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Unit4CloningandEthics
PassageA:
NotNow,Dr.Miracle
Teachingsteps:
Lead-inactivity10’
Backgroundinformation5’
Textanalysis40’
Languagepoints10’
Summaryofthetext10’
Exercises13’
Assignment2’
I.Lead-inactivity
Discussthefollowingquestionswithingroups,andthenonerepresentativeofeachgroupwillbeaskedtoanswerthequestions.
1)Doyouwantacloneofyourself?
Andcanyouexplain?
2)Whatwouldyousaytoyourcloneifyouhadone?
Doyouthinkyoutwowouldalwaysagreewitheachother,orwouldyouseeeachotherasenemies?
3)WhatdoyouthinkwouldhappenifsomegreatpeoplelikeEinsteinandBeethovenwerecloned?
4)Whatkindsofpeopleareinfavorofcarryingonwiththecloningscience?
5)Forwhatreasonsdomostgovernmentsprohibitcloning?
6)Wordsoncloning:
eggcell卵细胞
surrogatemother代理妈妈
donoregg移植卵子
sperm精子
fertility繁殖力
gene基因
deformed畸形的
immorality不道德
II.BackgroundInformation:
1)Vatican
VaticanistheresidenceofthepopeatRome.Since1929,theVaticanCityhasbeenanindependentstate(108.7acres/44hectares),withthepopeasitsabsoluteruler.
2)Raelian
TheRaelianReligion,foundedbyRael(aFrenchjournalistformerlycalledClaudeVorilhon)in1973,believesthatlifeonearthwascreatedbyextraterrestrials,andsupportshumancloning.
3)Mozart’sRequiem
Mozart'sunfinishedRequiemhaslongbeenshroudedinmystery.MozartundertookthecommissionforanAustriannobleman,littleknowingthathewastowritearequiemforhimself.Inevitably,thesecrecysurroundingtheanonymouscommission,thecircumstancesofMozart'sdeath,theunfinishedstateofthework,anditscompletionunderthedirectionofMozart'swidow,Constanze,haveprecipitatedtwocenturiesofromanticspeculationandscholarlycontroversy.
III.Textanalysis
Textoutline:
PartI(Paras.1-4):
SeverinoAntinoriandhiscloningplan.
PartII(Paras.5-11):
Differentopinionsonhumancloning.
1.Scienceisnotready.(Paras.5&6)
2.Cloningwillnotstop.(Paras.7&8)
3.Regulation(管理)isbetterthanprohibition.(Paras.9-11)
TextStudy
GeneralReading:
FindingoutOpinions.
Attitude
Reasons
Dr.Antinori
for
Usingcloningtocombatinfertility
Cloningrepresentstheonlyhopeofsomecouples.
Itisonlyamatteroftimeforpeopletoacceptit.
Theworldwillembracethefirstclonedbaby.
Religiousleaders
against
Itisaninsultofhumandignity
Author
againtst
Tobegincloningpeoplenowissimplyawasteoftime,moneyandenergybeforemostbasicquestionshavebeenanswered
Theworldwillnotembraceanunhealthyordeformedorthesolesurvivorofhundredsofpregnancies.
Raelians
for
Cloningisthekeytoachievingimmortality.
UsefulExpressions
GiveproperEnglishforthefollowing.
人工授精术
IVFtreatment
激起了轩然大波
Createquiteastir
对人类尊严的侮辱
Insulttohumandignity
自愿接受试验
Volunteerforexperiments
把生殖学推向极致
pushreproductivebiologytothelimits
对他的克隆计划群起而攻之
lineuptoattackhiscloningplan
利用克隆来解决不孕问题
usingcloningtocombatinfertility
处于极度困难时期
bestuckinthedarkages
以一种不可接受的代价
atanunacceptableprice
导致流产或堕胎
resultinmiscarriagesorabortions
达到永恒
achieveimmortality
极度冒险
takeonehellofarisk
DetailedReading:
ReadingforDetails.
PartI(1-4):
SeverinoAntinoriandhiscloningplan.
Task1:
GettingtoknowDr.Antinori.
Dr.Miracle
Name:
SeverinoAntinori
Nationality:
Italian
Religion:
Catholic
Occupation:
doctor
Professionalskill:
Fertilitytreatment
Hobby:
watchingfootball
Ambition:
clonepeopletocreatebabies
Task2:
DescribereactionstoAntinori’scloningplanofthefollowingpeople.
SomeUSscientistsroundedonhimorjoinedinhisplan.
Religiousleaderslineduptoattackhisplanasaninsulttohumandignity.
Somecouplesvolunteeredfortheexperiments.
Task3:
DoreadingcomprehensionaboutPara.4
HowdidDr.Antinorigetknown?
--Byhelpinggrandmothersgivebirthusingdonoreggs.
Howdidhehelpmenwithpoorfertility?
--Hepioneeredtheuseofmicetonurturethespermofmenwithpoorfertility.
Whyisheseenasdangerous?
--Heispushingreproductivebiologytothelimits.
Task4:
CompletethefollowingparagraphbytranslatingtheChinesepartsintoEnglish.
Antinorishottofame(名声大噪)sevenyearsagohelpinggrandmothersgivebirthusingdonoreggs.Laterhepioneered(率先)theuseofmicetonurturethespermofmenwithpoorfertility.Heisclearlynoordinaryscientistbutashowman(爱出风头的人)whothrivesoncontroversy(靠争论而成名)andpushingreproductivebiologytothelimits(把…推向极致).Andthatofcourseisonereasonwhyhe’sseenasbeingsodangerous(危险).
