考研英语真题英语一docWord格式文档下载.docx

考研英语真题英语一docWord格式文档下载.docx

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thatthenumberofthehomelessis8.Oneofthefederalgovernment’sstudies9thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.

Findingwaysto10thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.11whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda12thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday13thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,14notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday15skillsneededtoturntheirlives16.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare17programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.18EdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,19it,“Therehastobe20ofprograms.What’sneededisapackagedeal.”

1.[A]Indeed[B]Likewise[C]Therefore[D]Furthermore

2.[A]stand[B]cope[C]approve[D]retain

3.[A]in[B]for[C]with[D]toward

4.[A]raise[B]add[C]take[D]keep

5.[A]Generally[B]Almost[C]Hardly[D]Not

6.[A]cover[B]change[C]range[D]differ

7.[A]Nowthat[B]Although[C]Provided[D]Exceptthat

8.[A]inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]extending

9.[A]predicts[B]displays[C]proves[D]discovers

10.[A]assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss

11.[A]Hence[B]But[C]Even[D]Only

12.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house

13.[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering

14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas

15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance

16.[A]around[B]over[C]on[D]up

17.[A]complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating

18.[A]So[B]Since[C]As[D]Thus

19.[A]puts[B]interprets[C]assumes[D]makes

20.[A]supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation[D]coordination

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSNEET1.（40points）

Text1

Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite,”thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.

Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday’simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofthepopulation;

in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;

inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation－language,homeownershipandintermarriage.

The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish‘well’or‘verywell’aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaasa“graveyard”forlanguages.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.

Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S.-bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.

RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”

AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?

Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica’sturbulentpast,today’ssocialindiceshardlysuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.

21.Theword“homogenizing”（Paragraph1）mostprobablymeans______

[A]identifying.[B]associating.[C]assimilating.[D]monopolizing.

22.Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcentury______

[A]playedaroleinthespreadofpopularculture.

[B]becameintimateshopsforcommonconsumers.

[C]satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeableelite.

[D]oweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumption.

23.ThetextsuggeststhatimmigrantsnowintheU.S.______

[A]areresistanttohomogenization.

[B]exertagreatinfluenceonAmericanculture.

[C]arehardlyathreattothecommonculture.

[D]constitutethemajorityofthepopulation.

24.WhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksmentionedinParagraph5?

[A]Toprovetheirpopularityaroundtheworld.

[B]Torevealthepublic’sfearofimmigrants.

[C]Togiveexamplesofsuccessfulimmigrants.

[D]ToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanculture.

25.Intheauthor’sopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansocietyis______

[A]rewarding.[B]successful.[C]fruitless.[D]harmful.

PartB

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

OnthenorthbankoftheOhioriversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino（aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed）.Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams，astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximately$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.

Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer,a“FunCard,”whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheuser’sgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,thoseactivitiesbecamewhathecalls“electronicheroin.”

（41）.In1997helost$21,000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdockedat5a.m.,thenwentbackaboardwhenthecasinoopenedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitknewhewasaddicted.Itdidknowhehadaproblem.

InMarch1998afriendofWilliams’sgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliams’sgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsamongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthe“medical/psychological”natureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell-being.

（42）.

TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning：

“Enjoythefun…andalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”Everyentranceticketlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromtheIndianaDepartmentofMentalHealth.NeverthelessWilliams’ssuitchargesthatthecasino,knowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling,”intentionallyworkedto“lure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill”.Well.

（43）.

ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthethrilloftakingrisksinquestofawindfall.

（44）.Pushedbyscience,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsaspersonalitydisordersakintophysicaldisabilities.

（45）.

Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependenton—youmightsayaddictedto—revenuesfromwagering.AndsincethefirstInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblers’dollarshasbecomeintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweekreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweek.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInt