高考英语考点名词性从句.docx

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高考英语考点名词性从句.docx

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高考英语考点名词性从句

专题三名词性从句

名词性从句指在复合句中起名词作用的从句,它在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。

名词性从句既是中学英语教学的重点,也是高考考查的热点。

一、名词性从句的分类

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

其连接词有that,if,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。

考查热点一:

对主语从句的考查

主语从句在复合句中充当主语,它可以放在主句谓语动词之前。

但为了保持句子平衡,多数情况下可用it作形式主语,而把主语从句置于句尾。

考查热点二:

对宾语从句的考查

宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

如果主句的谓语动词是及物动make,find,see,think等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后,用it作形式宾语。

另外,某些作表语的形容词,如sure,happy,glad,certain等之后也可以带宾语从句。

考查热点三:

对表语从句的考查

表语从句在句子中作表语,位于主句中的系动词之后。

考查热点四:

对同位语从句的考查

同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象名词之后,进一步说明该名词所表示的具体内容。

可跟同位语从句的名词主要有:

fact,idea,news,promise,belief,condition,doubt,fear,hope,problem,proof,question,reply,report,suggestion,thought,truth等。

二、对名词性从句的考查应注意以下几点:

考查热点五:

考查名词性从句的语序和主从句时态

名词性从句均应用陈述句语序,其时态要保持主从句时态一致性。

考查热点六:

从语境和句子结构需要出发,选择合适的连词

(I)连词that和what:

that无实际意义,在从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接主从句的作用;如that引导宾语从句,常可省略;如引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句,that不能省略。

What引导名词性从句,具有双重功能(既是连词又在句中充当成分),它既可指人,也可指物。

用于人时,what=theperson(s)that,用于物时,what=thething(s)that。

What可以引导主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句。

(II)连词whether和if:

通常whether和if都可以引导宾语从句;但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位词从句和介词后面的宾语从句以及后面跟ornot时只能用whether而不能用if。

(III)连词whoever,whatever和whichever:

这三个词均可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表词从句,且在句中充当一定的成分。

Whoever=nomatterwho(anyonewho);whatever=nomatterwhat(anythingthat);whichever=nomatterwhich(anythingthat)/anyonewho.

(IV)考查其它的连接副词

连接副词在主语从句中起连词作用,同时又在从句中充当一定的句子成分。

选用这些连接副词的关键是:

所选的这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。

考查热点七:

名词性从句中对it的考查

为了保持句子平衡,多数情况下可用it作形式主语或宾语,而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面。

考查热点八:

名词性从句中的强调句型和感叹句

考查热点九:

名词性从句中的插入成分

(I)用于陈述句的插入语结构

含think,suppose,guess,say,imagine,expect,believe等动词的插入语,直接疑问放在句子中间,不用逗号隔开。

(II)用于疑问句的插入语结构

含think,suppose,guess,say,imagine,expect,believe等动词的疑问句,后接含疑问词的宾语从句时,要将疑问词放在句首。

考查热点十:

名词性从句中的否定转移现象

当主句的主语为第一人称,且主句的及物动词为表示感知的动词,如:

think,suppose,guess,say,imagine,expect,believe等时,常把对宾语从句的否定放在主句中,如主句中的主语是第一人称单数I时,其反意疑问句应跟从句变,并且主句中的否定转移到从句。

考查热点十一:

名词性从句中的虚拟语气

在“Itissuggested/required/ordered/apity/ashame/nowonder/necessary/strange/…+that从句”结构中,that从句谓语有时用(should)do这样的虚拟语气形式。

【巩固性练习】

从下列选项中选择最佳答案。

1.isknowntousallisthatChinahaslaunchedShenzhouVIIspaceshipsuccessfully.

A.ItB.As

C.WhatD.That

2.Whatwashehadatschoolmadehimagreatsuccess?

A.that;thatB.it;that

C.that;whichD.this;which

3.theteachersaysseemsreasonabletome.iswhyIhavemadeupmymindtoremembertheteacherteachesme.

A.Whatever;This;whichever

B.Nomatterwhat;That;whatever

C.Whatever;That;nomatterwhat

D.What;That;whatever

4.Darcyleftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.

A.whoB.that

C.asD.which

5.Irememberthisusedtobeaverysmallvillage.

A.whenB.howC.whereD.what

6.Afterfivehours'drive,theygottotheythoughtwastheplacetheyhadbeendreamingof.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what

7.Severalweeksaftertheaccident,thepatientwasabletocarryout

seemedtobeanormaltalk.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it

8.Wuliang,asaPartymember,alwaysthinksofhecandomoreforthepeople.

A.whatB.whyC.howD.if

9.Ifyoufeeltiredandsickoffatfood,thatisyouhavetogotothehospitalforamedicalexamination.

A.whyB.whenC.whetherD.What

10.Somepeoplearebomwiththebelieftheyaremastersoftheirownwhileothersfeeltheyareatthemercyofothers.

A.what;thatB.that;what

C.that;/D./;that

11.—HowdoyouthinkIcanmakeupwithJack?

—Setasideyoudisagreeandtrytofindyouhaveincommon.

A.what;whatB.where;what

C.what;whetherD.where;whether

12.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass

hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.

A.whyB.thatC.whereD.because

13.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameaprofessorinawell,knownuniversity,hismotherhadexpected.

