朗文词典核心词汇.docx
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朗文词典核心词汇
朗文词典注释所用2000核心词汇集
TheLongmanDefiningVocabulary
Wordsusedinthedefinitionsinthisdictionary
Allthedefinitionsinthisdictionaryhavebeenwrittenusingthewordsinthislist.Ifadefinitionincludesawordthatisnotinthelist,thatwordisshowninsmallcapitalletters.
TheDefiningVocabularyhasbeencarefullychosenafterathoroughstudyofallthewell-knownfrequencylistsofEnglishwords.Furthermore,onlythemostcommonand‘entral’meaningsofthewordsinthelisthaveactuallybeenusedindefinitions.WehavealsousedaspecialcomputerprogramthatcheckseveryentrytoensurethatwordsfromoutsidetheDefiningVocabularydonotappearindefinitions.
Wordclassrestrictions
Forsomewordsinthelist,awordclasslabelsuchasnoradjisshown.Thismeansthatthisparticularwordisusedindefinitionsonlyinthewordclassshown.Soanger,forexample,isusedonlyasanounandnotasaverb.Butifnowordclassisshownforaword,itcanbeusedinanyofitsusualwordclasses:
answer,forexample,isusedindefinitionsbothasanounandasaverb.
Compoundwords
DefinitionsoccasionallyincludecompoundwordsformedfromwordsintheDefiningVocabulary,butthisisonlydoneifthemeaningiscompletelyclear.Forexample,thewordbusinessman（formedfrombusinessandman）isusedinsomedefinitions.
Prefixesandsuffixes
Themainlistisfollowedbyalistofcommonprefixesandsuffixes.Thesecanbeaddedtowordsinthemainlisttoformderivedwords,providedthemeaningiscompletelyclear.Forexample,thewordnervousness（formedbyadding-nesstonervous）isusedinsomedefinitions.
Phrasalverbs
PhrasalverbsformedbycombiningwordsintheDefiningVocabulary（forexample,putupwith）arenotusedindefinitionsinthedictionary,exceptinaverysmallnumberofcaseswherethephrasalverbisextremelycommonandthereisnocommonequivalent.So,forexample,giveup（asingiveupsmoking）andtakeoff（asintheplanetookoff）areoccasionallyused.
Propernames
TheDefiningVocabularydoesnotincludethenamesofactualplaces,nationalities,religions,andsoon,whichareoccasionallymentionedindefinitions.
PearsonEducationLimited1999
Atotalof2043words,byQxlee
A
a
abbreviation
ability
able
about
aboveadv,prep
abroad
absence
absentadj
accept
acceptable
accident
accidental
according（to）
accountn
achieve
achievement
acid
across
act
action
active
activity
actor,actress
actual
actually
add
addition
additional
address
adjective
admiration
admire
admit
adult
advanced
advantage
adventuren
adverb
advertise
advertisement
advice
advise
affair
affect
afford
afraid
afteradv,conj,prep
afternoon
afterwards
again
against
agen
ago
agree
agreement
ahead
aim
airn
aircraft
airport
alcohol
alive
alladv,pron,determiner,predeterminer
allow
almost
alone
along
alphabet
already
also
although
always
among
amountn
amuse
amusement
amusing
an
ancientadj
and
angern
anglen
angry
animal
announce
annoy
annoying
another
answer
anxiety
anxious
any
anyone
anything
anywhere
apart
apartment
appear
appearance
apple
approval
approve
area
argue
argument
armn
army
around
arrange
arrangement
arrival
arrive
art
article
artificial
as
asopposedto
ashamed
ask
asleep
association
at
atom
attack
attempt
attend
attention
attitude
attract
attractive
authority
autumn
available
averageadj,n
avoid
awakeadj
awayadv
awkward
B
baby
backadj,adv,n
background
backward（s）adv
bad
bagn
bakev
balance
balln
bandn
bankn
barn
basen,v
basic
basket
bathn
battlen
be
beachn
beak
beamn
bean
bear
beat
beautiful
beauty
because
become
bed
beer
before
begin
beginning
behave
behaviour
behindadv,prep
belief
believe
bell
belong
below
beltn
bend
beneath
beside（s）
best
betteradj,adv
between
beyondadj,adv
bicyclen
bigadj
bill
bird
birth
bit
bite
bitteradj
blackadj,n
blade
blame
blindadj
block
blood
blow
blue
boardn
boat
body
boil
bomb
bonen
bookn
bootn
bordern
bored
boring
born
borrow
both
bottlen
bottomn
bowln
boxn
boy
brainn
branchn
braveadj
bread
breakv
breakfastn
breast
breath
breathe
breed
brick
bridgen
bright
bring
broadadj
broadcastv
brother
brownadj,n
brush
buildv
building
bullet
burn
burstv
bury
bus
bush
business
busy
butconj
buttern
buttonn
buyv
byprep
C
caken
calculate
callv
calmadj
camera
campn,v
can
cap
capitaln
car
card
care
careful
careless
carriage
carry
casen
castle
cat
catchv
cattle
cause
ceiling
celebrate
cell
central
centren
century
ceremony
certainadj,determiner
chainn
chairn
chancen
change
character
charge
chasev
cheap
cheatv
check
cheekn
