Book 8 Unit 1Word格式.docx
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(乐队)指挥
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空]
1.Couldyougivemesomeindication(s)astohowtocomfortthelittlegirl?
2.Whenhearrivedatthesecondcrossing,hestopped,forhewasoutofbreath.
3.Wehaveneverdoubtedthesuccessofourreformandwillcontinuetodeepenit.
4.Helicoptersaremainlyusedformilitaryratherthanciviluse.
Ⅲ.拓展提升
1.meansn.手段;
方法→meanv.意味着adj.吝啬的→meaningn.意思;
意义
2.majorityn.大多数;
大半→majorv.主修n.专业adj.主要的→minorityn.(反义词)少数;
少数民族
3.electvt.选择;
决定做某事;
选举某人→electionn.选举;
当选;
选举权
4.racialadj.人种的;
种族的→racen.种,种族;
人种vt.&
vi.(和……)比赛,(使)参加比赛
5.applicantn.申请人→applyv.应用;
申请;
请求→applicationn.申请;
应用
6.occurvi.发生;
出现→occurrencen.出现;
发生
7.punishmentn.处罚;
惩罚→punishv.处罚;
惩罚
练一练 [用所给单词的正确形式填空]
1.IntheracesatOlympics,weshouldreflectracialequality.(race)
2.Hewasluckytohaveescapedpunishment/being
punished,buthisfellowwaspunishedbytheirteacher.(punish)
3.Theyagreedtoelecttheyoungmanastheirleader.Fortunately,hewontheelectionintheend.(elect)
4.Anumberofapplicantshadappliedforthejob,butonlyafewofthemmadeit.(apply)
5.Thismeansthatyoucanunderstandthemeaningofthestrangewordthroughcontext.(mean)
Ⅳ.选词填空
1.liveon继续存在;
继续生存
2.bymeansof...用……办法;
借助……
3.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等;
谋生
4.keepup坚持;
维持;
沿袭(风俗、传统等)
5.backtoback背靠背
6.teamupwith...与……合作或一起工作
7.markout用线画出范围;
标出……界线
8.takein包括;
吸收;
欺骗
9.agreat/goodmany许多;
很多
10.applyfor申请;
请示得到
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空]
1.Ineedtoteam
up
withyourfirminabusinessproject.Couldyouputmethroughtoyourboss?
2.Hemadelotsofmoneyby
means
ofworkinghardandsetasidesomeforhisson.
3.Hetendedtoworkthroughhislunchhourinanefforttokeep
upwithhiswork.
4.A
great/good
manystudentswereoccupyingthemselvesrecitingtextsthatmorning.
5.AsfarasI’mconcerned,you’dbetterapply
forajobinyourhometown.
6.Theoldwomanwastaken
inbythefalseadvertisementtheotherday.
Ⅴ.仿写运用
1.CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.
加利福尼亚是美国第三大州,但有最多的人口。
2.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.
然而,土著美国人很有可能在至少一万五千年前就在加利福尼亚生活了。
3.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.
那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。
4.BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.
当1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候,它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。
练一练 [用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子]
1.泰晤士河是英国的第二长河,每年吸引大量游客。
(最高级)
ThamesRiveristhe
second
longestriverinBritainandattractsagreatmanyvisitorseachyear.
2.这位老人很可能会捐很多钱给那个偏僻的村子。
(likely)
It
is
quite
likely
thattheoldmanwilldonateagreatdealofmoneytothatremotevillage.
3.这本小说很有趣,这也是我推荐给你的原因。
(That’swhy...)
Thisfictionisveryinterestingandthat’s
why
I
have
recommended
it
to
you.
4.到他离开学校为止,他已参加了很多课后活动。
(bythetime)
By
the
time
he
left
school,hehadparticipatedinagreatmanyafter-schoolactivities.
