河北省邢台市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

河北省邢台市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

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河北省邢台市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

河北省邢台市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

Wherecanyouvolunteeryourtime?

Checkoutthese4activitiesforexcellentvolunteeropportunitiesthatrequirenopreviousexperience.

AnimalRescueShelters

Localanimalsheltersalwaysneedvolunteers.Brushupyourofficeskillsbyansweringemailsorphonecalls,andprovidinggeneraladministrativeassistance.Trymakingsomeconnectionsamongthestafforofferingyourdogwalkingservicestothepetowners.Itmakesforagreatpart-timejob,andplus,mayturnintoafull-timeone.

HabitatforHumanity

HabitatforHumanityofferslocallytargetedvolunteeropportunities.Ifyouareinterestedindevelopingexperienceinhomerepairandbuildingmaintenance,checkoutitsABrushWithKindnesscampaignortheWomenBuildprogram,designedspecificallytohelpwomenlearnconstructionskills.Yourexperiencecancontributedirectlytoteam-buildingandleadershipability.

LocalLibraries

Asateenager,Ivolunteeredatmylocallibraryforafewhoursaweekforaschoolproject.IlikeditsomuchthatIendedupvolunteeringeveryweekanddevelopedalife-longloveofbooks.Librariesbadlyneedhelptoorganizeshelvesandassistreaders,andyoumaysometimeshelpsetupandrunpublicevents,suchasauthorsigningsandbookfairs.

ArtMuseums

Ifyouloveart,workinginamuseumcanbeaninvaluableexperience.Youcansurroundyourselfwithtimelessworksofart,soakupknowledge,andacquireadministrativeskillsmeanwhile.Getinvolvedinthecommunitybyvolunteeringforfamilyprogramsandchildren’sactivitiesatyourlocalmuseum.

1．Whatisanextraadvantagewhenyouvolunteerinanimalshelters?

A．Owningyourfavoritepetfree.B．Becomingafull-timedogwalker.

C．Helpingtobuildupyourknowledgebase.D．Contributetoyourownleadershipability.

2．Wherecanyoulearnskillsofbetteringyourhome?

A．AtHabitatforHumanity.B．Atalocalanimalshelter.

C．Atalocallibrary.D．Atanartmuseum.

3．Whatisbadlyneededforlocallibraries?

A．Helpingdesignposters.B．Helpingwithpublicevents.

C．Organizinglargebookfairs.D．Organizingbooksontheshelves.

StephenHawkingwasregardedasoneofthemostbrilliantphysicistsinhistory.Hisworkontheoriginsandstructureoftheuniverse,fromtheBigBangtoblackholes,changedthefieldgreatly.Hisbest-sellingbooksalsoappealedtoanumberofreaders.

StephenHawkinghadachallenginglife.HewasborninEnglandonJan.8,1942-300yearstothedayafterthedeathoftheastronomerGalileoGalilei.HeattendedUniversityCollege,Oxford,wherehestudiedphysics,despitehisfather’surgingtofocusonmedicine.HawkingwentontoCambridgetoresearchcosmology.

Inearly1963,justbeforehis2lstbirthday,Hawkingsufferedfromaseriousdisease,morecommonlyknownasLouGehrig’sdisease.Hewasnotexpectedtolivemorethantwoyears.Completinghisdoctor’sdegreedidnotappearlikely.Yet,Hawkinghadovercomethegreatdifficulties,notonlyattaininghisPh.D．butalsobuildingnewroadsintotheunderstandingoftheuniverseinthedecadessince.

HawkingcontinuedatCambridgeafterhisgraduation,servingasaresearchfellowandlaterasaprofessionalfellow.In1974，hewasinducted（正式就职）intotheRoyalSociety，aworldwidefellowshipofscientists.In1979,hewasappointedLucasianProfessorofMathematicsatCambridge,themostfamousacademicchairintheworld.

Asthediseasespread,Hawkingbecamelessmobileandbeganusingawheelchair.Talkinggrewmorechallengingand,in1985,anemergencytracheotomy（气管切开术）causedhistotallossofspeech.Aspeech-generatingdevicewasconstructedatCambridge,combinedwithasoftwareprogram,servingashiselectronicvoiceandallowingHawkingtoselecthiswordsbymovingthemusclesinhischeek.HawkingdiedonMarch14,2018.

4．WhatgreatlyinfluencedthefieldStephenHawkingstudied?

A．StephenHawking’sbest-sellingbooks.

B．HisresearchontheBigBangandblackholes.

C．StephenHawking’stalent.

D．Theoriginsandstructureoftheuniverse.

5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cosmology”inparagraph2mean?

A．Astudyaboutuniverse.

B．Asubjectofmedicine.

C．Aresearchontime.

D．AprojectinCambridge.

6．WhathappenedtoStephenHawkinginearly1963?

A．Hebecameworldfamous.

B．Heachievedhisdoctor’sdegree.

C．Hewasbadlyaffectedbyaseriousdisease.

D．Hebuiltnewroadsintotheunderstandingoftheuniverse.

7．HowdidStephenHawkingexpresshimselffinally?

A．Byusingbodylanguage.

B．Withthehelpofanoperation.

C．Byusingaspeech-generatingdevice.

D．Withthehelpofsomepeople.

Japanesescientistsandtechnologycompaniesarecomingupwithnewwaystodealwithemployeeshortagesindeliveryservice.Howexactly?

