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book1Unit2教案
UnitTwo(BookONE)
TextA
NewWords
Conversation:
Aconversation,whichisinformal,referstoafreeandoftenlivelyoralexchangeofnews,feelings,thoughts,etc.betweentwoormorepersons,whileatalk,whichiseitherformalorinformal,canmeanaspeech,alecture,anidlechatter,oranoralexpressionorexchangeoffeelings,thoughts,etc.
Examples:
Ihadalongtelephoneconversationwithmyfather.
JohnandIhadaveryinterestingconversationaboutfishing.
Ifyoumakeconversation,however,youtrytothinkofthingstosaytosomeoneinordertobepolite,ratherthanbecauseyoureallyhavesomethingtosaytohim.
Examples:
Shehashadyearsofhavingtomakeconversationwithherhusband'scolleagues.
Ihateitwhenyou'releftaloneatapartywithacompletestrangerandyou'vegottomakeconversation.
Ballgame:
NotethatthewordmayspecificallyrefertoabaseballmatchinAmericanEnglish.Besides,ininformalEnglish,itisoftenusedtomeanasituationoractivity.
Examples:
Weareintoawholenewballgame.
ForChinesecollegestudentsit'satotallydifferentballgamethanitwasinthe1960's.
Gradually:
inawaythathappensordevelopsslowlyoveralongperiodoftime逐渐地
Examples:
Thingsaregraduallyimproving.
Oureatinghabitsaregraduallychangingtowardsahealthierdiet.
Startle:
Startlemeans"surprise"accompaniedbyaweakfeelingoffrightandworrythatcausesonetojumpordrawback:
Examples:
Thesoundofthemachine-gunfirestartledthepigeons.
Goodness,youstartledme.Ithoughtyouwereinthegarden.
Halt:
Haltissomehowdifferentfrom"stop"inthatitmeansstopforatimeandisusuallyusedwithreferencetoactivity,advance,growth,development,etc.
Examples:
Thisbroughtourconversationtoahalt.
Populationgrowthcannothaltovernight.
Thepolicemanhaltedthespeedingcar.
Handle:
dealwith处理;应付
Handlebasicallymeanstouchanobjectwithorholdanobjectinanhandorhands;inextendeduse,itcanbefollowedbynounsintheabstractsensesuchasaproblem,situation,etc.orevennounsdenotingpeople,meaningdealwith,manage,orcontrol.Examples:
Washyourhandsbeforeyouhandle(=touch)food.
Fragile--handle(=move)withcare.
Iwasimpressedbyherhandlingtheaffairallalone.
Anarmyofficermustknowhowtohandlehismen.
Challenge:
Apartfromitsmorecommonmeaningof"inviteorcausesomeonetofightorcompeteagainstone",challengealsomeans"toquestionthelawfulnessorrightnessof(someoneorsomething)".
Examples:
Hechallengedmetofight.
Theyhadchallengedandbeatenthebestteamsintheworld.
Ichallengedhimtoagameoftennis.
Thejournalistchallenged(=questioned)thejusticeofthenewlaw.
WhattheMayordidwasneverchallenged(itslawfulnessorrightnesswasneverquestioned).
Disagree:
(with)haveorexpressadifferentopinionfromsomeoneelse有分歧,不同意
Theverbdisagreecanbefollowedbynounsdenotingeitherapersonoraparticularopinionorproposal.
Examples:
IdisagreecompletelywithJohnonthatissue.
Istronglydisagreewiththedecisionthathasbeentaken.
Fewpeoplewoulddisagreethatsomethingshouldbedonetoreducethelevelofcrimeinthisarea.
Response:
Responseisoftenpreferredtoanswerwhenitreferstothesetanswerstosetquestions.
Examples:
astereotypedresponse
Hisanswerwasadeep,gravelyaccented"Thankyou,Iwill,"asthoughhewererespondinginchurch.
Thiswasaquestiontowhichshedidnotknowtheanswer.
Original:
Originalisusedtodescribetheappearance,character,orpartsofsomethingwhenitbegantoexist,orwhenitwasfirstmade,thoughtof,etc.
Examples:
Heroriginalplanwastostayforamonth,butshehadtoleaveafterthreedays.
Theywillrestorethehousetoitsoriginalstate.
IsthisanoriginalRembrandt(=Wasitpaintedbyhim)?
Objection:
somethingthatonesaystoshowthathe/sheopposesordisapprovesofanaction,idea,etc.反对,异议
Compare:
objection,opposition
Objection,whichoftenreferstosth.expressed,saidorwritten,indicatesafeelingofdislikeordisapproval,whileopposition,whichmeansstrong,angryorviolentdisapproval,impliesaforceofresistance.
Examples:
Alazypersonhasanobjectiontoworking.
Oneofhisobjectionstotheplanwasthatitwouldcosttoomuch.
Thegovernmentfacedformidableoppositionincarryingoutthispolicy.
Therewassomeoppositiontotheworkers'requestforhigherwages.
Forth:
Bringforth:
Hereachedintohisbriefcaseandbroughtforthafile.
Backandforth:
Someonewaspacingbackandforthbehindthecurtains.
Responsible:
Examples:
Apilotisresponsibleforhispassengers'safety.
Everyoneisexpectedtobehavelikearesponsiblecitizen.
Heholdsahighlyresponsibleposition.
Ifsomeoneorsomethingisresponsibleforaparticulareventorsituation,theyarethecauseofit.
