毕业论文英文翻译GPS实时监测.doc

毕业论文英文翻译GPS实时监测.doc

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GPSReal-TimeSupervisorySystemandApplicationintheConstructionofFaceRockfillDam

HUANGShengxiangLIUJingnanZENGHuai＇en

ABSTRACT

Accordingtothequalitycontrolneedsoffillingconstructionofthefacerockfilldam,bymeansoftheglobalsatellitepositioningtechnology,thewirelessdatacommunicationtechnology,thecomputertechnologyandthedataprocessingandanalysistechnology,andintegratingwiththerollercompactionmachine,theGPSreal-timesupervisorysystemisdevelopedinthispaper.Itcanbeusedtoreal-timelysupervisetheconstructionqualityoftherollercompactionforfillingengineering.

ThecompositionandappliedcharacteristicsofGPSsystem,andthekeytechniqueproblemandsolutionofthedesignarediscussed.TheheightaccuracyofGPSsystemisanalyzedandthepreliminaryapplicationisintroduced.

KEYWORDS：

GPS;fillingconstruction;qualitycontrol;integratedsystem;facerockfilldam

Introduction

Atpresent,inthequalitymanagementoffillingconstructionofthefacerockfilldam，thequalitycontrolmethodof“dualcontrols”ismainlyadopted,ofwhichoneismanuallycontrolingtheparametersofrollercompactionincludingthicknessandroughnessoffillinglayerandrolledtimesandrolledspeedofcompactionmachines,

theotherisinspectingthetestholesamplingmanuallyinthearea.Themethodplayapositiveroleinpromotingdomesticdevelopmentofconcretefacedrockfilldam.However,thetraditionalmanualmanagementmechanismcan＇tmeetthedemandsofmo-dernmechanizedconstructionandscheduleanymore,withincreasingofscaleofcon-cretefacerockfilldam.ConcretefacedrockfilldamofShuibuyaprojectinQingjiangRiverofHubeiProvince,China,rankingfirstindamheightofthesametypeintheworld,isashighas233m.Theprojecthasatotalfillingvolumeof1.6×107m3andmorethan6×105m3forpeakfillingvolumeofasinglemonth,sodemandsmuchmoretocontrolthequalityoffillingconstructionofthedam.Forthesakeofsupervisingthefillingconstructionqualityquicklyintime,itisveryimportanttodevelopasupervisorysystemoftheconstructionqualityoftherollercompactionforfillingengineering,whichhascharacteristicsofreal-time,continuity,automationand

highprecision.Thesupervisorysystemhasagreatmeaningforimprovingtheconst-ructionqualityofShuibuyaproject.

Asabrand-newtechnologyofmodernspatialsatellitesnavigationandposition-ingsystem,GPShasgraduallyreplacedthenormalopticalandelectricalsurveyingequipmentinmoreandmorefields.Since1980s,especiallyafter1990s,GPStechno-logyhasleadthespatialpositioningtechnology,combiningwithmoderncommuni-cationtechnology，toarevolutionarychange.Themethodforsimultaneouslydeterm-ineingthreedimensionalcoordinatesbyGPShaschangedthetraditionalpositioningtechnologyfromlandwithinshoretoentireoceanandouterspace,fromstaticstokinematics,frompointpositioningtonetworkdifference,fromafterwardsprocessingtoreal-timepositioningandnavigation,andabsoluteandrelativepositioningprécisi-oncomingtometerlevel,centimeterlevel,evensubmillimeterlevel,therefore,expandsthefieldsofapplicationandeffectineverywalkoflife.Thefastdevelopmentandimprovementofmoderndatacommunicationtechnology,computertechnology,electricaltechnologyandthespatialpositioningtechnologyonbehalfofGPSmakesupervisionofhighprecisionreal-timecontinuityandautomationfeasible.

Accordingtotherequirementsofconstructionqualitymanagementforrollercompactioninfillingengineering,bymeansoftheglobalsatellitepositioningtechnology,thewirelessdatacommunicationtechnology,thecomputertechnology

andthedataprocessingandanalysistechnology,andintegratingwiththerollercomp-actionmachine,in2004WuhanUniversityandQingjiangHydroelectricDevelop-mentCorp.Ltd.Jointlydevelopedareal-timesupervisorysystemsuitableforthequalitymanagementneedsofrollercompactioninfillingengineering,i.e.real-time

supervisorysystemoffillingconstructionquality（GPSsystemforshortafterwards）.Thesystemhascomprehensivefunctionsofreal-time,highprecision,continuity,automationetc.,socanbeappliedtoreal-timesupervisingconstructionqualityoffillingcompactionfordam,road,protectiondike,airportetc.andbecomesaneffectiveassistantofensuringtheconstructionqualityforproject.Combiningwithengineeringneedsandsystemcharacteristics,thecomposition,keytechniquesandschemesofthesystemarediscussedinthispaper.Theheightaccuracyofthesystemisanalyzedandthepreliminaryapplicationisintroduced.

