牛津译林版高一必修一定语从句新解 教案设计.docx
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牛津译林版高一必修一定语从句新解教案设计
知识目录
得名如何判定从句?
先行词
结构关系词
注意事项
主宾表类
合成
状语类
whose
定语从句特别词
as
限制性定语从句
分类
非限制性定语从句
只用that
不用that
考点介词问题
解题原则
解题步骤
考法
教学目标;
1、掌握定语从句的由来及其他从句的定义
2、关系词在定语从句中的用法
3、熟练运用本次课知识,解答定从的结合考点考核
教学重点:
关系词的用法及解题的技巧
教学难点:
如何选择关系代词及关系副词
知识讲解
第一章定语?
从句?
一、缘何得名?
1)何以谓之定语?
曰:
修饰名词的词谓之定语,所以形容词为定语。
比如:
beautifulflower,somethingstrange
2)何以谓之定语从句?
曰:
原来修饰名词的形容词变为句子,这个句子谓之定语从句。
所以定语从句的定义为:
定语由句子充当,或者句子充当定语(在名词后)。
所以主语从句的定义为:
主语由句子充当,或者句子充当主语(前无成分)。
所以宾语从句的定义为:
宾语由句子充当,或者句子充当宾语(在动词或介词后)。
所以表语从句的定义为:
表语由句子充当,或者句子充当表语(在系动词后)。
二、结构如何?
被修饰的名词称之为:
先行词
引导从句的词称之为:
关系代词:
that/who/whom/whose/which/as,
关系词
关系副词:
when/where/why/how)
1、关系词?
作用:
1)引导从句
2)代替先行词
3)做成分
指人
指物
主语
宾语
表语
定语
that
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which
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who
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whom
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as
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whose
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注意:
1)that做宾语时可以省略
2)who与whom同时做宾语时,若在介词后用whom
三、怎么合成?
主宾类
Ex:
1)Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.
步骤:
(1)找出前后一致的词
Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.
(2)去掉标点,合为一句
AplaneisamachineThemachinecanfly.
(3)将第二个词换成关系词
Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.
↓
指物,做主语
2)ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.
步骤:
(1)找出前后一致的词
ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.
(2)去掉标点,合为一句
ThegirlisMarywesawheryesterday.
(3)将第二个词换成关系词
ThegirlisMarywesawthat/who/whomyesterday.
(4)关系词前置
ThegirlisMarythat/who/whomwesawyesterday.
↓
指人,做宾语
试手:
1)Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.
2)Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.
3)Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.
4)Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.
5)Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.
状语类
Ex:
1)Istillremembertheday.Icamehereontheday.
步骤:
(1)找出前后一致的词
Istillremembertheday.Icamehereontheday.
(2)去掉标点,合为一句
IstillrememberthedayIcamehereontheday.
(3)将第二个词换成关系词
IstillrememberthedayIcamehereonwhich.
(4)关系词前置
IstillrememberthedaywhichIcamehereon.
↓
做宾语
IstillrememberthedayonwhichIcamehere.
↓
做状语
↓
IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehereon.
2)Thisisthehouse.Ilivedinthehouselastyear.
步骤:
(1)找出前后一致的词
Thisisthehouse.Ilivedinthehouselastyear.
(2)去掉标点,合为一句
ThisisthehouseIlivedinthehouselastyear.
(3)将第二个词换成关系词
ThisisthehouseIlivedinwhichlastyear.
(4)关系词前置
ThisisthehousewhichIlivedinlastyear.
↓
做宾语
ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedlastyear.
↓
做状语
↓
ThisisthehousewhenIlivedlastyear.
即学即练:
I’llneverforgetthedays___________weworkedtogether.
I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.
IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.
Iwenttotheplace___________Ivisitedtenyearsago.
Thisisthereason_____________hewaslate.
Thisisthereason______________hegave.
Isthisthefactory______________wevisitedlastyear?
Isthisthehouse_________Lincolnoncelived?
Isthishouse________wevisitedlastyear?