1.“惩罚;
批评”相关动词一览
(1)punish惩罚
(2)scold批评
(3)criticize批评
(4)condemn谴责
(5)blame责备;
指责
2.容易被忽略的-ing名词后缀
(1)crossing十字路口
(2)training训练
(3)feeling感觉
(4)wedding婚礼
(5)meaning意义
(6)saying格言;
警句
(7)building建筑物
(8)hearing听觉
(9)belongings拥有物;
财产
(10)painting绘画(作品)
(11)ending结尾
(12)greeting问候;
打招呼
3.不“雇用”就“辞退”
(1)hiren.&
vt.雇用
(2)employvt.雇用
(3)takeon雇用
(4)firevt.解雇
(5)dismissvt.解雇
(6)layoff解雇
(7)removevt.免职
meansn.手段;
方式;
方法;
财富;
收入
bymeansof用……办法;
bythismeans用这种方法
byallmeans尽一切方法;
当然可以
bynomeans(=notbyanymeans)决不,一点也不(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装语序)
ameansof...……的方式
单句语法填空
(1)Watchingfilmsisregardedasagoodmeansofentertainment.
(2)Hegotintothehousebymeansofanopenwindow.
句式升级
(3)I’llforgiveyouthistime,butyoushallbynomeansmakethemistakeagain.(改为倒装句)
I’llforgiveyouthistime,butby
no
shall
you
make
mistake
again.
链接高考
(4)你最好事先练习用筷子,这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。
(2018·
全国Ⅰ,书面表达)
Andyou’dbetterpracticeusingchopsticksinadvance,which
also
a
of
showing
your
good
table
manners.
用法点拨
means表示“方式”“方法”“手段”时,单复数同形。
表示做某事的方法,means后常接ofdoingsth.,一般不接不定式。
Itisacknowledgedthatthecellphoneismorethanameansofcommunication.
人们公认手机不仅仅是一种通信工具。
majorityn.大部分;
大多数;
大半
(1)ina/themajority占大多数
a/themajorityof大多数……
(2)majoradj.主要的;
主修的n.主修科目,专业;
主修某科目的学生,某专业的学生vi.主修
majorin主修……
(1)Themajoritywas/were(be)infavourofbanningsmokingatthattime.
(2)AmajorityofAfricanswere(be)forcedtoworkfortheEuropeansinthepast.
(3)Themajorityoftheruleshave
been
abolished(abolish)uptonow.
(4)Onlyaminorityofpeopleinthatcitydonothaveacarwhilethepeopletakingthesubwaytoworkareinthemajority.
单句改错
(5)Ihopetogainabitmoreknowledgeofgardeningsothatitcanhelpmetomajor
thegardeningafterattendingcollege.
(1)themajority单独作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数;
“the/amajorityof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后面名词的数保持一致。
(2)themajorityof修饰的名词通常不带冠词,但若需特指也可带定冠词。
Themajorityofthemtakeononlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogram.
在开始项目前他们中的多数人要在网上进行语言测试。
occurvi.发生;
存在;
出现;
(想法)产生
(1)sth.occurs/occurredtosb.某人突然想起某事;
某人发生某事
Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that.../todo...某人突然想起……
(2)occurrencen.出现;
发生;
事件
(1)Sometimesevenroutineoccurrences(occur)becomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.
北京)
(2)LastSunday,whenmyparentswentoutshopping,itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatIcouldgivetheroomsathoroughcleaning.
(3)Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs(occur).(2018·
天津)
句型转换
(4)ItoccurredtomethatIshouldgotoattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.
→ItoccurredtometogotoattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.
联想发散 表示“某人突然想起……”的句式还有:
sth.strike/hitsb.,sb.hit/strikeonsth.,etosb.,eintoone’smind等。
Hewasknockingaboutoutsidethecinemawhentheincidentoccurred.
事故发生时他正在电影院外闲逛。
makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等;
cometolife苏醒过来,恢复生气;
变得更有趣;
变得活跃
comebacktolife苏醒过来;
死而复生
bring...backtolife使……苏醒过来;
使……复活
live/leada...life过着……的生活
根据句意用life短语的正确形式填空
(1)Inthisfiction,thedoctorsbroughtthegirlback
life.
