英语国家社会与文化入门.doc

英语国家社会与文化入门.doc

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PartOneTrueorFalse

1、Britainisnolongeranimperialcountry.T

2ThestereotypeoftheEnglishgentlemenneverappliedthemajorityoftheBritishpeople.T

3、NorthernIrelandispartofGreatBritain.F

4、MostpeopleinScotlandspeaktheoldCelticlanguage，called“Gaelic”.F

5、IrelandispartofGreatBritain.F

6、MostBritishpeopleareProtestantswhilemostIrishpeopleareCatholics.T

7、Thedivinerightoftheking（君权神授）meansthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfromhissubjects.F

8、AsthekinginthetheoryhadGodinhisside，itwasthoughtthatheshouldexerciseabsolutepower.F

9、Britain，likeIsrael，hasawrittenconstitutionsofthesortwhichmostcountrieshave.F

10、IntheUK，agovernmentcannotstandforlongerthanfiveyearsexceptinexceptionalcircumstance.T

11、Therearetwo（three）nationalpartiesintheUKaccordingtothetext.F

12、ThemajorityofBritain’srecentimmigrantshavemainlycomefromNorth（South）AsiaandCaribbeancountries.F

13、Bythe1880’stheBritisheconomywasdominantintheworld.T

14、AnotherreasonforBritishdeclineisthelossofitscolonies，especiallyIndia，whichgaineditsindependencein1947.T

15、TheserviceindustryintheU.K.employs70%ofthetotalworkforce.T

16、MuchearlyBritishliteraturewasconcernedwithChristianity，andAnglo-SaxonsproducedmanyversionsofBible.T

17、WilliamShakespeareisagreatpoetandmuchknownofhislife.F

18、ThepurposeofBritisheducationisnotonlytoprovidechildrenwithliteracyandtheotherbasicskillsbutalsotosocializechildren.T

19、Thestateseldominterfereswiththedecisionofwhen，where，howandwhatchildrenaretaught.F

20、WhentheSecondWorldWarended，BritainnolongerwasthelargestmilitarypowerinWesternEurope.F

21、Accordingtothetext，themostimportantsinglefactorwhichinfluencesBritishpolicy-makersisitshistory.T

22、ThePrimeMinisterandCabinetdecideonthegeneraldirectionofBritain’sforeignpolicy.T

23、TheBritishhostalargeAmericanmilitarypresenceandthereare63AmericanmilitarybasesintheUK.T

24、Onanaverageday，anoverwhelmingmajorityofBritonsovertheageof15readanationalorlocalpaper.T

25、TheAdvertisingCodeensuresthatadvertisementsarelegal，decent，honestandtruthful；haveasenseofresponsibilityforconsumerandsociety；andrespecttheprincipalsoffaircompetition.T

26、Thetabloidsaresmallerformatnewspaperswithcolorphotosandcatchyheadlines.Theyoftencalled“thegutterpress”.T

27、ThetraditionofhavingSundayoffderivedfromtheChristianChurch.T

28TheoriginofBrowningliesinthevictorycelebrationceremonybytheancientwarriors.T

29、ThegameofgolfwasinventedbytheScottish.T

30、ItiscommonlybelievedthatBoxingDay礼节日（圣诞过后的第一天）involvesthesportofboxing.F

31、MostofthepeopleinnorthernIrelandareCatholicswhilethemajorityofthepeopleintheRepublicareProtestants.F

32、Irelandhasanopenandtrade-dependenteconomy.T

33、IrelandjoinedtheEUin1971.T

34、TheattitudeofIrelandtowardBritainisdislikeorevenhatredbecauseofthecolonialpast.F

35、ThemajorityoftheIrishpeoplepopulationisProtestant.F

36、TheCatholicChurchisopposedtoabortiondivorce.T

37、Traditionally，Irelandhasbeenaruralandagricultureculture.T

38、TheGreatFaminelastedfrom1845to1848.T

39、MostIrishnowdonotgenerallyspeakIrish.T

40、ThecontinentofAustraliaisthelargestislandintheworld.T

41、Dreamingissharedbythemembersofanindigenousgroupabouthowthefeaturesoftheirlandwerecreated.T

42、EuropeantravelersdeclaredthecontinentofAustraliaterranulliusbeforetheBritishdid.F

43、ThediseasesbroughtbytheWhitesettlerstoAustraliadidnotcontributethedrasticdeclineoftheindigenouspopulation.F

44、Atthebeginningofthesettlement，therewereroughlyequalnumbersofmenandwomen.F

45、TheAustraliapoliticalsystemfollowstheWesterndemocratictradition，reflectingBritishandNorthAmericanexperience.T

46、ItisgeneralacknowledgedthatthePrimeMinisterandTheCabinetatthefederallevelisthecentreoftheAustraliaparliamentarypower.T

47、Fewnon-Britishmigrantsbenefitedfromassistedmigration.T

48、TheThreelargestethnicgroupsinAustraliabythe1860sweretheBritish，theItalian（German）andtheChinese.F

49、TheOriginalintentionofthemassivepostwarimmigrationprogramwastokeepAustralia“whiteandfree”.T

50、Maoripeoplehavegivenuptheirculturaltraditionandhaveadoptedmanyaspectsofwesternlife.F

