航海英语902阅读+答案.docx

航海英语902阅读+答案.docx

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航海英语902阅读+答案

大副阅读练习原文

1.Theobjectiveoflashingthecoilsistoformonelarge，immovableblockofunitsintheholdbylashingthemtogether．

Ingeneral，stripcoilsinthreeendrowsinthetoptiershouldbelashed．Topreventfore-and-aftshiftinginthetoptierofbare-woundcoilsgroup-lashingshouldnotbeappliedduetotheirfragilenature；theendrowofatoptiershouldbesecuredbydunnageandwires，whicharetobetightenedfromsidetoside，andbyadditionalwirestothebulkhead．Whencoilsarefullyloadedovertheentirebottomspaceandarewellshored，nolashingsarerequiredexceptforlockingcoils．

Thelashingscanbeofaconventionaltypeusingwiresteelbandoranyequivalentmeans．Conventionallashingsshouldconsistofwireshavingsufficienttensilestrength．Thefirsttiershouldbechocked．Itshouldbepossibletore-tightenthelashingsduringthevoyage．Wirelashingsshouldbeprotectedagainstdamagefromsharpedges．

Iftherearefewcoils，orasinglecoilonly，theyshouldbeadequatelysecuredtotheship，byplacingthemincradles，bywedging，orbyshoringandthenlashingtopreventtransverseandlongitudinalmovement．

1Thelockingcoilis________．

A．acoilsecuredbyshorings

B．acoilplacedincradle

C．acoilusedtosecureothercoils

D．acoilsecuredbywedgings

C

2Thegeneralobjectiveoflashingcoilsistopreventthemfrom________．

A．transverseandlongitudinalmovement

B．rollinginthehold

C．verticalmovement

D．fore-and-aftshifting

A

3Whencoilsarefullyloadedovertanktopandarewellshored，________．

A．threeendrowsinthetoptiershouldbelashed

B．nolashingsarerequiredexceptforlockingcoils

C．theyshouldbesecuredtotheshipbywedging

D．theyshouldbeplacedincradles

B

4.Ifthereisasinglecoil，itssecuringshouldbedoneby________．

A．placingitincradleandthenlashingit

B．shoringitandthenplacingitincradle

C．placingitincradle，wedgingit，shoringitandlashingit

D．lashingthethreeendrows

A

2.Asforsub-contractingandindemnity，theRepairershallbeentitledtosub-contractonanytermsthewholeoranypartoftheWorksandanyandallactsorthingsthatareintheopinionoftheRepairernecessaryordesirabletocarryoutandcompletetheWorks．

TheCustomerundertakesthatnoclaimorallegationshallbemadeagainstanypersonbywhomsoevertheWorksisperformedorundertaken（includingallsub-contractorsoftheRepairer），otherthantheRepairer，whichimposesorattemptstoimposeuponanysuchpersonanyliabilitywhatsoeverinconnectionwiththeWorks，whetherornotarisingoutofnegligenceonthepartofsuchpersonand，ifanysuchclaimorallegationshouldneverthelessbemade，toindemnifytheRepaireragainstallconsequencesthereof．

1.IfaclaimismadebytheCustomeragainstasub-contractor，________．

A．thesub-contractorshallindemnifytheRepaireragainstallconsequencesthereof

B．theCustomershallindemnifythesub-contractoragainstallconsequencesthereof

C．thesub-contractorshallindemnifytheCustomeragainstallconsequencesthereof

D．theCustomershallindemnifytheRepaireragainstallconsequencesthereof

D

2.Accordingtothispassage，________istrue．

A．theCustomerundertakesnottomakeclaimsorallegationsagainsttheRepairer

B．theRepairerundertakesnottomakeclaimsorallegationsagainsttheCustomer

C．theCustomerundertakesnottomakeclaimsorallegationsagainstasub-contractor

D．theRepairerundertakesnottomakeclaimsorallegationsagainstasub-contractor

C

3.TheRepairerisentitledtosub-contractto________onanytermsallthingsthatareinhisopinionnecessarytocompletetheWorks．

A．anyperson

B．theCustomer

C．aclaimer

D．analleger

A

4.Thispassageislikelyextractedfrom________．

A．aB/L

B．Gencon

C．Baltime

D．aShipRepairContract

D

3.Whilstpropercaremustbetakenwiththestowageofallironandsteel，cargoesofpigiron，steelbillets，roundbarsandpipesareparticularlydifficulttosecureeffectively．Intheuppertweendecksofmanytwoandthreedeckshipstheabsenceofhatchcoamingsmorethanafewincheshighaddstothedifficultyofsecuringpigironandbilletscarriedabreastthehatchwaysandthereappearstobeagreaterriskofcargoshiftinginthesespacesthaninthelowerholds．Themosteffectivewaytosecurethesecargoesistolevelthemandoverstowthemwithothersuitablecargo．Theoverstowshouldhavesufficientrigidityorweighttoactasapositivepreventativetothemovementofpigiron，steelbillets，bars，etc．Largequantitiesofuncoveredpigironorbilletsshouldnotbecarriedintheupper-tweendeckswiththeintentionofobtaininganundulylowmetacentricheightsincethisdoesnoteliminatetheriskofcargoshiftingandmayendangertheshipifitdoesshift．

