单片机英文翻译.docx

单片机英文翻译.docx

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单片机英文翻译

毕业设计（论文）外文翻译

设计（论文）题目洗衣机控制电路设计

院（系）电气工程及其自动化

专业应用电子

学生姓名熊晨辰学号Z842C06107

指导老师徐莹隽

起讫日期2010年3月至2010年6月

Single-chip

1.Thedefinitionofasingle-chip

Single-chipisanintegratedonasinglechipacompletecomputersystem.Eventhoughmostofhisfeaturesinasmallchip，butithasaneedtocompletethemajorityofcomputercomponents：

CPU，memory，internalandexternalbussystem，mostwillhavetheCore.Atthesametime，suchasintegratedcommunicationinterfaces，timers，real-timeclockandotherperipheralequipment.Andnowthemostpowerfulsingle-chipmicrocomputersystemcanevenvoice，image，networking，inputandoutputcomplexsystemintegrationonasinglechip.

Alsoknownassingle-chipMCU（Microcontroller），becauseitwasfirstusedinthefieldofindustrialcontrol.Onlybythesingle-chipCPUchipdevelopedfromthededicatedprocessor.Thedesignconceptisthefirstbyalargenumber

ofperipheralsandCPUinasinglechip，thecomputersystemsothatsmaller，moreeasilyintegratedintothecomplexanddemandingonthevolumecontroldevices.INTELtheZ80isoneofthefirstdesigninaccordancewiththeideaoftheprocessor，Fromthenon，theMCUandthedevelopmentofadedicatedprocessorpartedways.

Earlysingle-chip8-bitorallthefour.OneofthemostsuccessfulisINTELs8031，becausetheperformanceofasimpleandreliableaccesstoalotofgoodpraise.Sincethenin8031todevelopasingle-chipmicrocomputersystemMCS51series.basedonsingle-chipmicrocomputersystemofthesystemisstillwidelyuseduntilnow.Asthefieldofindustrialcontrolrequirementsincreaseinthebeginningofa16-bitsingle-chip，butnotidealbecausethepricehasnotbeenverywidelyused.Afterthe90swiththebigconsumerelectronicsproductdevelopment，single-chiptechnologyisahugeimprovement.INTELi960serieswithsubsequentARMinparticular，abroadrangeofapplication，quicklyreplacedby32-bitsingle-chip16-bitsingle-chipperformancehasbeentherapidincreaseinprocessingpowercomparedtothe80storaiseafewhundredtimes.Atpresent，thehigh-end32-bitsingle-chipfrequencyover300MHz，theperformanceofthemid-90scloseontheheelsofaspecialprocessor，whiletheordinarypriceofthemodeldroppedtooneU.Sdollars，themosthigh-endmodels，only10U.Sdollars.Contemporarysingle-chipmicrocomputersystemisnolongeronlythebare-metalenvironmentinthedevelopmentanduseofalargenumberofdedicatedembeddedoperatingsystemiswidelyusedinthefullrangeofsingle-chipmicrocomputer.InPDAsandcellphonesasthecoreprocessingofhigh-endsingle-chiporevenadedicateddirectaccesstoWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystems.

Morethanadedicatedsingle-chipprocessorsuitableforembeddedsystems，soitwasuptotheapplication.Infactthenumberofsingle-chipistheworldslargestcomputer.Modernhumanlifeusedinalmosteverypieceofelectronicandmechanicalproductswillhaveasingle-chipintegration.Phone，telephone，calculator，homeapplicances，electronictoys，handheldcomputersandcomputeraccessoriessuchasamouseintheDepartmentareequippedwith1-2singlechip.Andpersonalcomputersalsohavealargenumberofsingle-chipmicrocomputerintheworkplace.Vehiclesequippedwithmorethan40Departmentofthegeneralsingle-chip，complexindustrialcontrolsystemsandevensingle-chipmayhavehundredsofworkatthesametime!

SCMisnotonlyfarexceedsthenumberofPCandotherintegratedcomputing,evenmorethanthenumberofhumanbeings.

2.single-chipintroduced

Single-chip,alsoknownassingle-chipmicrocontroller,itisnotthecompletionofalogicfunctionofthechip,butacomputersystemintegratedintoachip.Speakingingeneralterms:

asinglechiphasbecomeacomputer.Itssmallsize,lightweight,cheap,forthelearning,applicationanddevelopmentoffacilitiesprovided.Atthesametime,learningtousetheprincipleofsingle-chipcomputertounderstandandstructurethebestchoice.

Single-chipandcomputeruseisalsosimilartothemodule,suchasCPU,memory,parallelbus,aswellastheroleandthesamehardmemory,isitdifferentfromtheperformanceofthesecomponentsarerelativelyweakinourhomecomputeralot,butthepriceislow,thereisgenerallynomorethan10yuan,,canuseittomakesomecontrolforaclassofelectricalworkisnotverycomplexissufficient.Weareusingautomaticdrumwashingmachines,smokehood,VCDandsooninsidethehomeappliancescanseeitsshadow!

Itismainlyaspartofthecorecomponentsofthecontrol.

Itisanonlinereal-timecontrolcomputer,control-lineisatthescene,weneedtohaveastrongeranti-interferenceability,lowcost,andthisisoff-linecomputer（suchashomePC）Themaindifference.

