。

根据乙图中数据，计算小灯泡的额定功率。

当小灯泡正常工作时，滑动变阻器接入电路的电阻为多大?

从乙图可知通电灯丝的电阻不恒定，实验中影响灯丝电阻变化的因素是______。

【答案】：

【解析】：

第7题【解答题】

如图是某款有加热和保温功能的电热饮水机电路原理图，机内有温控开关S0．该饮水机的部分参数已知：

额定电压为220V，加热时的总功率为880W，保温时的功率为40W，R1、R2为加热电阻丝．（假设它们的阻值不变）求：

（计算结果若不能整除，保留一位小数）

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当S和S0闭合时，饮水机处在什么状态？

此时电路的总电流是多大？

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在加热状态下，电阻丝R1的阻值为多少？

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