考研英语二答案解析 5.docx

考研英语二答案解析 5.docx

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考研英语二答案解析5

2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

英语二真题及答案

Directions:

　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.（10points）

　　Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith--orevenlookingat--astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones,evenwithouta1underground.

　　It'sasadreality--ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings--becausethere's2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn'tknowit,3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe4:

"Pleasedon'tapproachme."

　　Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreens?

　　Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,executivementalcoach.Wefearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6as"creepy,".Wefearwe'llbe7.Wefearwe'llbedisruptive.Strangersareinherently8tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintances.Toavoidthisanxiety,we10toourphones."Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket,"Wortmannsays."Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.”

　　Butonceweripoffthebandaid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn't12sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:

Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14."WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,"theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn'texpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,"notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeensnubbed."

　　18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosesanscommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.It'sthat20:

Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.

　　1.[A]ticket[B]permit[C]signal[D]record

　　2.[A]nothing[B]link[C]another[D]much

　　3.[A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought

　　4.[A]message[B]cede[C]notice[D]sign

　　5.[A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D]from

　　6.[A]misinterpret[B]misapplied[C]misadjusted[D]mismatched

　　7.[A]fired[B]judged[C]replaced[D]delayed

　　8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungrateful[C]unconventional[D]unfamiliar

　　9.[A]comfortable[B]anxious[C]confident[D]angry

　　10.[A]attend[B]point[C]take[D]turn

　　11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]boring

　　12.[A]hurt[B]resist[C]bend[D]decay

　　13.[A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D]negotiation

　　14.[A]trainees[B]employees[C]researchers[D]passengers

　　15.[A]reveal[B]choose[C]predict[D]design

　　16.[A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D]ride

　　17.[A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[D]putup

　　18.[A]Inturn[B]Inparticular[C]Infact[D]Inconsequence

　　19.[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D]whereas

　　20.[A]funny[B]simple[C]logical[D]rare

SectionIIReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.（40points）

　　Text1

　　Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople’scortisol,whichisastressmarker,whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.

　　“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,”writesoneoftheresearchers,SarahDamske.Infactwomenevensaytheyfeelbetteratwork,shenotes.“Itismen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork.”Anothersurpriseisthatfindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrenandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.

　　Whatthestudydoesn’tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey’reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceamakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it’snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.

　　Butit’snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey’resupposedtobedoing:

working,markingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:

Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.

　　Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,orifthey’reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they’reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.

　　Soit’snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.

　　21.AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome_____

　　[A]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace

　　[B]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement

　　[C]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace

　　[D]wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxation

　　22.AccordingtoDamaske,whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?

　　[A]Childlesswives

　　[B]Workingmothers

　　[C]Childlesshusbands

　　[D]Workingfathers

　　23.Theblurringofworkingwomen'srolesreferstothefactthat_____

　　[A]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice

　　[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback

　　[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind

　　[D]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives

　　24.Theword“moola”（Line4,Para4）mostprobablymeans_____

　　[A]skills

　　[B]energy

　　[C]earnings

　　[D]nutrition

　　25.Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat_____

　　[A]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut

　　[B]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment

　　[C]householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating

　　[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded

Text2

　　Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparadox”inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas“continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”abachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

　　Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach（whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram）canclose63percentoftheachievementgap（measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades）betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

　　Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students（whocompletedtheproject）atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationstudents（59.1percent）wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.

　　Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

　　Manyfirst-generationstudents“struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe‘rulesofthegame,’andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,”theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudents’likethemcanimprove.

　　26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas_______

　　[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates

　　[B]narrowedtheachievementgap

　　[C]misseditsoriginalpurpose

　　[D]depressedcollegestudents

　　27.Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause_______

　　[A]theproblemissolvable

　　[B]theirapproachiscostless

　　[C]therecruitingratehasincreased

　　[D]theirfindingappealtostudents

　　28.Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-