高三英语第一次模拟考试试题.docx

高三英语第一次模拟考试试题.docx

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高三英语第一次模拟考试试题

高三英语第一次模拟考试

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Doyouknowthetoysbelow?

Theywereonceamongthemostpopulartoys.

1960—EtchASketch

FrenchelectricianAndreCassagneshadtheideaofadrawingtoywithajoystick,aglassscreen,andaluminum（铝）powder.Usingthatidea,theOhioArtCo.launched（推出）theMagicScreenin1960,andyoucoulderasethepicturewithashakeofyourhands.Youcanstillfindthetoytoday.

1964—SuperBall

Whathappenswhenyouaccidentallycreateaplasticballthatjumps?

Thetoycompany,Wham-OInc.,buysyourideaanditendsupsellingmillions.That’sexactlywhathappenedtoNormanStingley,achemicalengineerwhocameuponSuperBall.Atonetime,Wham-Ohadtoproduceover170,000ballsadaytokeepupwiththedemand.Unbelievably,theNationalFootballGamenamedtheSuperBowlgame（awell-knownAmericanfootballgame）afterthisjumpingball.

1964—G.I.Joe

In1964,HasbrotoycompanycreatedG.I.Joe,alineofactionfiguresdesignedtorepresentthe4branchesoftheUSArmedForces—ActionSoldier（Army）,ActionSailor（Navy）,ActionPilot（AirForce）,andtheActionMarine（MarineCorps）.G.I.Joewasimaginedasanexcellentmilitaryunitdevotedtodefendingcitizens’freedomagainsttheevilpersons.Ithasattractedtheimaginationofboysaroundtheworld.

1965—Operation

Anunsteadyhandisyourdownfall（败落的原因）inthegameofOperation,whichwasinventedbyJohnSpinello,astudentattheUniversityofIllinois.Later,Spinellosoldhisrighttothetoytoawell-knowntoydesignerMarvinGlassforasumof$500.OperationiscurrentlymadebyHasbro,withestimatedsalesof$40million.

1.Whichtoyhasarelationshipwiththesportsevent?

A.EtchASketch.B.SuperBall.

C.G.I.Joe.D.Operation.

2.WhoprobablyaremostinterestedinG.I.Joe?

A.Thosefondofarts.

B.Thosefondofconstruction.

C.Thosefondofbravesoldiers.

D.Thosefondofkinddoctors.

3.IfyouwanttoplaywithOperationsuccessfully,youshould__________.

A.keepyourhandstable

B.havebetterteamwork

C.getNormanStingley’sguidance

D.haveajoystickandaglassscreen

B

Attentionmanagers:

thenexttimeyouneedtoinspireyourteamcreatively,bemoreattentivetoyouremployees’feelingswhenyoudelivernegativefeedback（反绩）.

Kim，whoworkedasasoftwareengineerforSamsungaftergraduationfromcollege,isfamiliarwithhavinghiscreativeworkpickedapart.“IpersonallyhatehearingnegativefeedbackasmostpeopledoandIwonderedifitreallyimprovedmyperformance,particularlywhenitcametocompletingcreativetasks.”Intwostudies,Kimfoundthatnegativefeedbackcanhelporpreventcreativity.Whatismostimportantiswherethecriticism（批评）comesfrom.

Whencreativeprofessionalsorparticipantsreceivedcriticismfromabossorapeer,theytendedtobelesscreativeintheirlaterwork.Interestingly,ifapersonreceivednegativefeedbackfromanemployeeoflowerrank,theybecamemorecreative.

Itmakessensethatemployeesmightfeelthreatenedbycriticismfromtheirmanagers.Supervisors（监督员；管理者）havealotofpowerindecidingpromotionsorpayraises.Sonegativefeedbackfromabossmi运itcausecareer（职业）anxiety.Italsostandstoreasonthatfeedbackfromaco-workermightalsobereceivedasthreatening.Weoftencompetewithourpeersforthesamepromotionsandchances.

WhatKimfoundmostsurprisingwashowcriticismprovedtoimprovesupervisorsthroughlessonslearnedfromnegativefeedbackthatcamefromtheirfollowers（employeesthattheymanage）.

“Butwetendtobelieveweshouldn’tcriticizetheboss，”saysKim.“Inreality，mostsupervisorsdon’tdetestnegativefeedbacksincetheywanttolearnfromit.Anotherreasonisthattheyareinanaturalpowerpositionandcandealwiththediscomfortofnegativefeedbackbetter.”

Asforgivingsuggestionstoemployees，bossesshouldpointoutafollower’spoorperformanceorweakpointsintime.Buttheyshouldkeeptheirfeedbackspecifictotasks.Explainhowthepointthey’rediscussingrelatestoonlytheirtaskbehavior,nottoaspectsoftheperson.Meanwhile,feedbackreceiversneedtoworrylesswhenitcomestoreceivingcriticism.

4.What’sthemotivationbehindKim’sstudy?

A.Toworkonhisessaysforgraduation.

B.Tohaveabetterknowledgeofcriticism.

C.Tocallforunderstandingbetweenworkers.

D.Toencourageacultureofcriticismintheworkplace.

5.What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Whattypicalpowersupervisorspossess.

B.Whatfeedbackcancausecareeranxieties.

C.Howworkerscanhaveagoodimpressiononbosses.

D.Whycertaincriticismharmsaperson’sperformance.

6.WhatamazedKimmostlyinthestudy?

A.Somepeopleenjoynegativefeedback.

B.Employeesarebravetocriticizetheboss.

CFollowers’criticismmaybenefitmanagers.

D.Manybossessometimesstruggleintheirwork.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detest”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?

A.Hate.B.Understand.C.Discuss.D.Provide.

C

Recentlyaccordingtoanewresearch，humanshavehadalinktostarches（含淀粉的食物）forupto120,000years—that’smorethan100,000yearslongerthanwe’vebeenabletoplanttheminthesoilduringthetimeoftheIceAge’sdrawingtoanend.TheresearchispartofanongoingstudyintothehistoryofMiddleStoneAgecommunities.

AninternationalteamofscientistsidentifiedevidenceofprehistoricstarchconsumptionintheKlasiesRiverCave,inpresent-daySouthAfrica.Analyzingsmall,ashy,undisturbedhearths（壁炉）insidethecave,there-searchersfound“piecesofburnedstarches”rangingfromaround120,000to65,000yearsold.Itmadethemtheoldestknownexamplesofstarcheseatenbyhumans.

Thefindingsdonotcomeasacompletesurprise—butratheraswelcomeconfirmationofoldertheoriesthatlackedtherelatedevidence.TheleadauthorCynthiaLarbeysaidthattherehadpreviouslyonlybeengenetic（基因的）biologicalevidencetosuggestthathumanshadbeeneatingstarchforthislong.Thisnewevidence,however,takesusdirectlytothedinnertable,andsupportsthepreviousassumptionthathumans，digestiongenesgraduallyevolvedinordertofitintoanincreaseddigestionofstarch.

Co-authorSarahWurzsaid,“ThestarchremainsshowthattheseearlyhumanslivingintheKlasiesRiverCavecouldbattleagainsttheirtoughenvironmentandfindsuitablefoodsandperhapsmedicines.Andasmuchasweallstilldesirethetubers（块茎），thesecavecommunitiesweregrillingstarchessuchaspotatoesontheirfoot-longhearths.Theyknewhowtobalancetheirdietsaswellastheycould,withfatsfromlocalfishandotheranimals.”

Asearlyasthe1990s,someresearchersstartedtostudythehearthsintheKlasiesRiverCave.ScientistHilaryDeaconfirstsuggestedthatthesehearthscontainedburnedplants.Atthetime,thepropermethodsofexaminingtheremainswerenotyetavailable.Wenowknowhumanbeingshavealwaysbeensearchingfortheirdesiredthings.

8.Whendidhumansbegintofarmstarches?

A.AftertheIceAge.

B.AftertheMiddleStoneAge.

C.About20,000yearsago.

D.About100,000yearsago.

9.Accordingtothescientists,remainsintheKlasiesRiverCaveshowthat

A.SouthAfricaoncehadrichsoiltogrowcrops

B.hearthswerewidespreadinearlyhumanhistory

C.earlyhumanspossiblydroveawayanimalsbyfire

D.settlerstheremighthaveusedfiretocookstarches

10.Whatwasthepreviousassumptionofstarches?

A.Starchdietpromotedfoodculture.

B.Starchdietshapedhumans’evolution.

C.Starcheshadavarietyoffunctions.

D.Starchesofferedhumansrichnutrition.

11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheearlyhumansdescribedbySarahWurz?

A.Theyweresmartandtough.

B.Theypreferredplantstomeat.

C.Theyweregenerallyveryhealthy.

D.Theygotalongwitheachother.

D

Everyoneknowsthattohelplessentheongoingclimatecrisis,weneedtoplantnewtrees.ApaperrecentlypublishedinSciencepredictsthatourEarthcouldsupportanadditional9,000,000sqkmofforest,potentiallyhosting500billiontreesthatareabletoabsorbmorethan200billiontonnesofC〇2.Itwouldbeaserioushelp.

TheEarth’slandis149,000,000sqkm.Accordingtoourstudy,whenwetakeoutglaciers（冰川）anddeserts,weareleftwith104,000,000sqkm.Whenwefurthertakeoutcities,freshwater,forests,etc.,wefinallyget51,000,000sqkmofarable（适于耕种的）landbadlyneededtofeed7.5billionhumanbeings.

Veryfewpeopleareawareofthegreatcomplexityofthewholesystem.“Widespreaduseatthescaleofmillionsofsquarekilometersgloballyoftree-plantingandbioenergycrops（用于制造生物能源的农作物）planting,”readsanIPCCreport,ucouldhavepotentiallybadconsequencesforfoodsecurityandlanddegradation（退化）.”Inotherwords,morewidespreadmonoculture（单一栽培）andmorebioenergycropscoulddegradesoil.

Bioenergynowhasa50percentshareoftheworld’srenewableenergyconsumption,accordingtoexpertFatihBirol’swords:

“asmuchaswind,solarandallotherscombined”.It’sgoodnews，butnotentirely.Onereasonisthatrisingoceanlevelsanddesertsspreadingaretakingawaymorearableland.Sowearriveatatoughchoice.Shouldweuseoursparesoilforagriculture,reforestationorbioenergy?

Firstly,whenplanningtouselotsofsparelandtogrowtrees,weshouldnoticethatlastyear,36,000sqkmofforestwascutdown.Sowouldn’titbebettertostartbystoppingcuttingdownforestsaltogether?

Besides,animalfarmingtakesup77percentoftheworld’sarablelandandprovidesuswith18percentofthecalories.Shouldn’twegloballycutbackonmeatconsumption?

Lastly,modembioenergy,whichismadefromnon-food-crops,isa