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①Drawingacomparisonbetweenmodernlifeandancientlife,wecannotimaginewhatlifewillbelikenowwithoutinvention.②Inventionmustbeattachedgreatimportanceto,asitisinventionthatcontributestotheadvancementofoursociety.③Thereareseveralexampleswhichcanbecitedtoillustratethisconcept.④Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationthanthefollowingone.⑤IfEdisonhadn'
tinventedthelightbulb,wewouldhavelivedalifeastheblindinthenight.
⑥Giventhatinventionplayssuchanessentialroleinourlife,whatcanwedotocultivatethispreciousspirit?
⑦Foronething,itisadvisableforthesocialmediaandpublicitydepartmenttovigorouslyinformthepublicoftheimportanceofinvention.⑧Foranother,therelevantauthoritiesshouldsetupfavorableregulationstoencourageinvention.⑨Forexample,theycansetupthepracticeofgivingpremiumsorissuingpatentcertificatetoinventors.
⑩Finally,Iwanttousethefollowingsayingasourmutualencouragement,"
Inventionisthespiritofhumanbeing'
sprogress."
?
Atnotimeshouldweunderestimatethepowerofinvention.?
Therefore,whenanideacomestoyourmind,justmakeyourowninvention.
PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)
PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)
SectionA
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Itisimportantthatscientistsbeseenasnormalpeopleaskingandansweringimportantquestions.Good,soundsciencedependson26G,experimentsandreasonedmethodologies.Itrequiresawillingnesstoasknewquestionsandtrynewapproaches.Itrequiresonetotakerisksandexperiencefailures.Butgoodsciencealsorequires27Bunderstanding,clearexplanationandconcisepresentation.
Ourcountryneedsmorescientistswhoarewillingtostepoutinthepublic28Aandoffertheiropinionsonimportantmatters.Weneedmorescientistswhocanexplainwhattheyaredoinginlanguagethatis29Candunderstandabletothepublic.Thoseofuswhoarenotscientistsshouldalsobepreparedtosupportpublicengagementbyscientists,andto30Iscientificknowledgeintoourpubliccommunications.
Toomanypeopleinthiscountry,includingsomeamongourelectedleadership,stilldonotunderstandhowscienceworksorwhyrobust,long-rangeinvestmentsinresearchvitallymatter.Inthe1960s,theUnitedStates31Dnearly17%ofdiscretionary(可酌情支配的)spendingtoresearchanddevelopment,32Ndecadesofeconomicgrowth.By2008,thefigurehadfallenintothesingle33EThisoccursatatimewhenothernationshavemadesignificantgainsintheirownresearchcapabilities.
AttheUniversityofCalifornia(UC),we34Mourselvesnotonlyonthequalityofourresearch,butalsoonitscontributiontoimprovingourworld.To35Fthedevelopmentofsciencefromthelabbenchtothemarketplace,UCisinvestingourownmoneyinourowngoodideas.
A.ArenaB.contextual
C.ConvincingD.devoted
E.DigitsF.hasten
G.HypothesesH.impairing
I.IncorporateJ.indefinite
K.IndulgeL.inertia
M.PrideN.reaping
O.Warrant
SectionB
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
AreWeinanInnovationLull?
[A]Scanthehighlightsofthisyear'
sConsumerElectronicsShow(CES),andyoumaygetaslightfeelingofhavingseenthembefore.Manyofthecoolestgadgetsthisyeararethesameasthecoolestgadgetslastyear--ortheyearbefore,even.Theboothsarestillexciting,andthedemosarestilljustascrazy.Itisstilleasytobedazzledbythedisplayofdrones(无人机),3Dprinters,virtualrealitygoggles(眼镜)andmore"
smart"
devicesthanyoucouldeverhopetoreflection,however,itisequallyeasytofeellikeyouhaveseenitallbefore.Anditishardnottothink:
Areweinaninnovationlull(间歇期)?
[B]Insomeways,theanswerisyes.Foryears,smartphones,televisions,tablets,laptopsanddesktopshavemadeupahugepartofthemarketanddriveninnovation.Butnowthesesegmentsarelookingatslowergrowthcurves--orshrinkingmarketsinsomecases--asconsumersarenotaseagertospendmoneyonnewgadgets.Meanwhile,emergingtechnologies--thedrones,3Dprintersandsmart-homedevicesoftheworld--nowseemabittoooldtobecalled"
thenextbigthing."
[C]Basicallythetechindustryseemstobeinanawkwardperiodnow."
