大学英语四级考试模拟试题十Word文档格式.docx

大学英语四级考试模拟试题十Word文档格式.docx

《大学英语四级考试模拟试题十Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学英语四级考试模拟试题十Word文档格式.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequickly.Forquestions1-7,markY（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

HowCollegeRankingsWork

Amongthemanymethodspeopleusetojudgecollegesanduniversities,fewareaswidelyusedassimplerankings.Theselists,usuallyorderedbynumericalscoresorlettergrades,areinherentlyappealingbecausethey’reeasilyunderstoodandtheytellusexactlywheretheauthorsthinkagivenschoolstands.Buttheycanalsobeconfusingbe-causesomemagazine,bookandonlinepublishersusevastlydifferentcriteriawhendeterminingacademicstatus.

ThemostprominentsetofcollegerankingsintheUnitedStatesispublishedbyU.S.News&

WorldReport.Everyyearsince1987,ithaspublisheditsrankingsinmagazineform,andmorerecentlyinpaperbackguidebooks.Themagazinenowranksgraduateschools,too.Manyschoolsusetheserankingsaspartoftheirpromotionalmaterials,trumpetingariseinstanding,hangingcelebratorybannersorpostingthegoodnewsontheirwebsites.

Somecompaniessimplyofferrankingsofwhattheyconsiderthebestschools,withavarietyofcriteriausedtocalculateanoverallscore.Othersbreakdownlistsoftopschoolsintocategorieslikeacademics,sociallife,smallcolleges,bigcolleges,liberalartsschools,publicschools,undergraduateexperienceandhappieststudents.BesidesU.S.News&

WorldReport,otherpopularrankingsincludePrincetonReviewguidebooksandthoseproducedbytheCenterforUniversityRankings,whichratesresearchuniversities.

BookslikeCollegeProwlerofferaninsiderviewfromcurrentstudentsandrecentgraduates.Theseguidebookspresentinformationabouttopicsasvariedasaschool’spartyscene.Severalwebsites,like,pro-videcollegerankingscompletedbyactualstudents,andthesesitesalsoofferabehind-the-scenesviewwithinformationnotfoundintraditionalguidebooks.

Inothercountries,newspapersoftenproviderankings,suchasMaclean’sannualguidetoCanadiancollegesanduniversities.TheEuropeanUnionhasalsopublishedreportsonuniversitiesthatincludedrankings.Inaddition,NewsweekpublishedalistinAugust2006ofthe"

Top100GlobalUniversities"

.Thelistfocusesonaschool’sinter-nationalmakeup,globalimpact,connectionstootherpartsoftheworldandresearchaccomplishments.

Inevitably,mostrankingsarebasedonrawdata,butthewaythatdataarecalculatedandweightedvariessignificantlybetweenpublishers.Sometimespublishersreceivethedatadirectlyfromschools,asisthecasewithU.S.News&

WorldReport.Othersrelyondatadrawnfromuniversitywebsites,researchfoundationsoracademicorganizations.Forexample,Vanguard’scollegerankings,whichfocusonfacultyquality,relyondatafromtheNationalResearchCouncil.Whenexaminingcollegerankings,it’simportanttolookatwhatdatathepublicationusedandhowitusedthedata.Manypublicationsuseotherdatasourcesortheirownspecializedsurveys.Datathatarecommonlyusedinrankingsinclude:

●SATandACTscoresofincomingstudents

●Students’highschoolGPAs

●Acceptancerate

●Alumnidonations

●Student-to-facultyratio

●Graduationrate

●Financialaid

●Transferrate（alsocalledstudentretention）

●Averageclasssize

●Qualityoffaculty,whichmaybemeasuredbyresearchgrantsandprizesawardedandthefrequencyofpublications,amongotherfactors.

●Resultsfromsurveyscompletedbystudentsoradministrators

Althoughit’sclearthatrankingmethodsdifferbetweenpublications,someusemoreunusualcriteriatodeterminecollegestandings.Forexample,WashingtonMonthly,apoliticalmagazine,saysthatitsrankings—echoingJohnF.Kennedy—"

askwhatcollegesaredoingforthecountry"

ratherthan"

whatcollegescandoforyou"

.Thislistfocusesonhowschoolscontributeto"

socialmobility"

orraisingpeopleupfrompoverty,aswellashowtheypromote"

anethicofservicetothecountry"

andpursue"

scientificandhumanisticresearch"

.TheWashingtonMonthlyrankingsalsofocusonhowtaxpayermoney,suchasinfederalresearchgrants,isused,andwhethertheyconsiderthatmoneywellspent.

