曼昆微观经济学英文版课后练习题目第一章文档格式.docx
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a.“environment.”
b.“production.”
c.“onewhomanagesahousehold.”
d.“onewhomakesdecisions.”
CDIF:
3.Resourcesare
a.scarceforhouseholdsbutplentifulforeconomies.
b.plentifulforhouseholdsbutscarceforeconomies.
c.scarceforhouseholdsandscarceforeconomies.
d.plentifulforhouseholdsandplentifulforeconomies.
Resources,ScarcityMSC:
Interpretive
4.Economicsdealsprimarilywiththeconceptof
a.scarcity.
b.poverty.
c.change.
d.power.
ADIF:
ScarcityMSC:
5.Whichofthefollowingquestionsisnotansweredbythedecisionsthateverysocietymustmake?
a.Whatdeterminesconsumerpreferences?
b.Whatgoodswillbeproduced?
c.Whowillproducethegoods?
d.Whowillconsumethegoods?
2REF:
1-0
EconomiesMSC:
6.Theoverridingreasonastowhyhouseholdsandsocietiesfacemanydecisionsisthat
a.resourcesarescarce.
b.goodsandservicesarenotscarce.
c.incomesfluctuatewithbusinesscycles.
d.people,bynature,tendtodisagree.
7.Thephenomenonofscarcitystemsfromthefactthat
a.mosteconomies’productionmethodsarenotverygood.
b.inmosteconomies,wealthypeopleconsumedisproportionatequantitiesofgoodsandservices.
c.governmentsrestrictsproductionoftoomanygoodsandservices.
d.resourcesarelimited.
8.Approximatelywhatpercentageoftheworld'
seconomiesexperiencescarcity?
a.25%
b.50%
c.75%
d.100%
9.Whenasocietycannotproduceallthegoodsandservicespeoplewishtohave,itissaidthattheeconomyisexperiencing
b.shortages.
c.inefficiencies.
d.inequities.
10.Forsociety,agoodisnotscarceif
a.atleastoneindividualinsocietycanobtainallheorshewantsofthegood.
b.firmsareproducingthegoodatfullcapacity.
c.allmembersofsocietycanhavealltheywantofthegood.
d.thosewhohaveenoughincomecanbuyalltheywantofthegood.
11.Whichofthefollowingproductswouldbeconsideredscarce?
a.golfclubs
b.Picassopaintings
c.apples
d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.
12.Economicsisthestudyof
a.productionmethods.
b.howsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.
c.howhouseholdsdecidewhoperformswhichtasks.
d.theinteractionofbusinessandgovernment.
BDIF:
Economies,ScarcityMSC:
13.Economicsisthestudyof
a.howsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.
b.thegovernment'
sroleinsociety.
c.howamarketsystemfunctions.
d.howtoincreaseproduction.
14.Inmostsocieties,resourcesareallocatedby
a.asinglecentralplanner.
b.asmallnumberofcentralplanners.
c.thosefirmsthatuseresourcestoprovidegoodsandservices.
d.thecombinedactionsofmillionsofhouseholdsandfirms.
ResourceallocationMSC:
15.Theadage,"
Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch,"
isusedtoillustratetheprinciplethat
a.goodsarescarce.
b.peoplefacetradeoffs.
c.incomemustbeearned.
d.householdsfacemanydecisions.
1-1
TradeoffsMSC:
16.Theadage,"
means
a.evenpeopleonwelfarehavetopayforfood.
b.thecostoflivingisalwaysincreasing.
c.togetsomethingwelike,weusuallyhavetogiveupanotherthingwelike.
d.allcostsareincludedinthepriceofaproduct.
17.Economistsusethephrase"
toillustratetheprinciplethat
a.inflationalmostalwaysresultsinhigherpricesovertime.
b.nothingisfreeinamarketeconomy.
c.makingdecisionsrequirestradingoffonegoalagainstanother.
d.ifsomethinglookstoogoodtobetrue,itprobablyisnotworthpursuing.
18.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestrepresentstheprinciplerepresentedbytheadage,"
Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch"
?
a.Melissacanattendtheconcertonlyifshetakeshersisterwithher.
b.Gregishungryandhomeless.
c.Brianmustrepairthetireonhisbikebeforehecanrideittoclass.
d.KendramustdecidebetweengoingtoColoradoorCancunforspringbreak.