51、NewZealandisthefirstcountryintheworldtogivewomentherighttovote.T

52、ChristopherColumbusdiscoveredAmericanin1492.T

53、WhentheWarofindependencewasover，theUnitedStateswasoneunifiednationasittoday.F

54、TheagreementthatsetthisplanofcooperationamongdifferentstatesaftertheWarofIndependencewascalledtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.（ArticlesofConfederation）F

55、TheideaofchecksandbalancesasawayofrestrictinggovernmentalpowerandpreventingitsabusewasfirstprovidedintheFederalistPapers.T

56、AlexanderHamiltonwasthethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates.F

（华盛顿秘书后任财政部长）

57、ManypeoplebelievedthattheeconomicfreedomofcapitalismiscrucialtoAmerican’seconomicsuccess.T

58、JohnF·KennedywasthefirstCatholicelectedastheUSpresident.T

59、Criticsoftheaffirmativeactionprogramsareoneoftheopinionthatthisresultsinreversediscrimination.T

60、Whenthecivilrightsmovementbegan，non-violent，directactiontacticslike“sit-ins”andboycottswerethechiefvehicleforsocialprotest.T

61、ThesignificantroleoftheStevensfamilyinthehistoryoftransportationinearlynineteenthcenturyAmericaisunderestimated.T

62、SuperBowlwilldecidethechampionbaseball（football）teamoftheyearintheUnitedStates.F

63、YellowstoneCanyonNationalParkistheoldestnationalparkintheUnitedStates.T

64、CanadaisthelargestcountryinNorthAmericancontinent.T

65、ThemajorityoftheCanadianpopulationliveinanareanotfarawayfromtheCanadian-USborder.T

66、Inhistory，BritishColumbiaagreedtojoinconfederationonconditionthattherailroadwouldbebuilttothewestcoast.T

67、TheCanadiangovernmentisdividedintoanupperhousecalledtheHouseofCommons，andalowerhousecalledtheSenate.F

68、JeanChretienintroducedtheMulticulturalismActtopromotetherespect，understandingandpreservationofdifferentculturesinCanada.T

69、Officially，Canadareferstoitselfasamulticulturalsocietywithinabilingualframework.T

70、CanadaplaysanimportantroleininternationalaffairsanditisoneofthefivegreatpowerswhichsitontheUNSecurityCouncil.F

71、CanadacameoutofWWⅡasafull-fledgedandsovereignstateandenteredagoldenageofinternationaldiplomacy.T

72、CanadaStronglysupportsarmscontrolandbanning（supporter）ofnucleartechnology.F

PartTwo选择题（大部分）

1、WhichofthefollowingisnotconsideredasacharacteristicofLondon?

TheSportscentre

2、WhichisthelargestcityinScotland?

Glasgow

3、FacedwithconflictingdemandstheBritishgovernmentchooseacompromiseandorganizedapartitionofIrelandin1921，becausetheBritishgovernmentintendedtosatisfybothsides—CatholicsandProtestants.

4、HowmanycountiesarethereinNorthernIreland?

6

5、WhichofthefollowingisNOTatruedescriptionoftheQueen’srole?

TheQueenselectsthePrimeMinisterandtheCabinet.

6、Whichgroupofpeoplecannotvoteinthegeneralelection?

LordsintheHouseofLords

7、Bywhomisa“voteofnoconfidence”decided?

TheHouseofCommons

8、InBritain，thegreatmajorityofparentssendtheirChildrentostateschools.

9、InBritain，childrenfromtheageof5to16canlegallyreceivecompletelyfreeeducation.

10、WhichcountriesarethepermanentmembersoftheUNSecurityCouncil?

China，Russia，France，BritainandUnitedStates

11、HowmuchoftheglobedidBritainruleinitsimperialprime?

Athirdoftheglobe

12、NowadaystheBritishforeignpolicyislargelyshapedbyitsparticipationin＿＿

TheUnitedNations，TheEU，NATO，etc.

13、Whichofthefollowingcountriesdoesnothavenuclearweaponscapacities?

Italy

14、Afreepressisconsideredveryimportanttothefunctioningofparliamentarydemocracybecause＿＿itplaysawatchdogfunction，keepinganeyeonthegovernment.　

15、InBritainmostadvertisingiscarried＿＿innewspaper.

16、HowmanynewspapersarethereinBritain?

About1400

17、WhichofthefollowingsportswasNOTinventedinBritain?

Basketball

18、Whereistheinternationaltennischampionshipsheld?

Wimbledon

19、Eastercommemorates＿＿theCrucifixionandResurrectionofJesusChrist.

20、OnWhichdayisHalloweencelebrated?

October31st

21、ItwassaidthatChristianitywasintroducedintoIrelandby＿＿SaintPatrick

22、NorthernIrelandincludes＿＿6counties

23、Thedailybusinessofthegovernmentisexecutedbythe＿＿cabinet

24、HowlongistheofficetermofthepresidentofIreland?

7years

25、WheredoesanIrishmeetfriendsandneighborsonaninformalbasis?

Inapublichouse.

26、Thefirstnationalstatewassetupin＿＿1922

27、WhichofthefollowingisNOTanativeAustraliaanimal?

Sheep

28、80%oftheAustralian’spopulationlives＿＿intheeastern，southernandsouthwesternbordersofthecountry

29、AccordingtotheDreaming，＿＿peopleareapartoftheland

30、Whichof