Bysingle-chipprocess,andcanbeamended.Throughdifferentprocedurestoachievedifferentfunctions,inparticularthespecialuniquefeatures,thisistheneedtochargeotherdevicescandoagreateffort,someofitisalsodifficulttomakegreateffortstodoso.AfunctionisnotverycomplicatedfitheUnitedStatesthedevelopmentofthe50sseriesof74or60duringtheCD4000seriestogetthesepurehardware,thecircuitmustbeabigPCBboard!

However,iftheUnitedStatesifthesuccessful70sseriesofsingle-chipmarket,theresultwillbedifferent!

Simplybecausetheadoptionofsingle-chippreparationprocessyoucanachievehighintelligence,highefficiencyandhighreliability!

Becauseofcostofsingle-chipissensitive,sothedominantsoftwareorthelowestlevelassemblylanguage,whichisinadditiontothelowestlevelformorethanbinarymachinecodeofthelanguage,sincesuchalow-levelsowhyshouldweuse?

Manyoftheseniorslanguagehasreachedalevelofvisualprogrammingwhyisitnotinuse?

Thereasonissimple,thatis,single-chipcomputerasthereisnohomeofCPU,alsonotashardasthemassstoragedevice.Avisualizationofsmallhigh-levellanguageprogram,evenifthereisonlyonebuttonwhichwillreachthesizeofdozensofK!

ForthehomePCsharddriveisnothing,butintermsofthesingle-chipmicrocomputerisunacceptable.Single-chipintheutilizationofhardwareresourceshavetodoveryhigh,sothecompilationoftheoriginalwhilestillinheavyuse.Thesametoken,ifthecomputergiantsoperatingsystemandappplicationsrunuptogetthehomePC,homePCcannotaffordtosustainthesame.

Itcanbesaidthatthetwentiethcenturyacrossthethree“power”ofthetimes,thatis,theelectricalera,theelectronicageandhasnowenteredthecomputerage.However,suchacomputer,usuallyreferstoapersonalcomputer,orPC.Itconsisitsofthehost,keyboards,displays.Andothercomponents.Thereisalsoatypeofcomputer,nothowmostpeoplearefamiliarwith.Thiscomputerissmarttogiveavarietyofmechanicalsingle-chip（alsoknownasmicro-controller）.Asthenamesuggests,thesecomputersystemsuseonlytheminimumofanintegratedcircuittomakeasimplecalculationandcontrol.Becauseofitssmallsize,areusuallychargedwithpossessionofmachineinthe“belly”in.Itinthedevice,likethehumanmindplaysarole,itiswrong,theentiredevicewasparalyzed.Now,thissinglechiphasaverywidefieldofuse,suchassmartmeters,real-timeindustrialcontrol,communicationsequipment,navigationsystems,andhouseholdappliances.Onceavarietyofproductswiththeuseofthesingle-chip,willbeabletoplaysothattheeffectivenessofproductupgrading,productnamesoftenadjectivebeforetheword“intelligent”,suchaswashingmachinesandsointelligent.Atpresent,sometechnicalpersonneloffactoriesorotheramateurelectrtonicsdevelopersfromengagingincertainproducts,notthecircuitistoocomplex,thatisfunctionalandeasytobetoosimpleimitation.Thereasonmaybetheproductnotonthecardsortheuseofsingle-chipprogrammablelogicdeviceontheother.

3.single-chiphistory

single-chip70wasborninthelate20thcentury,experiencedaSCM,MCU,SOCthreestages.

Single-chipmicro-computer1.SCMthat（SingleChipMicrocomputer）stage,ismainlyasinglefromtofindthebestofthebestembeddedsystemsarchitecture.”Innovationmodel”tobesuccessful,laytheSCMwiththegeneral-purposecomputers,acompletelydifferentpathofdevelopment.Inembeddedsystemstocreateanindependentdevelopmentpath,IntelCorporationcredit.

Thatis2.MCUmicrocontroller（MicroControllerUnit）stage,themaindirectionoftechnologydevelopment:

expandingtomeettheembeddedapplications,thetargetsystemrequirementsforthevariousperipheralcircuitsandinterfacecircuits,tohighlingtthetargetofintelligentcontrol.Itcoversallareasrelatedwiththeobject

System,therefore,thedevelopmentofMCUinevitablyfallontheheavyelectrical,electronicsmanufacturers.Fromthispointofview,IntelsdevelopmentgraduallyMCUhasitsobjectivefactors.MCUinthedevelopment,themostfamousmanufacturerswhenthenumberofPhilipsCorporation.

Philipsinembeddedapplicationsforitsenormousadvantages,theMCS-51fromtherapiddeveplomentofsingle-chipmicro-computertothemicrocontroller.Therefore,whenwelookbackatthepathofdevelopmentofembeddedsystems,IntelandPhilipsdonotforgetthehistoricalmerits.

3.Single-chipisanindependentembeddedsystemsdevelopment,totheMCUanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentstage,isseekingapplicationstomaximizethenaturaltrend.Withthemico-electronicstechnology,ICdesign,EDAtoolsdevelopment,basedonthesingle-chipSOCdesignapplicationsystemswillhavegreaterdevelopment.Therefore,theunderstandingofsingle-chipmicro-computerfromasingle,monolithicsingle-chipmicrocontrollerextendstoapplications.

4.Single-chipapplications

Atpresent,single-chipmicrocomputertoinfiltrateallareasofo