南京邮电大学高等函授.docx
《南京邮电大学高等函授.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《南京邮电大学高等函授.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
南京邮电大学高等函授
南京邮电大学高等函授
英语5学习资料
dress----------v.putclotheson（oneselforsb.else）（给……）穿衣
Willyoudressthechildren?
Howlongdoesittakeyoutodress?
n.---------clothing,esp.outerclothing服装;anoutergarmentwornbywomen,girls,andbabies女装，童装
Inthisoldplay,theactorswearthedressof100yearsago.
Shepreferstodesigndressesforthechildrenbyherself.
（be）dressedin穿着/dressup穿上盛装，精心打扮
instructions-----------clearanddetailedinformation用法说明；指示；指令
Youmustn’ttakethismedicinewithoutdoctor’sinstructions.
Hegavemefullinstructionstoenablemetofindhishouse.
Readtheattachedbookcarefullyandfollowtheinstructionswhenyousetthewashingmachinetowork.
instruct---------v.giveordersordirectionsto;inform指示，指导，通知
Mr.Lininstructedhisstudentshowtomaketheexperiment.
bringdown-----------reduce;causetofall减少，降低
Hewentonadietandinthreemonthsbroughtdownhisweightto100pounds.
I’llgiveyouaninjectiontobringdownthetemperature.
bringabout引起，实现/bringthrough/bringup提出；抚养，培养/bringback使回想起
ifthefever----------华氏102°大约是摄氏39°，人体正常体温一般为98.6°（37°摄氏度）
华氏104°≈摄氏40°
avoid---------keeporgetawayfrom;避免，避开
Istillfeltguiltyforthatandtriedtoavoidhimasmuchaspossible.
Weavoideddrivingthroughlargecitiesonourtrip.
bedetachedfrom---------showingnointerestin,beindifferentto漠视，无动于衷，冷漠，不关心
detach---------v.toseparateesp.fromalargemassandusu.withoutviolenceordamage分开，分离，拆开
Hedetachedhiswatchfromthechain.
It’sdifficulttodetachthetyrefromthewheel
follow----------a）understandclearly理解，听清楚
b）goorcomeafter跟随
c）take（asguide/leader/anexample）听从，遵循
d）engageinabusiness,trade,etc.从事，经营
e）benecessarilytrue作为必然的结果
e.g.Youarereadingtoofastformetofollow.你读得太快，我听不清楚。
MondayfollowsSunday.星期天之后便是星期一。
Thevillagersstillfollowthecustomsoftheirgrandfathers.村民们仍然沿袭他们祖先的习俗。
Oneisunabletofollowtheprofessionwithauniversitydiploma.
没有大学文凭就不能从事这种职业。
Heisgood,butitdoesn’tfollowthatheiswise.他人好，并不见得就聪明。
sofar------uptothepresent到目前为止，迄今为止
Sofar,sogood.
Nootherdamagesarereportedsofar
wakeup--------
Whendoyouusuallywakeup?
“醒来”—最好用wake（up）或awake，不用waken和awaken；被动语态中“被唤醒”一般多用wakened或awakened；在比喻说法中多用awake和awaken。
（would）rather----------morewilling宁愿，宁可
Iwouldratheryoucometomorrowthantoday.
Iwouldrathernotgoouttonight,ifyoudon’tmind.
I’drathergobytrainthanbycar.
I’dstayathomeandwatchTV.
Theoldmanwouldratherliveinthecountrysidethaninthecity.
A:
wouldrather+V---------表示选择，如果要说明对比的对象用：
wouldrather+V+than+V---
相同的动词常省略，意思是“宁愿-----而不愿------”
B否定形式：
wouldrather+not+V
I’drathernotseeyoutomorrow.
C疑问形式：
would提到句首
Wouldyouratherhavewaterthancoffee?
D:
wouldrather+thatclause从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气形式是：
a）与现在事实相反/与将来事实相反----谓语用一般过去时
b）与过去事实相反---------谓语动词用过去完成时，意思是“宁愿，倒希望”
Iwouldratheryoucametomorrowthantoday.
Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellmeaboutthat.
I’dratheryoustartedtoday.
varnish----------cover（sth.）withasmoothappearance把光漆涂在…上/光漆，清漆，油漆
Don’tsitonit.I’vejustvarnishedit.
Hevarnishedthewoodentable.
What’sthebestkindofvanishforthechair?
Ifelltwice,hard----------
hard-------“重重的”前以逗号隔开是为了强调说明“摔”的程度
have-------
A-------have+O+V-ed分词所表示的动作通常不是句子主语完成的，而是别人执行的，即“使人或雇人替自己做”
Shehasthewindowscleanedeverymonth.
B-------have+O+V-ing
a.I’llhaveyoudrivinginthreedays.（表示预期的目标，常与将来时间短语或副词连用）
b.Ifyoudon’tputafenceroundyourgarden,you’llhavepeoplewalkinginandstealingyourfruit.
（不愿引起或造成的后果）
c.Iwon’thaveyouspeakinglikethataboutyourfather.
C-------have+O+V表示不能容忍某事的发生，或不许某种行为，这时该结构仅限于用于否定结构和第一人称，即“Iwon’t/can’thave+O+V-ing”
Havethenextpatientcomeinnowplease.
Ihadeverybodyfilloutaform.
covey---------asmallflockorgroup一小群（鸟）
…ahighclaybankwithoverhangingbrush-----------…asmallclaywithbushes,weeds,andbrancheshangingovertheedge
overhang----------hangoverorstandoutover悬于…之上，突出于……之上，倒垂，倒挂
overhangingbrush-----------倒垂下来的灌木丛
outofsight-----------unabletobeseen看不见，在视野之外
Iwaveduntilthetrainwentoutofsightandthenwenthomesadly.
Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见，心不想（谚语）
scatter-------a）gooffinalldirections散开，使散开，驱散
Thebirdsscatteredatthesoundofthegun.
Micescatterinalldirectionswhenacatappears.
Thecrowdscatteredunderthepressureofthepolice.
Thepolicescatteredthecrowd.
b）throw/putinvariousdirections撒播，散布
Theyscatteredtheseeds.
Wescatteredtheratpoisonaroundthefloor.
Thebookshavebeenscatteredalloverthefloor.
Hescattersmoneyaboutasifhewererich.
somethinglike----------about,approximately大约，大概；有点像
Theprofitsforthisyearhavefallenbysomethinglike20percent.
Everydayhewalkedsomethingliketwomilestoschool.
Thebuildinglookedsomethinglikeachurch.
keep…from----------preventoneselfformdoingsth.;stop
Wemustkeepthemfromgettingtoknowourplans.
Wemustkeepourcityfrombeingpolluted.
WhatshallIdotokeepthisfromgettingdirty?
takeit/thingseasy----------don’tworry;don’thurry;don’tgetexcitedoranxious别紧张，别急，别太累
Takeiteasy,thereisnoneedtobenervous.
Takeiteasy!
Thereisnoneedtoloseyourtemper.
Thedoctortoldhimtotakeiteasyandstopworkingsohard.
IliketotakethingseasywhenI’monholiday.
holdtightontooneself--------keepfirmcontroloveroneself抑制、控制自己
Janewassofrightenedthatshehadtoholdontoherselfnottoscream.
Youshouldremembertoholdontoyourselfwhenyoubecomeexcited.
Hehadahardtimeholdingontohimself.
holdonto----------v.seize,hold…tightly
Holdontomyarmonthisicysurface.
ItwassowindythatIhadtoholdontomyhatallthewayalongthestreet.
Holdontotheropeandwe’llpullyouout.
commence-----------v.比begin,start正式，常用于writtenEnglish。
commencetodosth/commencedoingsth
TherainyseasoncommencesinJunehere.
Wemaynowcommencethemeeting.
diewith/dieof/diefrom-----------表示“死于”
Hediedof/from/withlungcancer.
Hissondiedofsmallpox.
diedown-----------变弱，逐渐消失
Thefilmdieddown.