cheerful
cheese
chemical
chemistry
cheque
chest
chicken
chief
child
children
chin
chocolate
choicen
choose
churchn
cigarette
cinema
circlen
circularadj
citizen
city
claimv
classn
clay
cleanadj,v
clearadj,v
clever
cliff
climbv
clockn
closeadj,adv,v
cloth
clothes
clothing
cloudn
clubn
coal
coastn
coatn
coffee
coinn
coldadj,n
collarn
collectv
college
colour
comb
combination
combinev
come
comfort
comfortable
command
committee
commonadj
communicate
communication
company
comparev
comparison
compete
competition
competitor
complain
complaint
complete
completely
complicated
compoundn
computer
concernv
concerning
concert
conditionn
confidence
confident
confuse
confusing
connect
connection
conscious
consider
consist
contain
container
continue
continuous
contractn
control
conversation
cookn,v
copy
corn
cornern
correctadj,v
cost
cotton
cough
could
counciln
countv
countryn
countryside
courage
coursen
courtn
cover
cown
crackn,v
crashn,v
crazy
creamn
creature
crime
criminal
criticism
criticize
cropn
crossn,v
crowd
cruel
crushv
cry
cupn
cupboard
cure
curl
currentn
curtainn
curve
customn
customer
cut
cyclev
D
dailyadj,adv
damage
dance
danger
dangerous
dark
daten
daughter
day
deadadj
dealn
dealwith
death
debt
decay
deceive
decide
decision
decorate
decoration
decrease
deepadj
defeat
defence
defend
definite
definitely
degree
delay
deliberateadj
deliberately
delicate
deliver
demand
department
depend
dependent
depth
describe
description
desertn
deserve
design
desirable
desire
desk
destroy
destruction
detailn
determination
determined
develop
dictionary
diev
difference
different
difficult
difficulty
digv
dinner
direct
direction
dirt
dirtyadj
disappoint
disappointing
discover
discovery
discuss
discussion
diseasen
dishn
dismiss
distance
distant
divide
dov
doctorn
documentn
dogn
dollar
door
doubleadj,v,predeterminer
doubt
downadv,prep
drawv
drawer
dream
dressn,v
drink
driven,v
drop
drugn
drumn
drunkpastpart,adj
dry
duckn
dulladj
during
dustn
duty
E
each
eager
ear
early
earn
earthn
east
eastern
easyadj
eat
economic
edgen
educate
educated
education
effectn
effective
effort
egg
eight
either
elbow
electv
election
electric
electricity
electronic
else
embarrass
embarrassing
emotion
emphasize
employv
employer
employment
emptyadj,v
enclose
encourage
end
enemy
energy
engine
engineern
enjoy
enjoyable
enjoyment
enough
enter
entertain
entertainment
entrancen
envelope
environment
equaladj,n
equipment
escape
especially
establish
evenadj,adv
evening
event
ever
every
everyone
everything
everywhere
evil
exactadj
exactly
examination
examine
example
excellent
exceptconj,prep
exchange
excite
exciting
excuse
exercise
exist
existence
expect
expensive
experience
explain
explanation
explode
explosion
explosive
expressv
expression
extremeadj
extremely
eye
F
face
fact
factory
failv
failure
fairadj
fairly
faith
faithfuladj
fall
false
familiar
family
famous
far
farm
farmer
fashionn
fashionable
fastadj,adv
fasten
fat
fathern
faultn
favourable
favouriteadj
fearn
feathern
featuren
feedv
feelv
feeling（s）
female
fencen
fever
few
fieldn
fifth
fight
figuren
fillv
film
finaladj
finally
financial
findv
findout
fineadj
fingern
finishv
fire
firmadj
firstadj,determiner
fish
fitadj,v
five
fixv
flagn
flamen
flashn,v
flatadj
flesh
flight
floatv
flood
floorn
flourn
flow
flowern
flyn,v
fold
follow
fond
food
footn
football
forprep
force
foreign
foreigner
forestn
forget
forgive
forkn
form
formal
former
fortunate
forward（s）adv
four（th）
framen
free
freedom
freezev
frequentadj
fresh
friend
friendly
frighten
frightening
from
frontadj,n
fruitn
fulladj
fun
funeral
funny
furn
furniture
furtheradj,adv
future
G
gainv
gamen
garagen
garden
gasn
gate
gatherv
generaladj
generally
generous
gentle
gentleman
get
gift
girl
givev
glad
glassadj,n
glue
gov
goat
god
gold
good
goodbye
goods
govern
government
graceful
gradual
grain
gram
grammar
grandadj
grandfather
grandmother
grandparent
grassn
grateful
graven
greatadj
green
greet
greeting
greyadj,n
groundn
groupn
grow
growth
guardv
guessv
guestn
guide
guilty
gunn
H
habit
hair
half
hall
hammern
handn
handle
hangv
happenv
happy
hard
hardly
harm
harmful
hat
hatev
hatred
have
he
headn
health
healthy
hear
heart
heat
heaven
heavyadj
heeln
height
hello
help
helpful
h
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