A.thatwaswhatB.whatwasthat

C.andwhichwasD.whichwaswhat

14.Wasithesaidorsomethinghedidthatmadehercrysosadly?

A.that;whichB.that;what

C.what;thatD.what;what

15.IsBeijing-TianjinintercityrailwayplaysanimportantroleinChina'srailwayhistorythetopicthatheiscomingto?

A.whatB.itC.thisD.that

Keys:

1-5CBDBA6-10DACBC11-15BBDCD

【巩固练习】

1.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststheearthisbecomingwamerandwarmertheseyears.(2009江西)

A.whatB.which

C.thatD.though

2.Weshouldconsiderthestudents'requesttheschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.(2009重庆)

A.thatB.when

C.whichD.where

3.ThelasttimewehadgreatfunwaswewerevisitingtheWater:

Park.(2008天津)

A.whereB.how

C.whenD.why

4.wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.(2008山东)

A.ItB.This

C.WhatD.As

5.NewscamefromtheschoolofficeWangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.(2009四川)

A.whichB.what

C.thatD.where

6.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatetheyhopewillbethe'bestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.(2008北京)

A.whichB.that

C.whatD.who

7.—Isthereanypossibilityyoucouldpickmeupattheairport?

—Noproblem.(2009浙江)

A.whenB.that

C.whetherD.what

8.Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.(2009湖南 )

A.whicheverB.however

C.whateverD.whoever

9.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstoseeitgotanybetter.(2009北京)

A.whenB.howC.whyD.if

10.Itisnotimmediatelyclearthefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.(2009上海)

A.sinceB.what

C.whenD.whether

【完成句子】

1.Thenews(那栋房子被烧毁)lastnightsurprisedeveryone.(burn)

2.(他是否出过国)doesn'tmakemuchdifference.(he,abroad)

3.WhatIrecommendedis(他应该采取措施)intime.(measure)

4.Noonecanbesure(人类看上去将会是什么样)inmillionyears.(look)

5.Itisobvioustothestudents(他们应该为将为做好充分的准备)theirfuture.(prepare)

6.,(我们是否去野营)tomorrowdependsontheweather.(camp)

7.Theschoolofthefuturewillprobablybequitedifferentfrom

(现在的样子).(what)

8.Hissuggestionis(我们要保护当地的环境)whiledevelopingeconomyishighlythoughtofbygovernment.(protect)

9.(他们所拥有的共同之处)isthattheyareallindependent.(common)

10.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis

(我们不同意之处).(disagree)

 

Keys:

I,1-5CACCC6-10CBCDD

II.1.that'thehousewasburntdown

2.Whetherhehasbeenabroadornot

3.thathe(should)takemeasures

4.whatmanwilllooklike

5.thattheyshouldgetwellpreparedfor

6.Whetherwe'llgocamping

7.whattheyaretoday

8.thatwe(should)protectlocalenvironment

9.Whattheyhaveincommon

10.whereIdisagree

1.(09天津卷,7)Itisobvioustothestudentstheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.

A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that

2.(09北京卷,31)Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstoseeitgotanybetter.

A.whenB.howC.whyD.if

3.(09陕西卷,17)Thehow-tobookcanbeofhelptowantstodothejob.

A.whoB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoever

4.(09上海卷,40)Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksofhecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how

5.(08,北京卷)Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate

theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21thcentury.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who

6.(06,全国卷)Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?

Thatwas

wedidthismorning.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what

7.(08,湖南卷)Whenaskedtheyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved!

A.whatB.whyC.whomD.which

8.(06,北京卷)—Couldyoudomeafavor?

—Itdependsonitis.

A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever

9.(07,全国卷II)mattersmostinlearningEnglishis

enoughpractice.

A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which

10.(06,上海春季)Doris'successliesinthefactsheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why

参考答案:

1—5DDDDC6—10DACAB

1.(09全国卷I,24)CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?

A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever

2.(09江苏卷,34)ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave

couldbelife'smostimportantdecision—marriage-almostentirelyuptoluck.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.what

3.(09安徽卷,27)AgoodfriendofminefromIwasbomshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.

A.howB.whomC.whenD.which

4.(09四川卷,7)NewscamefromtheschoolofficeWangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where

5.(09浙江卷,12)—Isthereanypossibilityyoucouldpickmeupattheairport?

—Noproblem.

A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what

6.(09重庆卷,31)Weshouldconsiderthestudents'request

theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where

7.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouknowisgoodattyping?

A.whomB.whomeverC.whoseD.whoever

8.shewasill,Iwasexpectedtotakeherplacegreatlysurprisedme,forIdidn'thavemuchworkexperience.

A.ThatifB.ThatC.IfthatD.If

9.Thatartcentreisusedtobeafactory,millionsoftractorsweremade.

A.what;whereB.where;where

C.what;whichD.where;which

10.makestheschoolfamousismorethan90%ofthestudentshavebeenadmittedtouniversities.

A.What;becauseB.That;because

C.That;whatD.What;that

11.ThereismuchchanceBillwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.

A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if

12.ThebiggestreasonIlikethenewruleisitsetsagoodexampletoyoungathletes.

A.howB.whyC.thatD.when

13.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleasedhewasamanofaction.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

14.Theseshoeslookverygood,Iwonder.

A.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycost

C.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost

15.Doesmatterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?

A.thatB.whenC.he

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