(2)TheoperationshouldenableBobbytolead/live
anormallife.
(3)TheywenttoLondonanddecidedtomake
lifethere.
完成句子
(4)WhenAlicecame
(back)
life,shedidn’tknowhowlongshehadbeenlyinghere.
当爱丽丝苏醒时,她不知道她已经在这儿躺了多久。
Themanwhocanmakealifebyhishobbyishappy.以爱好谋生的人是幸福的。
takein拿进来;
包括;
吸入;
收留,留宿;
接纳;
理解;
欺骗;
观看
一词多义——写出下列句子中takein的汉语意思
(1)HecertainlytookusinwithhisstoriesabouthisexperiencesinMexico.欺骗
(2)Gazingupintohiseyes,sheseemedtotakeinallhesaid.领会,理解
(3)Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.收留,留宿
(4)Theywillcertainlyneedtotakeinplentyofliquid.吸收
(5)Makesuretotakeintheviewfromtheteashoponthetopfloor;
it’swellworththevisit.观看
(6)ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.包括,包含
takeoff起飞;
脱下;
迅速流行;
(事业等)步入正轨,腾飞
takeover接管;
继承;
支配
takeon呈现;
雇用
takeup从事;
继续;
拿起;
占据
takedown拿下;
写下;
记下
用上述短语的正确形式完成下列片段
(7)Attheageof18,he①took
overhisfather’scompany.Asachiefmanager,he②took
inanumberoftalents,whichmadehiscompany③take
onanewlook.Atlast,hiscareer④took
off.
18岁时,他接管了父亲的公司。
作为总经理,他吸纳了大量人才,这使他的公司呈现新的面貌。
最终,他的事业步入正轨。
IadviseyoutolearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance,whichwillhelpyoubettertakeinthepoemstobelearned.(2017·
我建议你提前了解唐代的历史,这会帮助你更好地理解你要学的诗歌。
This/Thatiswhy...
Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.
用法归纳:
(1)This/Thatisbecause...这/那是因为……
(2)This/Thatisthereasonwhy...这/那就是……的原因
(3)Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)
注意:
表语从句中的why,because以及that可根据“直译法”去判断,也就是语境当中翻译成“是因为……”就用because,翻译成“那就是为什么……”就用why,而如果翻译成“是……”,在表语从句中多用that。
(1)That’swhymoreandmorepeopleareinterestedinTangDynasty.(2017·
(2)Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseaboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.
(3)Lessismore.Thisiswhywesay:
reducethingsbyhalfinsteadofdoublingthem.
Thereasonwhywechoosethismovieisthatitrepresentsthedevelopmentofourbelovedschool,whichisnotonlyinterestingbutalsomeaningful.(2018·
全国Ⅱ,书面表达)
我们选择这部电影是因为它代表了我们所钟爱的学校的发展,不仅有趣而且很有意义。
bythetime+从句
BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.当1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候,它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。
(1)bythetime+从句,意为“当……的时候”,如果主句动作不强调已经完成,只是说明过去某个时候的状况,主句常用一般过去时。
(2)bythetime引导时间状语从句,意为“到……时候为止”。
①bythetime+一般过去时,主句常用过去完成时。
②bythetime+一般现在时(表将来),主句常用将来完成时。
(1)Bythetimethemanagerarrived,thestaffhad
left(leave)thecompany.
(2)Bythetimetheygethere,wewill
finished(finish)thework.
(3)Bythetimehewentabroad,hewas(be)fourteen.
(4)BythetimeI
got
station,thetrainhad
already
gone.
等我到达火车站时,火车已经开走了。
(5)Thequestionswill
answeredbythestudentsbythetimetheteachercomesbackfromthemeeting.
当老师开会回来时,问题将已经被学生回答出来了。
Thestudentswillhavelearnedmorethan3,000idiomsby