考研长难句分析100例解析.doc
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长难句分析100例
(一)
Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.
1.一句话是不是复合句,关键看它有没有连接词。
2.N+that只有两种可能
一、定语从句(成分不完整,修饰前边名词,即先行词)
二、同位语从句(完整句子,解释前边抽象名词)
3.Beregardedas...被认为是。
。
。
Doctorsarealwaysregardedasangelsinwhite.
4.Alltohuman所有的人都知道:
人之常情(可以进行替换dogmonkeycatN为单数)
5.With引导的常为两种伴随、表原因(考研阅读经常)
Imadeitwithyourhelp.因为有了你的帮助,我做到了
6.Becapableof(有能力做某事)
7.主句后加一个同位语从句解释assumption
Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlying(潜在的、内在的)assumptionthatsloth(懒惰)isoneofthesevensinherentsinsofhumanbeing(人类)
(二)
Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.
1.Compassion同情、怜悯sympathy同情、赞同、支持
beinsympathywith支持、赞同
2.主语加两个并列宾语从句。
(show宾语从句(orthat并列宾语从句,避免发生歧义))
(三)
Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorushestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself.
1、Newarrival(到来的事情或人)新来的人、新货上市、新品上架
2、有连接词就有从句
3、主句+(until时间状语从句嵌套一个(who定语从句))
(四)
Ifyouarepartofthegroup,whichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblems(whicharecommontoallofyou)andit’llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman’snotoriousbadtasteinties.
1.Passing(经过)remark(谈论、说话)一笔带过的评论、不经意的评论
2.If(条件状语which(定语从句))+主句(主句1experiencesandproblems(which定语)and主句2)
(五)
Oftenit’sthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark.
1、Itis+强调的部分+which/that/who+之前的句子翻译为:
正是.......
2、So结果状语从句,
3、强调句式的而第一层,结果状语从句,然后从句里的宾语从句
(六)
Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmos(whosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.)
Whose定语从句
(七)
Ifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves--goalsthatposearealchallenge.
!
!
!
that/which定语从句中不能指代一个事件(中学是错误的),想指代一个事件的话,先把事儿写完,然后用同位语做总结,再加定语从句。
(八)
Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.
1、Isthat表语从句
(九)
Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof“doubleeffect”,acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects--agoodone(thatisintendedandaharmful)one(thatisforeseen)--ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.
1、介词+名词:
可以表示一个形容词或副词的含义。
ofimportance=importantineffect=effectively
2、Although(让步状语从句)后边(但是,画黄部分为重点)主句又有宾语从句修饰,宾语从句中有两个小定语,最后加了一个条件状语。
此句分为三层。
(十)
1、在阅读当中人后边加个动词通常翻译为认为。
2、(that宾语从句嵌套一个(who定语从句(that宾语从句+条件状语)))
NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthattheprinciplewillshielddoctorswho“untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmediationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath.”
(十一)
Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.
1、多个and出现,需要弄清楚谁和谁并列,(and表示并列结构,前后的结构、词性应该是相同的)即:
平行或一致原则。
(undertreatment和aggressiveuse)两个名词&(ineffectual和forced)两个形容词
2、That定语从句修饰procedures
(十二)
Medicallicensingboards“mustmakeitclearthatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompetentlymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension.”
1、形式宾语,宾语从句太长,用it代替。
2、副词修饰,动词,此处为be动词are
(十三)
Thewinner,byalargemargin,wasatinyVirginiacompanycalledOpenSourceSolutions,whoseclearadvantagewasitsmasteryoftheelectronicworld.
1、Whose表示who’s或者which’s,不仅限于指人。
(十四)
AmongthefirmsmakingthebiggestsplashinthisnewworldisStraitford,Inc.,aprivateintelligence-analysisfirmbasedinAustin,Texas.
1、完全倒装:
(be动词引导的倒装)AbeB倒装之后BbeA。
除了表强调之外,有些句子的主语有从句修饰,为了避免显得过于庸长。
实际:
Straitford,Inc.,aprivateintelligence-analysisfirmbasedinAustin,TexasisAmongthefirmsmakingthebiggestsplashinthisnewworld.
(十五)
Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimalrightsadvocates,(whoseargumentsareconfusingthepublicandtherebythreateningadvancesinhealthknowledgeandcare).
1、因此的区别:
Thereby+doing结构&therefore+句子
(十六)
Ifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.
(十七)
Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhen(修饰前边的spell一小段时间ashortinterval)itappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.
1、(When为定语从句),我前边有时间概念,when引导定语从句,限定前边的时间感念。
When前边没有时间概念,引导时间状语。
(十八)
Forexample,agrandmotherlywomanstaffingananimalrightsboothatarecentstreetfairwasdistributingabrochure(thatencouragedreadersnottouseanything(thatcomesfromoristestedinanimals—nomeat,nofur,nomedicines)).
(十九)
Tothosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst.
(二十)
Finally,becausetheultimatestakeholdersarepatients,thehealthresearchcommunityshouldactivelyrecruittoitscausenotonlywell-knownpersonalitiessuchasStephenCooper,whohasmadecourageousstatementsaboutthevalueofanimalresearch,butallwhoreceivemedicaltreatment.
(二十一)
Inrecentyears,railroadshavebeencombiningwitheachother,mergingintosupersystems,causingheightenedconcernsaboutmonopoly.
Doing形式作状语,通常放于句首表原因、句末表结果
岂曰无衣,与子同袍
(二十二)
Shipperswhofeeltheyarebeingoverchargedhavetherighttoappealtothefederalgovernment’sSurfaceTransportationBoardforraterelief,buttheprocessisexpensive,time-consuming,andwillworkonlyintrulyextremecases.
(二十三)
Shipperswhofeeltheyarebeingoverchargedhavetherighttoappealtothefederalgovernment’sSurfaceTransportationBoardforraterelief,buttheprocessisexpensive,time-consuming,andwillworkonlyintrulyextremecases.
(二十四)
ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.
(二十五)
25、Physicians--frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient--toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified
(二十六)
26、FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway,”sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.
(二十七)
27、Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywithage.
(二十八)
28、It’saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalary,thenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.
(二十九)
29、WhenCareerSite’sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobs--thoseitconsidersthebestmatches.
(三十)
30、This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.
(三十一)
31、IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.
(三十二)
32、Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.
(三十三)
33、Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:
alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.
(三十四)
34、EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan’sadmissionthatAmerica’sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.
(三十五)
35、Consumerssaythey’renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.
(三十六)
36、“Schoolscouldbeacounterbalance.”Ravitch’slatestbook,LeftBack:
ACenturyofFailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-intellectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforintellectualpursuits.
(三十七)
37、However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviorbecamemarkedlydifferent.
(三十八)
38、Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.
(三十九)
39、However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunanswere