英语演讲及辩论教学大纲与计划3.docx
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英语演讲及辩论教学大纲与计划3
《英语演讲及辩论》课程大纲和要求
总学时：
36学时，周学时2，共上16周。
教材：
社会热点问题
参考教材：
名人演讲---响彻世界的声音
任课教师：
辛柯教授
教学目标：
本课程是为英语专业高年级学生开设的，其目的是培养高年纪学生较强的英语讲演和辩论能力、较高层次的听力、写作能力、思辨能力和多层次分析问题的能力，并扩大知识面和词汇量。
教学要求：
1、学生通过听大量英语名人演讲磁带和阅读有关英语演讲材料，掌握演讲文体的篇章特点，韵律节奏等。
2、学生根据教师所给定的主题（主要是社会热点问题），写出自己的讲稿（500~800词），在课后能熟练背诵，在班上演讲（5~7分钟），并回答教师与同学围绕该主题所提的问题。
3、要求学生就相关主题写讲稿之前，大量阅读国内外英文报纸或杂志、或听英文广播，或在互联网上搜寻资料；对有些观点不能人云亦云，要从各个层面分析问题，得出具有个人特点、令人信服的结论。
4、学生根据同一主题，分正反两方写出演讲稿，由正反方两方选出代表，进行辩论。
由学生投票选出胜方。
或者根据社会热点问题举行模拟记者招待会,有记者对主持人提问。
5、每学期每人要写8~10篇演讲稿。
6、要求学生课后反复听课文所配录音磁带，并背诵部分段落。
考试要求：
期末根据本学期所给定的8-10个主题，教师对每一位学生指定或由学生选定主题准备一篇讲演稿或辩论稿。
在演讲之前，抓阄决定每人的演讲或辩论次序，由教师和三名学生担当的评委打分。
成绩：
参与课堂活动的表现占总分的30%，完成作业情况占20%，上课考勤占10%，期末考试成绩占40%，其中笔试（根据所给主题写的讲演稿）占20%，面对面和老师/学生辩论或讨论占20%。
序言
语言表达能力是一个人总体能力中非常重要的一部分，是一个人逻辑思维能力、理性分析能力、组织能力、决策能力、感召能力、个人魅力的总体表现。
而语言表达中的幽默、哲理又是一个人智慧的体现。
在公众面前发表演讲是衡量一个人语言运用能力的重要标志。
能用英语和他人就一个主题进行辩论是外语学习较高层次的要求；写演讲稿也是写作的高层次要求，因为演讲稿是一种特殊的文体，从用词、修辞、句子结构到篇章结构都有严格的要求。
从不同的方位和各个层次把问题分析得有条有理，给听众提供信服的证据和结论也是演讲家必备的能之一。
高等教育不仅要培养工程师、教师、科学家、医生、各种管理人员，同时培养企业领导人、国家领导人以及雄辩的演讲家和辩论家也是高等教育的目标之一.
要培养良好的语言表达能力需要大量的语言操练和科学思维的训练,同时要加强背诵讲稿的能力。
里根总统在当演员是就练成了非凡的记忆力。
演讲时配合得当的手势、恰如其分的面部表情，以及清晰的发音，准确的句子和词的重音都是需要长期训练的。
BasicrequirementsforPublicSpeechandDebate
Speechesarenotmagic.Aspeechisacombinationofinformationandopinionwrittenonpaperandspoken.Ifyoucanhaveathoughtfulconversation,youcanwriteandgiveathoughtfulspeech.ThisisjustonemorereasonwhyspokenEnglishissoimportant.Thefollowingarethebasicrequirementsforapublicspeech.
1.Thespeechshouldfocusononetopicsothattheaudiencecaneasilygetthegist.Thespeechthatcoverstoomanythoughts,opinionsorideascouldonlyconfusetheaudience.
2.Nospeechshouldlastmorethan20minutes.Themoreimportantthemessage,thelesstimerequiredtosayit.Themoreyouspeak,themoreboringtheaudientfinditis.Inotherwords,theshorteryourspeechis,themoreeasilyitcanberemembered!
TheGettysburgAddressgivenbyPresidentLincolnlastedonlyabout3minutes.
3.Complicatedsentencepatternsshouldbeavoided.Andparallelstructuremayveryoftenproduceamazingeffect.
4.Chooseyourwordscarefully.It’simportanttorememberthatyourwordsmustbehearableandcomprehensiblethefirsttimetheyarespoken.
5.Aclearpronunciationisnecessarysincealotofwordssoundalikeandthespeakerhastogiveadistinctpronunciationofeveryword,butsometimeshehastospeakveryslowly,sometimesveryquicklywithexcitingrhythm.
6.Withthehelpofgesture,thespeakersometimeshastoinvitetheaudienceforparticipation,resultinginanexcitingatmosphere.
7.Humorisvital.Everyspeechneedsit,andyouneedit,too,probablyatthetop.RonaldReaganalwayswantedajokeatthebeginningofaspeechbecauseheneededthequickvictoryoflaughter.Ithelpedhimrelax.Italsohelpedtheaudiencerelax.
8.Whiledebatingwithothers,themostimportantistocollectconvincingfactsordatatosupportyourpointofviewandcometoaconvincingconclusion.
9.Debatingisanartthatneedstechniquesaswellasintensivetraining.Therationalanalysisofthequestionconcernedandaquickresponsearebasedontheparticipant’swiderangeofknowledge.
10.Don’tforgettosaythanks.Sayyourthanksinthemannerorwiththetone.Offeracomplimentorawarmwordwheneveryoucan.
英语演讲及辩论课程计划
TeachingPlan
Thissemesterwearetohave8topicsforpublicspeechanddebateand4pressconferences.Andeachtopiccovers4hours;forthefirst2hours,studentsaredividedintosmallgroups（eachconsisting4）anddiscussthequestionsgivenonthetopic.Afterclass,theyhavetocollectinformationonthetopicthroughinternetorbyreadingEnglishnewspapers.Thentheyhavetowriteaspeechof800to1000words.Forthesecond2hours,studentshavetodelivertheirspeeches,witheachspeechlastingforabout10to15minutes.Thenthespeakerhastoanswerthequestionsraisedbytheirpeersandtrytodefendhis/herview.
Thefourpressconferencesareheldinclassbutpreparationistobedoneafterclass,basedonthetopicsgivenbytheinstructororselectedbystudentsthemselves.Eachpressconferenceneeds3speakers,onestandingforanexpertinaspecificacademicfield,anotherforgovernmentofficial,theotherfororganizerofthepressconference.Eachspeakerhastodeliverashortspeechconcerningthetopicgivenandbereadytoanswerthequestionsraisedbytheirpeers.Thepreparationcoversthecollectionofinformationfrominternet,readingnewspapers,listeningtotheradiosordiscussionamongstudents.
Week1to2:
Topics:
UrbanizationinChina（Aconstantmigrantarmyoffarmersfromruralareasintourbanareas,advantagesanddisadvantages从乡村大量流入大城市的农民工给社会发展都带来了那些好处和弊端？
）
Questionstobediscussed:
1.Whataretheadvantagesofaconstantflowoffarmersfromcountrysideintocities?
Whatarethemajorcontributionsthatthemigratingfarmershavemadeinyourview?
2.Whatarethedisadvantagescausedbythemigratingfarmers?
Whichonedoyouthinkthathasthebiggestpotentialdanger?
3.Whatcangovernmentatdifferentlevelsdowhensomanyfarmerscannotgettheirregularpay?
4.Whydosomanycitypeoplelookdownthemwhiletheybenefitalotfromthesemigratingfarmers?
5.Whyisitinevitabletostopthisconstantflowoffarmersduringtheprocessofoururbanizationandmodernization?
6.WhatarethemainfeaturesofChineseurbanization?
Week3to4：
Topics：
Marriageanddivorce（Therisingdivorcerates,thedevelopmentofman’scivilizationorthedeclineofman’smoralstandard中国目前持高不下的离婚率是人类文明的进步还是人们道德水准的下降？
）
Questiontobediscussed:
1.WhatarethemainfactorsthatcauseddivorceinChinanow?
Whichonedoyouthinkismoreimportantthanothers?
2.WhydoesoursocietybecomesotoleratetothethirdpartnerinthemarriageinChinanow?
3.Whydoescohabitation（同居）becomessopopularinChinanow?
4.Whydostudentsfromsingleparentfamilytendtohavementalproblems?
Whathelpcanweoffer?
5.WhydoeseconomicboominginChinatriggersrisingdivorcewhileinWesternsocietyeconomicdepressionresultsindivorcebooming?
（forreference）
6.Whoarehurtmostinthedivorce?
Theparentsofthosewhoareinvolved?
Orthewife?
Orthechildren?
Why?
7.Whydogovernmentsatdifferentlevelsadaptmanypoliciestoprotectchildren’benefitswhentheirparentsdivorce?
Whydochildrenwhoseparentsarenotillegallymarriedsharethesamebenefitsasotherchildrenwhentheirparentsparted?
Marriageis,ofcoursebasedonlovebutthatdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatwhenlovehasgonethemarriageisover.Marriageneedsnourishing.Itneedsmutualtrust,loyalty,understanding,consideration,patience,devotionaswellassacrifice.
Week5to6:
Topic:
Smoking,anenjoymentorslowsuicide（抽烟是一种享受还是一种慢性自杀？
）
Questionstobediscussed:
1．Whydoesthenumberofsmokers,especiallyteenagers,keeprisingdramaticallyinChinawhileitdropsdownsharplyindevelopedcountries?
2．Whydoesgovernmentswarnpeopleofthedangerofsmokingwhileencouragefarmerstogrowmoretobaccosandmanufacturerstoproducemorecigarettes?
3．Whydosomanymedicaldoctorskeepsmokingeveniftheyknowmanyoftheirpatientsdieofsmokingrelateddiseases?
4．Whydosomanycollegestudentskeepsmokingeveniftheydon’thaveanyincome?
5．Ifoneofyourfamilymemberssmokeswhathazardscanitbringtothefamily?
Whatcanyoudotohelphim/herquitsmoking?
6．Whydoesgovernmentsatdifferentlevelsbansmokinginpublicplaces?
Whateffectivemeasurescanbetakentodoit?
7．Whyisdifficulttodetectsmokingrelateddiseases,suchaslungcancers?
8．Ifyourspouseisaheavysmoker,whatcanyoudohelphim/her?
Andifallthatfails,whatcanyoudo?
Week7To8:
Topics:
Developpublictransportationorprivatecars（在中国目前经济条件下，发展公交好还是发展私人小汽车好？
）
1.Whatbenefitscanwegetwhenwetrytodevelopcarindustry?
2.Whatproblemsarecausedbythedevelopmentofcarindustry?
3.Whydomanypeopleinsistthatweshoulddeveloppublictransportationfirst?
4.Isitreasonableformanyyoungcouplestosavemoneytobuyprivatecarsevenifthepriceofgasolinekeepsrising?
Why?
5.Whatisthepossibilityofreplacinggasolinebyotherformsofcleanenergy?
6.Whydoesgovernmentsetverystrictpenaltyfordrunkdriving?
7.Whatdoestheterm“carculturemean”?
WhatisdifferencebetweenAmericanandChineseCarCulture?
Week9to10:
Economicdevelopmentandenvironmentprotection（经济发展与环境保护是否相互矛盾？
）
Questionstobediscussed?
1.Isitcontradictorytodevelopoureconomyandimproveourlivingstandardwhilefocusingontheprotectionofourenvironment?
Why?
2.Whatfactscausetheglobalwarming?
Whatbadeffectscanwepredict?
3.Whatdoesthepolicyofsustainableeconomicdevelopmentreallymean?
4.Whatcanwelearnfromthedevelopedcountrieswhentheyseriouslypollutedtheirenvironmentduringindustrialrevolution?
5.Howcanweestablishafriendlyrelationshipbetweenmananditsenvironment?
Week11to12:
PetAnimals,BenefitsandProblems（宠物给社会带来的好处多余弊端，还是问题多余好处
1.Canyoulistthemainreasonswhysomanypeopleraisepetanimalsathome?
Doyouthinkthatoursocietyissoaffluentthatwecanaffordwhatpetanimalsneed?
2.Whatbenefitsdopetanimalsbringin?
Whatkindsofpeoplearelikelytoraisepetanimals?
Whatkindofpetanimalsdotheyraise?
3.Whatproblemsdopetanimalscause?
Howdowehandletheseproblems?
Whatisthecorrectattitudetowardspetanimalsandtheirownersinoursociety?
4.Itisreasonableforcollegestudentstoraisepetanimalsatdorm?
Ifyes,why?
Ifno,why?
Whatdoesschooldisciplinesayaboutit?
5.Rabies（hydrophobia狂犬病）isadeadlydiseasesp
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