Theywaitedtillthestormdieddown.
Thefireisdyingdown.Pleasegetmorecoal.
dieout----------消灭，灭绝，绝迹
Iftoomanyoftheserareanimalsarekilled,theirkindwilldieout.
absolutely-----------certainly;completely
Practiceisabsolutelyvitaltothemasteryofaforeignlanguage.
gaze----------looklongandsteadily凝视
Themanturnedhisgazefromonepersontotheotherintheroom.
Theygazedatthestranger.
amountto-----------developinto;beequalto发展为，有成就；等于
不能用于被动，一般是否定形式，宾语通常是anything/little/much/nothing等。
Idon’tthinksuchamancanamounttomuch.我认为这种人不会有什么作为。
Theboyhasnocharacter,hewillneveramounttomuch.
这个男孩没有个性，因此他永远也成不了大器。
Hisansweramountedtoarefusal.他的回答等于拒绝。
hostile----------unfriendly;showingagreatamountofdislike敌对的，不友好的，不利的
Thesepeoplewerequitehostiletooutsiders.这些人对外来人颇有敌意。
Peopleshouldnotbehostiletoanychange.人们不应该对任何改革都持敌视态度。
TheAmericanspokesmanhadmadeitclearthattheyarehostiletothereform.
view…as----------thinkof…as;regard…as将…..视作
Heviewedthewholethingasajoke.
Computersareviewedasagreattechnologicalimprovementwhichsavespeoplemuchtimeandenergy.
escape---------meansofavoidingdifficultiesorresponsibilities逃跑，逃避；漏出，流出
Hehasescapedfromtheprison.
Theexplosionwascausedbyanescapeofgas.
ForTom,listeningtoclassicalmusicisanescapefromreality.
Gasescapedfromthepipe.
inmuchthesamewaythat----------inmuchthesamewayinwhich…
此句型中，that引导的是一个限制性定语从句，先行词为theway,that相当于inwhich。
inthesamewaythat------justas以同样的方式
Hetalkedinmuchthesamewaythathisfatherdid.
Weliketheminthesamewaythatwelikepaintings.
Ididthejobinthesamewaythatyoushowedme.
Muttoniscookedinthesamewaythatbeefiscooked.
interferewith-----------hinder,affect,interrupt干扰，妨碍
Thenoisefromthestreetinterfereswithmystudies.
Youmustn’tletpleasureinterferewithyoustudies.
Thepillarinterfereswiththeview.
Nothingmustbeallowedtointerferewithourplansfortheweekend.
决不允许任何事情妨碍我们的周末计划。
…researcherstriedinterruptingthedreamsofsleepers-----------…researcherscarriedoutexperimentsinwhichtheyinterruptedthedreamsofsleepers
trydoing----------makeanexperimentbydoingsth.试验，尝试
Youshouldtryusinganothermethodifthisonedoesn’twork.
trytodo-----------makeaneffort;attempttodosth.difficult试图，设法，尽力
IoncetriedtolearnFrench,butwithoutmuchsuccess.
benefit----------advantage;help;thingthatproducesgoodresults益处
Worldpeacewouldbeofgreatbenefittothewholeworld.世界和平对全世界都十分有利。
Rebuildingthecanalhasbroughtmanybenefitstoournationaleconomy.
Themoneyistobeusedforthebenefitofthepoor.
Theyhavetroubleconcentrating.------------
havetrouble（in）doingsth.-------------做某事有困难
Hehadtrouble（in）findingoutwhatiswrongwithhiscar.
means---------amethodorway
Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.
bymeansof通过，借助于/benomeans决不/byallmeans想方设法
gobeyond----------exceed,surpass经过；超过；越过
Theresultsoftheexperimentwentbeyondtheirexpectation.
Findingajobinsuchabigcompanyhasalwaysbeenbeyondhiswildestdreams.
Youhavegonebeyondthespeedlimit.Slowdownabitoryou’llbefined.
contributeto-----------helptobringabout促成，有助于
F
升级会员 