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英语.docx

英语

2012考研MPA英语

(二)真题

Section1UseofEninglish

 Directions:

  MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho___1___inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theGI.wasthe___2___mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho___3___alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe___4___offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,___5___anaverageguy,up___6___thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseenincenturies.

   Hisnameisnotmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation___7___GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticle___8___tosoldiers.AndJoe?

Acommonnameforaguywhonever___9___ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas___10___hadapresidentorvicepresidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.

   GI.joehada___11___careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacter,ora___12___ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle___13___portraydethemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe___14___sideofthewarl,writingaboutthedirt-snow–and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere___15___orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated,Hisreports___16___the“willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen___17___thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the___18___ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:

coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.___19___Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,___20___themostimportantpersonintheirlives.

   1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed

  2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal

  3.[A]bore[B]cased[C]removed[D]loaded

  4.[A]necessities[B]facilitice[C]commodities[D]propertoes

  5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence

  6.[A]for[B]into[C]form[D]against

  7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming

8.[A]handedout[B]turnover

[C]broughtback[D]passeddown

  9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed

  10.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither

  11.[A]disguised[B]disturbed[C]disputed[D]distinguished

  12.[A]company[B]collection[C]community[D]colony

  13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned

  14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human

  15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained

  16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted

  17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired

  18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advancea

  19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond

  20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthatpoint

 

  SectionIIResdiongComprehension

  PartA

   Directions:

  Readthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

  Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonhiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.

   Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.

   Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapatofschooling:

teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeveylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?

Itisquitepossiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.

   Atthesametime,thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabouthomework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifhomeworkdoesnothingtoensurethatthehomeworkstudentsarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.

   Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright.

   21.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadayshomework_____.

  [A]isreceivingmorecriticism

  [B]isnolongeraneducationalritual

  [C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses

  [D]isgainingmorepreferences

  22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainlybecausepoorstudents_____.

  [A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheireducation

  [B]haveaskedforadifferenteducationalstandard

  [C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhomework

  [D]havevoicedtheircomplaintsabouthomework

  23.AccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththepolicyisthatitmay____.

  [A]discouragestudentsfromdoinghomework

  [B]resultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportcards

  [C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests

  [D]restrictteachers'powerineducation

  24.AsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredabouthomeworkiswhether______.[A]itshouldbeeliminated

  [B]itcountsmuchinschooling

  [C]itplacesextraburdensonteachers

  [D]itisimportantforgrades

  25.Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe______.

  [A]WrongInterpretationofanEducationalPolicy

  [B]AWelcomedPolicyforPoorStudents

  [C]ThornyQuestionsaboutHomework

  [D]AFaultyApproachtoHomework

 

Text2

  Prettyinpink:

adultwomendonotrememerbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Ttisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.

   Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:

intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolisedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.

   Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokins,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’sbehaviour:

wrong.Turnsout,acdordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularisedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacrurersinthe1930s.

 

  Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdsteppingstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Ttwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences–orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.

   26.Bysaying"itis...therainbow"(Line3,Para.1),theauthormeanspink______.

  [A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood

  [B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'innocence

  [C]cannotexplaingirls'lackofimagination

  [D]cannotinfluencegirls'livesandinterests

   27.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?

  [A]Coloursareencodedingirls'DNA.

  [B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforgirls.

  [C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders.

  [D]Whiteispreferedbybabies.

   28.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinf

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