Thereisnotanyone-hitwonder,andtherewillnotbeoneforyearstocome,"
saidGaryShapiro,presidentandchiefexecutiveoftheConsumerTechnologyAssociation(CTA).Inhiseyes,however,thatdoesn'
tnecessarilymeanthatinnovationhasstopped.Ithasjustgrownupalittle."
Manyindustriesaregoingoutofinfancyandbecomingadolescents,"
Shapirosaid.
[D]Forinstance,newtechnologiesthatarebuildinguponexistingtechnologyhavenotfoundtheirfootingwellenoughtoappealtoamassaudience,because,inmanycases,theyneedtoworkeffectivelywithotherdevicestorealizetheirfullappeal.Taketheevolutionofthesmarthome,forexample.Companiesarepushingithardbutmakeitalmostoverwhelmingeventodipatoeinthewaterfortheaverageconsumer,becausetherearesomanycompatibilityissuestothinkabout.Noaveragepersonwantstofigureoutwhethertheirfavoritecalendarsoftwareworkswiththeirfridgeorwhethertheirwashingmachineandtabletgetalong.Havingtoinstalladifferentappforeachsmartapplianceinyourhomeisannoying;
itwouldbenicerifyoucouldmanageeverythingtogether.Andwhileyoumayforgiveyoursmartphoneanoccasionalfault,youprobablyhavelesspatienceforerrormessagesfromyourdoorlock.
[E]Companiesarepromotingtheirownstandards,andthemarkethasnothadtimetochooseawinneryetasthisisstillverynew.Companiesthathavelongfocusedonhardwarenowhavetothinkofecosystemsinsteadtogiveconsumerspracticalsolutionstotheireverydayproblems."
Thedialogueischangingfromwhatistechnologicallypossibletowhatistechnologicallymeaningful,"
saideconomistShawnDuBravac.DuBravacworksforCTA--whichputsontheshoweachyear--andsaidthatthisshifttoasearchforsolutionshasbeennoticeableasheresearchedhispredictionsfor2016.
[F]"
SomuchofwhatCEShasbeenaboutisthecool.Itisabouttheflashinessandthegadgets,"
saidJohnCurran,managingdirectorofresearchatAccenture."
Butoverthelastcoupleofyears,andinthisoneinparticular,wearestartingtoseecompaniesshiftfromwhatisthelargestscreensize,thesmallestformfactorortheshiniestobjectandmoreintowhatallofthesedevicesdothatispracticalinaconsumer'
slife."
Eventhetechnologypressconferences,whichhavebeenhigh-profileinthepastandreachedalevelofdramaandtheatricsfittingforaLasVegasstage,haveadifferentbenttothem.Ratherthanjustdazzlingwithahighcoolfactor,thereisafocusonthepractical.Fitbit,forexample,releaseditsfirstsmartwatchMonday,sellingwithaclearpurpose--toimproveyourfitness--andpromotingitasa"
tool,notatoy."
Notonlythat,itsupportsanumberofplatforms:
Apple'
siOS,Google'
sAndroidandMicrosoft'
sWindowsphone.
[G]Thatseemstobewhatconsumersaredemanding,afterall.Consumersarebecomingincreasinglyboredwithwhatcompanieshavetooffer:
Asurveyof28,000consumersin28countriesreleasedbyAccenturefoundconsumersarenotasexcitedabouttechnologyastheyoncewere.Forexample,whenaskedwhethertheywouldbuyanewsmartphonethisyear,only48percentsaidyes--asix-pointdropfrom2015.
[H]Andwhenitcomestothehyper-connectedsuper-smartworldthattechnologyfirmsarepaintingforus,itseemsthatconsumersaregrowingmoreuneasyabouthandingoverthemassiveamountsofconsumerdataneededtoprovidethepersonalized,customizedsolutionsthatcompaniesneedtoimprovetheirservices.Thatcouldbeanotherexplanationforwhycompaniesseemtobestrengtheningtheirtalkofthepracticalityoftheirdevices.
[I]Companieshavealreadywonpartofthebattle,havingdriventechintoeverypartofourlives,trackingourstepsandourveryheartbeats.Yetthepersistentquestionof"
WhydoIneedthat?
"
--or,perhapsmoretellingly,"
Whydoyouneedtoknowthat?
--dogsthestepsofmanynewventures.Only13percentofrespondentssaidthattheywereinterestedinbuyingasmartwatchin2016,forexample--anincreaseofjustonepercentfromthepreviousyeardespiteayearofhigh-profilelaunches.Thatisbadnewsforanyfirmthatmayhopethatsmartwatchescanmakeupgroundformaturingsmartphoneandtabletmarkets.Andthesurveyfoundflatdemandforfitnessmonitors,sma