PartII(Paras.5-11):
Differentopinionsonhumancloning.
●Tocloneornottoclone?
●ProhibitionorRegulation?
Task1:
Listandexplainthereasonswhyweshould/nothavehumancloning.
Toclone:
Usingcloningtocombatinfertility/asafertilitytreatment.
Theonlyhopeofsomecouplestohaveachildcarryingtheirgenes.
Nottoclone:
Thecloningtechniqueisnotadvancedenough.
Shockingfailurerate,deformedbabies.
Eggsandembryoswillbewasted.
Difficultpregnancies,miscarriagesorabortions.
Reality:
Littleanyonecandotokeeptheclonersatbay.
NotjustAntinoriandhisteam.TheRaeliansbelievescloningisthekeytoachievingimmortality,eggdonorsandvolunteers.
Task2:
Consider:
Isitpossibletoprohibithumancloning?
Why?
Prohibitionisimpossible.
Implantingclonedhumanembryosisalreadyillegalinmanycountriesbutitwillneverbeprohibitedeverywhere.
Inanycase,theprohibitionofcloningismorelikelytodriveitundergroundthanstampitout.
Secrecyisalreadyaproblem.Antinoriandhisteamarerefusingtonamethecountrythey’llbeusingastheirbase.
Task3:
Makeyourchoice.
What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?
A.Theresearchoncloninghumansshouldbecarriedouttohelpinfertilecouples.
B.Regulationsshouldbemadetodirectthescienceofcloninghumansintotherighttrack.
C.Theresearchoncloninghumansshouldnotbeconductedsorecklessly.
D.Antinoriisagreatscientistwhopushesreproductivebiologytothelimits.
IV.Languagepoints
Words:
controversyn.(a)fierceargumentordisagreementaboutsomething,esp.whencarriedoninpublic争论,争议,论战
e.g.Thefirstclonedsheepgaverisetomuchcontroversy.
It’samatterofcontroversywhethercomputerswillonedaybeabletoreallythinklikehumans
deformv.tospoiltheformorappearanceof使变畸形
e.g.Iftheshoesaretootight,theywilldeformyoufeet.
Sittingincorrectlyforlongperiodsoftimecandeformyourspine.
embracev.toaccept(anaid);tomakeuseof接受(观点)
e.g.NowadaysmoreandmoreWesternersembraceorientalculture.
Theyoungmantriestoembraceeveryopportunitytomakeanameforhimself.
excessiveadj.toomuch;toogreat;goingbeyondwhatisreasonableorright过多的,过度的
e.g.Excessivedrinkingmaycausedamagetotheliverandthebrain.
Anexcessivepricemayaffectourmarketshare.
stirn.(public)excitement轰动
e.g.Thecomingofthequeencausedagreatstirinthecity.
ThenewscausedastirofinterestontheStockExchange.
lineupto(causeto)moveintoarow,sidebysideoronebehindtheother(使)排成行或列
e.g.Thephotographerlinedupthefamilymembersforapicture.
Peoplewerelininguptheretogetafreesampleofthenewproduct.
underthesunonearth;intheworld全世界的,所有的
e.g.Theboyseemstohaveanopiniononeverysubjectunderthesun.
Youcannotdetectallthesinsunderthesun.
gofortolikeorbeattractedby喜欢,被…所吸引
e.g.Manyofthereadersusingourlibrarygoforromanceandmystery.
Theyoungtendtogoforadventureswhiletheelderlyprefersecurity.
V.Summary
Fillintheblanksaccordingtothecontentsofthepassage.
Thiseditorial(社论)fromthemagazineTheNewScientistprofiles(介绍)theunconventionalItaliandoctorSeverinoAntinoriwhohasannouncedplanstoofferhumancloningfacilitiesinhisprivatefertilityclinics.Antonoriisalreadyfamousforpreviouscontroversiessuchashelpinggrandmotherstohavebabies.Yetthistimeheisnotaloneinpromotingtheideaofhumancloning.USscientistsareworkingwithhimonthisproject,andareligiousgroup---theRaelians---havealsoannouncedtheirintentiontooffertheservice.Ofcourse,withsomanycouplesdesperatefor(极想得到)childrenyetunabletoconceivethroughtraditionalIVFtreatments,thereisnoshortageofvolunteers.
Thewriteracceptsthattryingtopreventcloningwouldprobablynotworkandthatsomeformofregulationisalmostinevitable.Thewriterremindsusthatcloningtechniquesarefarfromperfectandthatmostattemptstocloneanimalswouldendupinfailure.
Groupdiscussion:
talkabouttheprosandconsofcloning.
Pros:
Helpingcouplestohavebabiestheycannothaveotherwise;
Findingcurestofatalinjuriesanddiseases;
Enablingendangeredspeciestoincreasetheirpopulation;
Massivelyimprovingtheagriculturalindustry;
Cons:
Cloningisagainstnature;
Leadingtounforeseendisasters;
Possibleabusesofthecloningtechniques;
Causingethicalproblems;
VI.Exercises
VIII.Assignment
Reviewthelearnedpassage.
Writeashortparagraph(100-120words)withthetitle:
WhyWeShould(Not)UseCloning.
Previewlistenandtalk,writeandproduce&culturesalon
Unit4CloningandEthics
PassageB:
IHaveHisGenesButNotHisGenius
Teachingsteps:
Review:
10’
Lead-inactivity5’
Backgroundinformation5’
Textanalysis40’
Languagepoints10’
Summaryofthetext10’
Exercises8’
Assignment2’
I.Review
1.TheGreatWallisam________(奇迹)ofarchitecture.
2.Thecoming