高中英语Unit2Healthyeating单元质量评估新人教版必修.docx
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高中英语Unit2Healthyeating单元质量评估新人教版必修
2019-2020年高中英语Unit2Healthyeating单元质量评估新人教版必修
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Thefoodweeatseemstohaveagreateffectonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadebigstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofhumanillnessisrelatedtofoodand40%ofcancerisrelatedtofoodaswell.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,someresearchersrealizedthatthingsmonlyusedtokeepcolourinmeatsandotherfoodadditives（添加剂）causedcancer.
Yet,theseadditivesremaininourfood,anditisdifficulttoknowwhichthingsonthewrappings（包装）offoodsarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintotheiranimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkofcows.Sometimessimilarthingsaresuppliedtoanimalsnotfortheirhealth,butjusttomakeaprofit.
Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertogetahigherpriceonthemarket.Althoughsomecountrieshavetriedtocontrolsuchthings,thepracticecontinues.
【语篇解读】 本文告诉我们要特别注意自己所吃的食物。
因为食物可以让我们生存，也可以让我们患病。
1．Accordingtothispassage,wecanknow________．
A．perhapsmostofhumanillnessiscausedbywhatweeat
B．perhapsmostkindsofcancerarerelatedtowhatpeopleeat
C．cancerwasdiscoveredin1945
D．sciencehasmadefoodunfittoeat
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段第三句话“Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofhumanillnessisrelatedtofoodand40%ofcancerisrelatedtofoodaswell.”可知，80%的疾病都是由我们吃的食物引起的，故A项正确。
答案：
A
2．Thingsthatareusedtokeepcoloursinmeatsare________．
A．harmful B．useless
C．helplessD．delicious
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句话“In1945,someresearchersrealizedthatthingsmonlyusedtokeepcolourinmeatsandotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.”可知，这些让肉着色的添加剂会导致癌症。
那么对人体是有害的，故A项正确。
答案：
A
3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A．Somewrappingsoffoodareharmful.
B．Farmerstrytomakemoremoneyonthemarketbyfatteningtheiranimals.
C．“Thepracticecontinues”means“thingsarestillgoingonlikethat”．
D．Weneedn'ttakecareofwhatweeat.
解析：
推理判断题。
根据第一段前三句话可知，食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的。
说明对于我们的食物我们要特别注意，故D项错误。
答案：
D
4．Alltheadditives________．
A．arebrightandcolourless
B．arenotbrightandcolourful
C．haveindirecteffectsonourhealth
D．havedirecteffectsonourhealth
解析：
细节理解题。
根据文章最后一段第二句“Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.”可知，很多添加剂都不是直接影响人体健康的。
故C项正确。
答案：
C
B
Ifyoureallywanttogogreen,here'sgoodnews:
eatinggreenisgoodforyou.Theveryfoodswithahighcarboncost—meat,pork,dairyproducts,processedsnacks—alsotendtobefilledwithfatandcalories.Agreendietwouldbemostlyvegetablesandfruits,wholegrains,fishandleanmeatlikechicken—adietthat'seco－andwaistline－friendly.Eatinggreencanbehealthierandbeneficialtotheclimate.
ItmaybehardtobelievethatamealatMcDonald'sproducesmorecarbonthanyourtriptoafar－awayplace.Morethan37%oftheworld'slandisusedforagriculture,muchofwhichwasonceforested.Deforestation（砍伐森林）isamajorsourceofcarbon.Thefertilizer（化肥）andmachineryneededonamodernfarmalsohavealargecarbonfootprint,asdoesthenetworkofshipsandtrucksthatbringsthefoodfromthefarmtoyourplate.
Themostefficientwaytoreducethecarbonfootprintofyourmenuistoeatlessmeat,especiallybeef.Raisingcattletakesalotmoreenergythangrowingtheequivalent（相等的）amountofgrains,fruitsorvegetables.What'smore,themajorityofcattleintheUSarefedongrainandloadsofit—670milliontonsin2002—andthefertilizerusedtofeedthatcreatesseparateenvironmentalproblems.
Focusoneatingloweronthefoodchain,withmoreplantsandfruitsandlessmeatanddairy.It'ssimple.Wecanchangetodaywhatgoesintoourbodiesforthehealthofourplanetandourselves.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了吃绿色食品的好处。
5．Accordingtothepassage,eatinggreenwill________．
A．protecttheanimalsfrombeingkilled
B．promotethedevelopmentofagriculture
C．helpusloseweightandkeepself－confidence
D．begoodforourhealthandmakeachangefortheclimate
解析：
细节理解题。
由第一段最后两句话“Agreendiet—adietthat'seco－andwaistline－friendly.Eatinggreencanbehealthierandbeneficialtotheclimate.”可知，吃绿色食品对我们的健康有利而且对改变气候有利。
答案：
D
6．Whatwillnotleadtocarbonintheagriculture?
A．Deforestation.B．Fertilizer.
C．Machinery.D．Grains.