Examples:
Whoisresponsibleforthismess?
Globalwarmingwasoneofthemanyfactorsresponsiblefortheworstfloodingindecades.
Relative:
havingaparticularqualitywhencomparedwithsomethingelse相对的,比较的
amemberofone'sfamilyorrelation亲属;亲戚
Examples:
Themeritsofthetwoplansarerelative.
Theheadofthedepartmentisarelativenewcomer.
Theyarelivinginrelativecomfort(i.e.comparedwithotherpeopleorwiththemselvesatanearliertime).
Hiswifehadtovisitsomeofherrelativesforafewdays.
Previous:
Hehadchildrenfromapreviousmarriage.
Junior:
oflowerrankorposition;younger
级别或地位较低的,年资较浅的;年少的,较年幼的
Examples:
AtthattimeIwasoneofthemostjuniormembersoftheschoolstaff.
He'sbeengivenacompanycar,eventhoughheisjuniortome.
Whenjuniormeans"younger",itismainlyusedafteraperson'snametorefertotheyoungeroftwopeopleinafamily,especiallyafatherandason,whobothhavethesamesurname(abbrs.Jnr,Jrs,Jun).
Examples:
JohnSmith,Junior
Register:
record记录,登记
Cf.record
Registerusuallyindicatesentryofcertainfactsorparticularsintoaformalrecordasanofficialrequirementorprocess;whilerecordimpliesthepurposeofservingasanaidorachecktomemoryorasameansofsupplyingdetailsunlikelytoberememberedindefinitely.
Examples:
Itisrequiredbylawtoregisterallbirths.
Allpurchasesareregisteredinourbooks.
Theeventsofeachdayarerecordedinadiary.
Inallrecordedhistory,nothinglikethishashappenedbefore.
Suitable:
Someoneorsomethingthatissuitableforaparticularpurposeoroccasionisrightoracceptableforthatpurposeoroccasion.
Example:
Theseflatsarenotreallysuitableforfamilieswithchildren.
Snatch:
getholdof(something)hastily;takeinahurry,esp.forcefully.抓住;夺,夺得
Snatchcarriesastrongimplicationofasudden,hurriedmovement,oftenimplyingstealthorpromptnessorrudenessorroughness.
Examples:
Thefiremansnatchedthechildfromtheflames.
Thethiefsnatchedherbaginthecrowd.
Parallel:
runningsidebysidebutnevergettingnearertoorfurtherawayfromeachother并列的,平行的
Examples:
Theroadrunsparallelwiththerailway.
Theroadandtherailwayareparalleltoeachother.
Theboysweremarchingintwoparallellines.
Switch:
change改变,转移
Switchoftenmeanschangesuddenlytosomethingcompletelydifferent,forexampletoadifferenttask,subject,position,etc.
Examples:
Heswitchedhisattentionbacktothebookhewasreading.
Theconversationswitchedtoadifferenttopic.
Heisalwaysswitchingjobs/switchingfromonejobtoanother.
Thehostessskillfullyswitchedthedinnertableconversationtoalessembarrassingsubject.
Hedidn'tseemtolikeanyoftheprogramsandkeptswitchingfromonechanneltoanother.
I'mondutyonSaturdaybutI'llswitch(orchange)withoneoftheothermen.
Phrases
Joinin:
takepartin(anactivity)参加,参与
Cf.join
Joinin,whichmeans"takepartin",isfollowedbyawordorphrasethatreferstoanactivity,whilejoin,whichisusedtransitively,means"becomeamemberoremployeeof"or"comeintothecompanyof".
Examples:
Hetookhiscoatoffandjoinedinthework.
Parentsshouldjoininthesediscussions.
TheyalljoinedinsingingtheChristmascarols.
Askhimtojoinusforlunch.
He'sjoinedthearmy.
Ijoinedthisbankasatraineein1998.
Cometoahalt:
Thecarslowed,andcametoahaltoppositeayounglady.
Thegroupoftouristscametoahaltoutsidethemuseum.
Theeconomicboomcametoasuddenhalt.
Evenif/though:
EvenifIhavetowalkallthewayI'llgetthere.
Eventhoughheleftschoolat16,hestillmanagedtobecomeacomputerengineer.
Iwasalwaysratherafraidofmen,eventhoughIhadlotsofboyfriends.
Justas:
Theexpressionjustasisusedtosaythatonethinghappenedatexactlythesametimeassomethingelse.
Examples:
ThetelephonerangjustasIwasabouttoleave.
Thechildrenarrivedatschooljustasthebellwasringing.
Backandforth:
Sheswayedgentlybackandforthtothemusic.
Theskybecamefilledwithbirdsflyingbackandforth.
Hiseyesdartbackandforthwildly.
Knockdown:
Ifacarorothervehicleknockssomeonedown,ithitsthemsothattheyfalltothegroundandmaybeinjuredorkilled;ifyouknocksomeonedown,youmayhitthemorpushthem,deliberatelyoraccidentally,orhitthemwithacarorothervehiclethatyouaredriving.
Examples:
Abusnearlyknockedhimdownwhenhewascrossingthestreet.
Heknockedhisopponentdownthreetimesinthefirstround.
Hesteppedasidetoavoidbeingknockeddownbyacyclistonthesidewalk.
Fallapart:
break;falltopieces;endinfailure破裂;破碎;以失败告终
Ifanobjectfallsapart,itbreaksintopiecesmainlybecauseitisweak,old,o