Ofcourse,theInternetnowholdssomeinfluenceoverrankings,bothinhowthey’recalculatedandhowthey’republicized.Somecompaniesprovideadditionalcollegeanduniversityinformationonsubscription-onlysites.Otherorganizationscollectdatafromnontraditionalsourceslikeaschool’snumberofGooglehitsandlinkstotheuniversity’swebsitefromthesitesofotheruniversities.ThismethodofrankingisoftencalledtheG-Factor.

AnydiscussionofhowrankingsarecompiledinevitablyleadsbacktoU.S.News&

WorldReport.Itsrankingsat-tractalotofcontroversy.Let’slookathowtheyrankschools.U.S.News&

WorldReportpresentseachschoolwithanumericalscoreandranksthemaccordingly,withschoolsdividedintoseparatecategories.Theyare:

●Nationaluniversities

●Liberalartscolleges

●Master’suniversities

●Comprehensivecolleges

●Businessprograms

●Engineeringprograms

Themagazineprovidesfurtherrankingsforsomecategoriesbasedonregionsorifaschoolawardsdoctoraldegrees.

Incalculatingeachscore,U.S.News&

WorldReportreliesondatasuppliedtothembytheschoolsthey’reranking.Eachpieceofdataismeasureddifferentlyincalculatingtheoverallscore.ThecompositionofascoregiventoaschoolbyU.S.News&

WorldReportisasfollows:

●5percent:

alumnidonations

graduationrate（forliberalartsandnational

universities）

●10percent:

financialaid

●15percent:

facultyresources（whichisacollectionoffactorslikeaverageclasssizeandstudent-to-teacherratio）

acceptancerate

●20percentor25percent（dependingontheschooltype）:

studentretention

●25percent:

peerassessmentoftheperformanceofotherschools,performedbythetopthreeofficialsofeachschool

Thatlastpart,thepeerassessment,isthetrickiestbit—andit’soneofthebigreasonsthatU.S.News&

WorldReportisoneofthechieftargetsofthecampaignagainstcollegerankings.

1.Rankingsarethemostwidelyusedmethodtojudgeuniversitiesandcolleges.

2.Everyyearsince1987,U.S.News&

WorldReporthaspublishedrankingsinmagazinesandguidebooks.

3.ResearchuniversitiesareratedbyU.S.News&

WorldReportandPrincetonReviewguidebooks.

4.Somewebsitesprovideabehind-the-scenesviewwithinformationwhichisabsentfromtraditionalguidebooks.

5.Howapublicationchoosesandusesthedataiscrucialwhenexaminingtherankings.

6.Thoughdifferent,thecriteriausedbyvariouspublicationsarenotunusual.

7.Theacceptancerateofbetteruniversitiesisusuallylow.

8.Rankingscanbeconfusingbecausewhen___________,somebooksandmagazinesmayusedifferentcriteria.

9.ThelistpublishedbyNewsweekinAugust2006focusesontheuniversities’_________________andresearchachievements.

10.______________isoneofthemainreasonsthatU.S.News&

WorldReportiscriticizedfiercelybypeopleagainstcollegerankings.

PartIIIReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）（25minutes）

SectionA

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions11to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Mostmagazinesyouseeonnews-standseverydayrelyonfreelancewritersfortheircontent.Fromfillerstofeatures,mostpartsofapublicationarefairgamesfor11hopingtobreakin.Youdon’thavetohaveacousininthe12worldtoseeyournameinprint.But,you’llhaveto13totheeditorthatyoucanwriteforhisorhertargetaudience,andthebestwaytolearnhowtodothisisthroughresearch.Takenoteofthepublication’sdifferentdepartments,columns,andfillers.Youwillbemorelikelytogetaneditor’sattentionifyoupitchanideathat14fitsanexistingpage.Ifyouarepartofthepeoplethemagazinetargets,youmayhaveaneasiertimegettingyourstory15.

Forexample,thefirst16IwrotewasforCollegeBoundmagazine.Ihadjustfinishedwritingforthatagegroupatmystudentpaper,andIwas21yearsoldmyself.Itwouldhavebeenquitea17togetpublishedinModernMaturity,soIdidn’tevenconsiderit.Sellingthisfeaturewasquite18.ItwasafullthreemonthslaterbeforeIheardanything.Ireceivedaletterinthemail19methatmyfeaturewouldbeaccepted.IsignedarightscontractandfourmonthslaterI20acheckandtwocopiesofthemagazinewithmyfeatureasthecoverstory!

A）declaredB）publishingC）writersD）featureE）magazineF）perfectlyG）teachersH）featI）straightforwardJ）soldK）proveL）permanently

M）informingN）receivedO）scary

SectionB

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedsentences.

Foreachof