1CompositionandcharacteristicsofGPSReal-timesupervisorysystem

1.1Compositionofthesystem

Hardwareunitofthesystemmainlyincludes3partsasfollows:

1）ReceivingsystemofGPSsatellitesignals;

2）Wirelessnetworkdatacommunicationsystem;

3）Computersystem.

Fig.1Illustrationofthesystemnetworkstructure

Accordingtotherequirementsofcompactionforfillingandrammingenginee-ringandconstructionqualitymanagementtosystem,thesystemiscomposedofsupervisorycenter,networkrelaystation,localesub-controlstation,GPSreferencestationandmobileterminals（includingrollercompactionmachinesandqualitysupervisorworkingvehicle）,regardingtheeffectofwirelesscommunicationfromtopographicenvironment.Fig.1istheillustrationofconstructionqualitysupervisorysystemforfillingcompactionproject.Ifthetopographicenvironmentisgoodandthedistancebetweenthefillingconstructionon-the-spotandthesystemsupervisory

centerisnotlong,thenetworkrelaystationcanberemoved.

1.1.1Supervisorycenter

Supervisorycenteristheheartofthesystem,wherethedifferentialdataofGPSreferencestationareemittedtotheGPSmobilestations,andatthesametime,receiv-esthepositioninformationfedbackbythemobilestationscontinuouslyandreal-timelythroughwirelessdatacommunication.Combiningtheneedsofconstruction,

electronicdisplayscreenequippedinthesupervisorycentercanreal-timelydisplaytheaccuratemovinglocationandstatusinformationoftherollercompactionmachin-esaswellasthequalitysupervisorworkingvehicleforcompactionplanesofthedam,remotelymonitorthestateofcompactionqualityoffillingengineering,andofferleadersthebasisofdecision.Theprocessing,analysis,storageofthesystemdataandsoonarecarriedoutinthesupervisorycenter.

1.1.2Localesub-supervisorystation

Localesub-supervisorystationistheextensionofthesystemcontrolcenter,andprovidesconvenienceforlocalesupervisor.Byaccessinginformationofthesystemsupervisorycenter,thesupervisorcanmasterthestatusofengineeringconstructionandtheconstructionqualityintimejustintheconstructionlocalesupervisorroom.

Oncequalitydeviationappears,thesupervisorcantacklewiththeconstructionsideontheconstructionlocale,remindingtheconstructorsandaskingthemforrectifying.

1.1.3GPSreferencestation

GPSreferencestationissetforincreasingthesupervisoryprecisionofthesystembymeansofDGPStechnology.WesetaGPSreceiveronaknownsiteasareferencestationandcarryoutGPSobservation,thenemittheGPSobservation

dataandknownlocationinformationofthereferencestationreal-timelytotheGPSmobilestations,andprocessthedataalongwithmobilestations'GPSobservationdatabymeansofdiferentialprocessingofcarrierphases,consequentlycalculatethespatiallocationinformationofthemobilestations,whosepositioningprecisioncanincrease.ThemethodaboveisnamedDGPStechnology.Ingeneral,GPSreferencestationshouldbesetupinthesupervisorycenterforthesakeofconvenientsupportingpow-er,managementandmaintenance.Toensurethesupervisoryprecision,itisstressedthatthedistancebetweentheGPSreferencestationandtheconstructionareamustbelessthan5-6km,andthedistancecontrollingrequirementcanbesatisfiedinpractice.

1.1.4Mobileterminal

Mobileterminalincludessystem-requiringequipmentsinstalledintheprojectsupervisorycarandrollercompactionmachines.

1）Mobileterminalinstalledintherollercompactionmachine

Amobileterminalinstalledinarollercompactionmachineismainlycomposedofanintegratedsystemunit,aGPSreceiverantennaandawirelesscommunicationantenna.Thesystemunitintegratesmainequipmentsofindustrialplatformcomputer,GPSreceiver,wirelesscommunicationandsoon.Mobileterminalismobilesuper-visoryequipmentlikeGPSmovingstation,andcarriesoutGPSmobileobservation.Itscontrolitemsmainlyincludetherolledtrack,rolledspeed,androlledtimesoftherollercompactionmachines.Mobileterminalsfeedbacktheeffectiveobservationresulttothesupervisorycentercontinuouslyandreal-timely.Meanwhile,theplatformcomputerreflectstheworkstatusoftherollercompactionmachinereal-timely,by

meansoffiguresandtablesinthesystemunitofdriver＇scaboftherollercompactionmachine.Theoperatoroftherollercompactionmachinecancheckoutwhetherhisorherworkmeetsthequalityrequirementonthedisplayscreen.

2）Mobileterminalinstalledintheprojectsupervisorycar

Projectsupervisorycaristheworkingvehicleforconstructionqualitysuper-visingthatisequippedexclusivelyfortheprojectsupervisors.Itsmaintasksarecarr-yingoutGPSmobileobservationandsupervisinglocalequality.Itsmainitemsofobservationarethethicknessvariationsofpavinglayerbeforeandafterthecompact-ion,supportingdataforcontrollingthepavingthicknessandroughnessof