3REF:
Applicative
19.Theprinciplethat"
peoplefacetradeoffs"
appliesto
a.individuals.
b.families.
c.societies.
20.Atypicalsocietystrivestogetthemostitcanfromitsscarceresources.Atthesametime,thesocietyattemptstodistributethebenefitsofthoseresourcestothemembersofthesocietyinafairmanner.Inotherwords,thesocietyfacesatradeoffbetween
a.gunsandbutter.
b.efficiencyandequity.
c.inflationandunemployment.
d.workandleisure.
Efficiency,EquityMSC:
21.Gunsandbutterareusedtorepresenttheclassicsocietaltradeoffbetweenspendingon
a.durableandnondurablegoods.
b.importsandexports.
c.nationaldefenseandconsumergoods.
d.lawenforcementandagriculture.
22.Whensocietyrequiresthatfirmsreducepollution,thereis
a.atradeoffbecauseofreducedincomestothefirms'
ownersandworkers.
b.atradeoffonlyifsomefirmsareforcedtoclose.
c.notradeoff,sincethecostofreducingpollutionfallsonlyonthefirmsaffectedbytherequirements.
d.notradeoff,sinceeveryonebenefitsfromreducedpollution.
23.Atradeoffexistsbetweenacleanenvironmentandahigherlevelofincomeinthat
a.studiesshowthatindividualswithhigherlevelsofincomeactuallypollutelessthanlow-incomeindividuals.
b.effortstoreducepollutiontypicallyarenotcompletelysuccessful.
c.lawsthatreducepollutionraisecostsofproductionandreduceincomes.
d.byemployingindividualstocleanuppollution,employmentandincomebothrise.
24.Whichofthefollowingphrasesbestcapturesthenotionofefficiency?
a.absolutefairness
b.equaldistribution
c.minimumwaste
d.equitableoutcome
EfficiencyMSC:
25.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
a.Efficiencyreferstothesizeoftheeconomicpie;
equityreferstohowthepieisdivided.
b.Governmentpoliciesusuallyimproveuponbothequityandefficiency.
c.Aslongastheeconomicpiecontinuallygetslarger,noonewillhavetogohungry.
d.Efficiencyandequitycanbothbeachievediftheeconomicpieiscutintoequalpieces.
26.Efficiencymeansthat
a.societyisconservingresourcesinordertosavethemforthefuture.
b.society'
sgoodsandservicesaredistributedequallyamongsociety'
smembers.
c.society'
sgoodsandservicesaredistributedfairly,thoughnotnecessarilyequally,amongsociety'
d.societyisgettingthemaximumbenefitsfromitsscarceresources.
27.Economistsusethewordequitytodescribeasituationinwhich
a.eachmemberofsocietyhasthesameincome.
b.eachmemberofsocietyhasaccesstoabundantquantitiesofgoodsandservices,regardlessofhisorherincome.
c.societyisgettingthemaximumbenefitsfromitsscarceresources.
d.thebenefitsofsociety'
sresourcesaredistributedfairlyamongsociety'
EquityMSC:
28.SenatorSmithwantstoincreasetaxesonpeoplewithhighincomesandusethemoneytohelpthepoor.SenatorJonesarguesthatsuchataxwilldiscouragesuccessfulpeoplefromworkingandwillthereforemakesocietyworseoff.Aneconomistwouldsaythat
a.weshouldagreewithSenatorSmith.
b.weshouldagreewithSenatorJones.
c.agooddecisionrequiresthatwerecognizebothviewpoints.
d.therearenotradeoffsbetweenequityandefficiency.
29.Whichofthefollowingwordsandphrasesbestcapturesthenotionofequity?
a.minimumwaste
b.maximumbenefit
c.sameness
d.fairness
30.Whengovernmentpoliciesareenacted,
a.equitycanusuallybeenhancedwithoutanefficiencyloss,butefficiencycanneverbeenhancedwithoutanequityloss.
b.efficiencycanusuallybeenhancedwithoutanequityloss,butequitycanneverbeenhancedwithoutanefficiencyloss.
c.itisalwaysthecasethateitherefficiencyandfairnessarebothenhanced,orefficiencyandequityarebothdiminished.
d.Noneoftheabovearecorrect.
Government,Efficiency,EquityMSC:
31.Alikelyeffectofgovernmentpoliciesthatredistributeincomeandwealthfromt
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