解析：
推理判断题。
由第二、三段的介绍可知，只有谷物不会造成碳排放。
答案：
D
7．Intheauthor'sopinion,themostefficientwaytoreducecarbonisto________．
A．eatmorevegetablesthanmeat
B．stopraisingthecattle
C．plantmoregrains
D．uselessfertilizer
解析：
细节理解题。
由第三段第一句话“Themostefficientwaytoreducethecarbonfootprintofyourmenuistoeatlessmeat,especiallybeef.”可知。
答案：
A
8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A．Thebenefitsofeatinggreen.
B．Howtoreducethecarbon.
C．Thechangeofourmenu.
D．Thewaysofkeepinghealthy.
解析：
主旨大意题。
由文章大意可知。
答案：
A
C
Peopleareoverweightformanyreasons,themostimportantoneofwhichisthattheyeatthewrongfoods,getthewrongtypesofcalories（卡路里）permeal，andtheyalsoeatmealsatthewrongtimeeachday.Foodismorepowerfulthananyweightlosspill（药片）,becausethefoodthatyoueatcaneithermakeyouthinorfat.Thisistruebecauseyourbodyislikeanengine,anditonlyneedscertainfoodsatcertainintervals（间隔）eachday.
Low－caloriedietsdonotwork
Thereasonpeoplecannotloseweightbystarvingthemselvesisthattheirmetabolism（新陈代谢）willdetectanymajordropincaloriesanditwillthenadjust（调整）itselfbyburningfewercalorieseachday.Thatisthereasonwhyyoucaneat1，000caloriesperdayandnotloseanyweight,whileyourfriendscaneat2，500caloriesperdayandnotgainanyweight.
Low－fatdietsdonotwork
Manypeopleintoday'ssocietyarebuyingmostlylow－fatornon－fatfoodatthegrocerystore.Everybodyknowshowmuchfatisinsidethefoodtheybuy.However,peoplearegettingfatterthaneverbeforebydoingthis.Theyarenotlosingweightbychangingtothislow－fatlifestyle.
Losingweighthasnothingtodowiththesethings.Oneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotocontrolyourweightistoeattheproperfoods,suchasfruitandvegetables,eatthemattherighttime,andexerciseeveryday.Ifpeoplemakethisahabit,theywillloseweight.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了人们超重的原因。
9．Whatisthemainreasonwhypeopleareoverweight?
A．Theyeatthewrongfoodsatthewrongtime.
B．Theyeatfoodwithlotsofcalories.
C．Theydon'ttakeanyweightlosspills.
D．Theyburnmanycalorieseveryday.
解析：
细节理解题。
从第一段的第一句话“Peopleareoverweightformanyreasons,themostimportantoneofwhichisthattheyeatthewrongfoods...”可知A项是正确答案。
答案：
A
10．Thearticleiswritteninorderto________．
A．tellreadersnottobuylow－fatornon－fatfood
B．tellreadershowtoloseweight
C．tellreadersaboutanimportantscientificdiscovery
D．callonpeopletoloseweightandstayhealthy
解析：
作者意图题。
纵观全文，讲了人类肥胖的主要原因，以及人们怎样做就会减肥，故B项正确。
答案：
B
11．Torealizetheaimofyourweightlossplan,youshould________．
a．doexerciseeveryday
b．eatmealsattherighttime
c．eatfruitsandvegetables
d．eatlow－fatorsweetfood
e．eattheproperfoodsateachmeal
A．a，b，c，dB．a，b，d，e
C．a，c，d，eD．a，b，c，e
解析：
从最后两段可排除A、B、C三项；从全文可知，D项正确。
答案：
D
D
Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.
Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating，forpeopleareoftenlessself－conscious（难为情）whenthey'reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn'thaveenoughwindowlight，getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.
Mindthecolours.Researchsuggestswarmcoloursfuelourappetites.Inonestudy，peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolourslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing，whilecoldcoloursmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit'stimetorepaint，goblue.
Don'tforgettheclock—ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories（卡路里）permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime，andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou'reatit，actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown，turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.
Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12－inchplateinsteadofa10－inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone，totalintake（摄入）jumpsby14percent.Andwe'llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort，wideglassthanatall，skinnyglass.
【语篇解读】 想要减肥，除了少吃外，还和房间有关系。
房间一要明亮；二要用冷色系以减少食欲；三要在就餐时放一些舒缓的音乐；四要用小的碗碟。
12．Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout________．
A．theirhomefortsB．theirbodyshape
C．housebuyingD．healthydiets
解析：
细节理解题。
根据全文第一段“Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.”可知，这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎自己体型的人有帮助。
答案：
B
13．Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople________．
A．digestfoodbetter
B．reducefoodintake
C．burnmorecalories
D．regaintheirappetites
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第三段第三句话“Inonestudy...”可知在蓝色房间内人吃的相对较少。
答案：
B
14．Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?
A．Eatquickly.
B．Playfastmusic.
C．Usesmallerspoons.
D．Turndownthelights.
解析：
细节理解题。
最后一段介绍，要想少吃，就要用小碗小勺，而前文也提到，吃得快和房间暗会增加饮食，放舒缓的音乐有助于减少饮食的速度和进食量。
故选C。
答案：
C
15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor
升级会员 