托福独立写作4个高分误区解析文档格式.docx

托福独立写作4个高分误区解析文档格式.docx

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　　首先要说的就是关于托福考试独立写作的机经真题。

大家可能都会在临近考试甚至更早一些的时候就开始刷托福机经和真题，这其中当然也少不了看一下作文机经来进行练笔准备。

但有些同学练笔只练机经上的题目，平时看范文背素材也全是照着机经题目来做，这其实是存在一定问题的。

托福考试不同于GRE考试，作文题目官方并没有给出明确的题库，因此机经真题中的作文题目虽然也有机会复现在大家面前，但考生在考试中更多时候会遇到的都是完全陌生么有接触过的题目。

面对这些题目你看过的范文背过的素材如果都是围绕机经题准备的，那么就有可能发挥不了作用从而影响考试。

因此，大家备考还是能够以提升写作能力为主，准备素材也最好是一些具有较高泛用性普遍适用性的资料，这样才不会出现受机经真题所限的问题。

　　猛背素材不如针对性做少量准备

　　托福独立写作是立论文，而想要让自己的观点立得住有说服力，举例论证是必不可少的。

相信大部分同学都能意识到一点，也有些同学为此做了大量准备，各类素材论据花了许多时间准备了一大堆。

这种做法看似有备无患，但从备考投入时间和回报的效率比上来说不太划算。

毕竟托福考试只有一篇独立写作立论文，你能够用得上的例子素材也不过五指之数。

花费如此的时间背素材实在是有点浪费时间。

比较高效的做法是按照独立写作各类话题的分类，每一个大类准备2-3个左右的论据素材就足够了，贵精而不贵多，这才是准备托福独立写作素材的王道做法。

　　不要无脑水字数要有干货内容

　　这个问题其实在托福考生中也是比较严重的。

那就是水字数。

大家可能因为托福考试对*篇幅的要求而产生了错误理解，把一个最低限的字数要求理解成了字数越多越好，其实虽然ETS官方网站还是OG指南上都没有给出作文字数篇幅的具体上限标准，但30分钟的时间限制本身也是一种限制。

*字数多不代表作文得分就会更高，关键在于内容有没有写清楚，你想表达证明的观点有没有说通说透，评分者更关注的是考生写了什么还不是写了多少。

没有干货的*写得再多也只会徒增考官的反感情绪，反而更容易出现各类拼写语法错误造成不必要的扣分。

所以，大家在写独立作文时，还请管理好*字数篇幅，一切以内容为重。

　　慎用复杂词汇长难句小心弄巧成拙

　　托福独立写作对于考生的LANGUAGEUSE是有一定要求的，而语言使用主要包含的就是词汇和句式。

这也让使用高难度复杂词汇和长难句式成为了大家以为的高分秘籍。

但是在这里要指出一点，使用复杂词汇长难句还是应该谨慎一点，量力而行。

如果用的词句自己没有充分掌握其实很容易弄巧成拙，比如高难度词汇的搭配没有用对，或是长难句的句式结构和语法出现问题等等，不但不会加分反而会造成扣分，这就很不值得了。

有些同学明明*本身内容很不错，整体框架和*论述都是高分水准，却因为强行使用一些难词难句而意外扣分，这样的做法无疑是得不偿失的。

当然，并不是不让大家使用难词难句，使用的前提是自己要有把握不会出错。

　　综上所述，托福独立写作的提分方法和技巧考生在使用前还是需要有所斟酌的，不能盲目相信和使用一些缺乏可信度的所谓技巧，比如上面提到的这些高分误区，希望大家能够引起重视，避免误入歧途

　　托福写作模板：

年轻时去旅行是否更好

　　题目：

　　Doyouthinkthatit’sbettertotraveltodifferentcountrieswhenyouareyoungthanwhenyouareolder?