1.Wherethepigiron，steelbillets，roundbarsandpipesarestowedin________ofaship，theirriskofshiftingisthegreatest．

A．theuppertweendeck

B．thelowertweendeck

C．thelowerhold

D．inanytweendeckwithouthatchcoamings

A

2.Themosteffectivewaytostowsuchcargoesaspigiron，steelbillets，roundbarsandpipesisto_______．

A．placethemintheuppertweendeck

B．overstowthemwithsufficientrigidityorweighttoactasapositivepreventativetothemovement

C．lowerthemetacenteroftheship

D．obtainanundulylowmetacentricheight

B

2.Itwillendangertheshipifthepigiron，steelbillets，roundbarsandpipes________．

A．havenoriskofshifting

B．areoverstowedwithothercargoesofsufficientrigidityorweight

C．arestowedinlowerhold

D．shift

D

4.Thispassageislikelyextractedfrom________．

A．aB/L

B．Gencon

C．Baltime

D．aShipRepairContract

C

4.Withonepossibleexception，activityintheDoverStraitduringtheclosinghoursof5May1998wasnormal．Itwasadarkclearnight，thewindwaswest-south-westforce5to6andtrafficwasmovingeasilybothwaysinthetrafficseparationscheme．Assooftenhappensa“rogue”shipwasheadingnorth-eastonthenorthernedgeofthesouth-westboundlane．Itwasnotidentified．

Theonlyadditional，butbynomeansunusual，activitythatnightwasacrosschannelsurveybythe1，774gtsurveyvesselSTMAtria．ShewastraversingthechannelbetweenapositionoffStMargaret'sBayandtheBelgiancoast．Shewasshowingthelightsofavesselrestrictedinherabilitytomanoeuvre，redwhiteandredallroundlights，andalsodisplayinganorangeflashinglight．RegulartrafficinformationaboutheractivitieswasbroadcastbytheCNISeveryhour．ShewasmakingGOODbetween4and5knots．

1.Thetrafficseparationscheme________intheDoverStrait．

A．wasnotestablished

B．willbeestablished

C．wasinoperation

D．wasremoved

C

2.STMAtriawas________．

A．a“rogue”ship

B．asurveyvessel

C．CNIS

D．DoverStrait

B

3.Thespeedofthesurveyvesselisbetween________knots．

A．4and5

B．5and6

C．6and7

D．7and8

A

4.Theshipheadingnorth-east________．

A．wasinthewronglaneofthetrafficseparationscheme

B．wascarryingoutsurveyoperations

C．didnotcarryanycargoonboard

D．wasapirateboat

A

5.Thebulkcarrier，longrecognizedastheworkhorseoftheworldmerchantfleet，hasovertheyearshaditsdesignrefinedandoptimizedonthebasisofprevioussuccessfulexperience．Thisprovidedwhatmanyconsideredtobearelativelyuncomplicatedandsafestructuralconfiguration．

Recently，andregrettablywithlossofhumanlives，aseriesoftragicshiplosseshasfocusedtheattentionofthemarineindustryandthepublicontheperformanceandinherentsafetyofthisshiptype．

Extensiveresearchanddevelopment，principallybythemajorclassificationsocieties，hashighlightedthepossiblecausesofthebulkcarrierlossesandbroughtaboutnecessarychangestothedesignandscantlingsfornewships．Forexistingships，improvementstosafetyareanticipatedthrough

thereinforcementoftheafttransversewatertightbulkhead，andthedoublebottomstructureinway，oftheforemostcargohold，theintroductionofamorerigoroussurveyregimeandgreaterattentiontooperatingprocedures，particularlyduringcargoloadinganddischarge，inordertoavoidoverstressingofthestructureormechanicaldamage．

1.Inthisparagraph，theterm“workhorse”means________．

A．theshipthatperformsdependablyinmarineindustries

B．ahorsethatisusedforlaborratherthanforracingorriding

C．apersonwhoworkstirelessly，especiallyatdifficultortime-consumingtasks

D．somethingthatperformsdependablyunderheavyorprolongeduse

A

2.Therefinedandoptimizeddesignofbulkcarriers，consideredbymanypeople，________．

A．isrelativelyuncomplicatedandsafeintheirstructuralconfiguration

B．isrelativelycomplicatedcomparedwithpreviousstructuralconfiguration

C．isrelativelynotsafeonthebasisofprevioussuccessfulexperience

D．willjoinworldfleetrecently

A

3.The________isnotincludedintheanticipatedimprovementstosafetyforexistingbulkships．

A．introductionofamorerigoroussurveyregimeandgreaterattentiontooperatingprocedures

B．introductionofnecessarychangestothedesignandscantlings

C．reinforcementoftheafttransversewatertightbulkhead

D．reinforcementofthedoublebottomstructureinway

B

4.Itisimpliedthataseriesoftragicbulkshiplosses________．

A．willnotbeavoidedevennewdesignoftheirstructureareintroduced

B．werecontributedbytheimprovementstosafetyforexistingships

C．haslittleeffectonthemarineindustryandthepublic

D．werecausedbytheirinherentstructures

D

6.Theshiploadedwithgeneralcargohadparcelsofsteelpipesof13inchdiameterstowed6tiershighintheaftendofthetweendecks．Twolengthsof2.25inchsteelwirewerelaidathwartshipsacrossthetopofthethirdtierofpip