Byintroducingarobotthatcandeliverfoodtoyourhome.AJapanesecompanyZMPhaslaunchedrobottestsrecently.

TheZMP'sdeliveryrobotintheprocessoftestingisaredboxthatmeasures109cmand133cminheightsandlengthsrespectively.Itisdesignedtocarryupto100kilogramsofanythingwithaapproximatespeedof4milesanhour.Ithasitsownnavigatingsystemandamap,sensors（传感器）andcamerasthatallowittoself-drive.These,fornow,areitsmaintechnicalabilities.Thenextdevelopmentswillbecontroloffoodtemperature,andperhaps，voicecontrolandspeakingabilities.

Therobotwillbetestedtogetherwithalocalsushi（寿司）deliverycompanyRideonExpressCo.Uponmakingasushiorder,customerswillreceivecodesontheirsmartphonesthatwillallowthemtounlocktherobotandgettheirordersout.SimilartestingattemptshavebeenundertakenbyDomino'sPizzainAustralia,wheretheytestedadeliveryrobotayearago.

Inanycase,beforerobotsareabletodeliverfoodoranyothergoodstorealcustomers,massivetestingonpublicroadsorinthepublicairspacewillhavetotakeplace.Whileitisinthegovernment'sbestinteresttomakeupfortheshortageofdeliveryintheJapaneselabormarket,itisclearthatself-drivingmachinesofanykindwillnotbepermittedontheroadsuntiltheyarefullytestedandprovensafeenoughforpublicroads.Accordingtotheexperts,thiscouldtakeanother3to5years.

Inanycase,robotdeliveryisnotsuchadistantfutureafterall,andrecentdevelopmentsshowthatthereissignificantmarketdemandforsuchtypeofdelivery.

8．HowdoJapanesehandletheemployeeshortagesindeliveryservice?

A．Byraisingemploymentandworkinghours.

B．Byemployingscienceandtechnology.

C．Byincreasingthesalary.

D．Bydeliveringmoreatatime.

9．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A．Theintroductionofdeliveryrobots.

B．Theusageofdeliveryrobots.

C．Thebasicdataofdeliveryrobots.

D．Theappearanceofdeliveryrobots.

10．What'sthereactionofJapanesegovernmenttodeliveryrobots?

A．Beingcriticalofthetechnology.

B．Ignoringthedevelopment.

C．Beingalittlebithesitated.

D．Becominggreatinterested.

11．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．RobotDelivery：

NewTestsinJapanB．RobotDeliveryComingtoUseinJapan

C．EmployeeShortageinDeliveryinJapanD．LatestAutomaticService：

Robots

HealthofficialsintheUnitedStatesreportedlastweekonwhattheybelievecouldbeamedicalfirst.Officialssaiddoctorsperformedwhatcouldbethefirstdoublelungtransplant（移植）onapersonwhoselungswereseverelydamagedfromvaping（吸电子烟）.Theoperationreportedlysavedthelifeoftheteenager.

TheyoungmanwasadmittedinearlySeptembertoaDetroit-areahospitalwithwhatappearedtobeacommonlunginfection,butwaslatersenttoChildren’sHospitalofMichiganinDetroit.OnOctober3,hewastransportedtoHenryFordHospital,wherethetransplantwasperformed12dayslater.

HassanNemehisasurgicaldirectorofthoracic（胸腔的）organtransplantatHenryFordHospital.HetoldTheAssociatedPress（TheAP）thatthedamagedonetotheteenager’slungsfromvapingwassobadthattherewasnopossibilitytototallyrecover.Hewarnedparentstothinkaboutthatandtotelltheirchildrenaswell.

Morethan2,000AmericanswhovapehavegottensicksinceMarch.Manyofthemareteenagersandyoungadults.Atleast40peoplehavedied.

Recently,theU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionreportedadiscoveryintowhatmightbecausingpeoplewhovapetobecomesick.TheyidentifiedthechemicalcompoundvitaminEacetate（醋酸盐）asa“verystrongcriminal”.

Researchersfoundthechemicalcompoundinfluidtakenfromthelungsof29patients.Inotherstudies,VitaminEacetatewasfoundinliquidfromelectroniccigarettesandothervapingdevices.ManywhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedliquidsthatcontainTHC,thepartofmarijuanathatcreateswhatisknownasa“high”.

Dr.LisaAllenspachisalungspecialistandmedicaldirectorofHenryFord’sLungTransplantProgram.ShetoldTheAP,“Vaping-relatedinjuriesarealltoocommonthesedays.Ouradolescentsarefacedwithacrisis.”Sheaddedthatvapingproductsshouldnotbeusedinanyway.

Dr.Nemehsaidthe17-year-oldpatient’scasedoesnotopenanynewmoralconsiderationsabouttransplantsforpeoplewhoseverelydamagetheirownlungsbyvaping.Headded,“Wehopesharingthispatient’sstorypreventsanyoneelsefromexperiencingavapinginjurythatwouldrequireatransplant.”

12．Whatcanbelearnedabouttheyoungmaninthetext?

A．Hegotcaughtinamoraldilemma.

B．Hewasthefirsttogetsickbyvaping.

C．Hereceivedtheoperationimmediately.

D．Hehadagoodchancetosurvivethelungdamage.

13．Howmanyhospitalsarementionedinthetext?

A．1.B．2.

C．3.D．4.

14．WhatisDr.LisaAllenspach’sattitudetowardsvapingproducts?

A．Skeptical.B．Approving