四、需要特别注意的特别的词:
1、whose“……的”
Ex:
Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.
步骤:
(1)找出前后一致的词
Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.
(2)去掉标点,合为一句
Thehousethewindowofthehouseisbrokenismine.
(3)将第二个词换成关系词
Thehousethewindowofwhichisbrokenismine.
↓
指物,做宾语
(4)关系词前置
Thehouseofwhichthewindowisbrokenismine.
whose=thehouse’swindow
Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.
2、as“正如,和……一样”
方法一:
搭配asisbelieved/reported/known……
方法二:
找词若其前有“such、thesame、as、so”则适用以下方法:
若句子少成份,用as
若句子不少成份,用that
Ex;Thisissuchaninterestingbookthatwealllikeit.
↓
不少成份
Thisissuchaninterestingbookaswealllike.
↓
少成分
五、从句分类:
限制性定语从句:
无标点符合
非限制性定语从句:
有标点
Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.
MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.
六、特别注意的特别考点:
1、只能用that的情况:
1)先行词为不定代词:
some/any/no/every+thing/body,all,little,few,none,neither,both等
2)theonly,thevery修饰先行词
3)序数词、最高级修饰先行词
4)先行词既有人也有物
5)有疑问词的句子
即学即练:
1)Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.
2)Thisistheverything_______Iamafter.
3)Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings___werememberedatschool.
4)Heistheonlyman_______candothework.
5)Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.
6)Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.
7)Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.
8)Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.
2、不能用that的情况:
1)介词后,“inthat”做“因为”除外
2)非限中
3、介词问题
1)与动词搭配
TheWestLake,forwhichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.
2.)与主语搭配
RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase(花瓶),ofwhichthepricewasveryreasonable(合理的)
3.)句意搭配
Air,withoutwhichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.
4、从句的解题原则:
缺什么补什么
从句的解题步骤:
1.)判定考点
2.)找到空格
3.)分析成份
4.)选入词汇
5、定从怎么考?
与强调句结合
1)、强调句:
itis……that/who……
将需要强调的部分放入itis……that之间,反之去掉itis……that之后若为完整句子则为强调句,否则则为从句。
Ex:
Tomcleanedthewindowyesterday.
→ItisTomthat/whocleanedthewindowyesterday.
Itis8o’clockwearrivedatNanjing.
Itisat8o’clockwearrivedatNanjing.
2)、考法
Tomcleanedthewindowyesterday.
→ItisTomthat/whocleanedthewindowyesterday.
→Itiswhothatcleanedthewindowyesterday.
→Whoitisthatcleanedthewindowyesterday.
→Whoisitthatcleanedthewindowyesterday?
ItisyesterdaythatTomcleanedthewindow.
ItiswhenthatTomcleanedthewindow.
WhenitisthatTomcleanedthewindow.
WhenisitthatTomcleanedthewindow?
总结:
1.)句尾为问号,则选用“关系词+isitthat”
句尾为句号,则选用“关系词+itisthat”
2.)关系词的选用取决于that后缺失的成份
即学即练:
1、--Wheredidyoumeetwithhim?
--ItisinthelibraryIborrowedsomebooks.
2、DoyouknowTomecleanedthewindow.
课后温故:
(2018江苏,23)Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when
(2017江苏,28)In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofpurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.
A.WhichB.itsC.whoseD.whom
(2016江苏,23)Manyyoungpeople,mostwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.
A.ofwhichB.ofthemC.ofwhomD.ofthose
(2015江苏,21)Thenumberofsmokers,isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.
A.itB.whichC.whatD.as
(2014江苏,22)Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkagoodimpressionisamust.
A.whichB.whenC.asD.where
知识图系:
定语从句是高一整个上学期的重要知识点,是整个从句架构的重要一环,学员不但学员弄清其“个性”,更需要弄清其与其他从句的“共性”;而且从句的知识点比较琐碎(当然这也是高中英语的共同点),需要学员慎重对待。
并以知识图系的形式呈现。