　　范文1：

Argument1（for）

　　Itisbetterforpeopletotraveltodifferentcountrieswhentheyareyoungthantowaituntiltheyareolder.Youngertravelersgainmanyusefulexperiencesandskills.Bywaitinguntiltheyareadults,peopleloseoutonmanyopportunitiesthatcouldassistinsituationsthroughouttheirlives.

　　Travelisanopportunitytosupplementeducationaboutnewplaces,cultures,people,andlanguages.Abasicunderstandingofsuchthingsistaughtinschools,buttravelprovidesstudentswithanopportunitytoexperiencesuchthingsinperson.Therefore,travelroundsoutaclassicaleducationandsolidifieswhatislearned.Forexample,apersonmaytakeseveralyearsofaforeignlanguagesuchasGermaninschool,butneverhaveachancetopracticeoutsideoftheclassroom.Thatpersonwillinvariablyforgetmostofthelanguage.However,ifthatpersongoestoGermanyandtalkswithlocalpeople,heorshewillrememberthewordsbetteranddevelopastrongerunderstandingofthelanguageandculture.

　　Notonlydoestravelreinforcestandardeducation,butitisalsoachancetogetaviewpointthatisnottaughtinformalacademicsettings.Goingtonewplacesopensdoorsformakingfriendsandseeinglifefromadifferentangle.Suchanexpansionhelpsbreakdowndangerousstereotypesandbiasesthatleadtohatred,prejudiceandwar.Itisimportanttohavetheseexperiencesasearlyinlifeaspossibletocreateamorejustandequalsociety.

　　Finally,traveldevelopsself-confidence.Peoplelearntodealwithsituationsoutsidetheirfamiliarrage.Itisgoodforyoungpeopletogaintheconfidencethattheycancopewithnewexperiencesontheirown.Evensimpleactivitieslikefindingamealorridingabuscanbeextremelychallengingwhenusingadifferentlanguageinanewplace.Self-confidenceisessentialfordecisionmakingandproblemsolving,whicharebothnecessaryforworkandsocialsituationsthroughoutlife.Therefore,itisgoodforyoungpeopletotravelsotheyarenotafraidofdealingwithnewsituationsthroughouttheirlives.

　　Travelreinforcesaregulareducationandprovidesaperspectivenotfoundinclassrooms.Italsoboostsself-confidence.Therefore,itisgoodforpeopletotravelwhentheyareyoungratherthanjustwaituntiltheyareolder.

　　范文2：

Argument2（against）

　　Matureadultsaremorepreparedfortravelthanyoungpeopleare,soitisadvisabletowaitbeforevisitingforeigncountries.Peoplewhowaitarebetterabletounderstandwhattheysee,theyhaveexperiencetodealwithproblems,andtheyhavemorefinancialflexibility.

　　First,traveltoaforeigncountryinevitablyinvolvesseeingnewthings.Schools,though,donotpreparestudentsfortherealitiesofacompletelydifferentplace.Matureadultscantakethetimetoresearchaboutwheretheyaregoingandgetthemostoutoftheexperience.Forexample,itmightbeprettytoseetheGreatWallofChina.However,iftheviewerunderstandsthehistoryofthewallandknowsitspurposeandtheeffortinvolvedinbuildingit,theexperienceoflookingatthewallisgreatlyenriched.Itisthereforewiseforpeopletogotoplacesthattheyhavehadtimetostudyindepthratherthanjustgotofamousplaceswhentheyareveryyoung.

　　Second,matureadultsaremorecapableofdealingwithproblemsthanyoungpeopleare.Withmorelifeexperience,theadultcanassessthedangersofasituationandevaluatethebestcourseofactiontosolveit.Adultsaremoreawareoftheresourcesavailabletothemathome,socanapplysuchknowledgetounfamiliarcircumstances.Insteadofpanickingwhensomethinggoeswrong,amatureadultcandrawuponexperiencetocopewiththeproblemsuccessfully.

　　Finally,travelisexpensive,soitisbettertotravelwhenthereisenoughmoneytocovertheexpense.Youngerpeopleoftenaretryingtosavemoneyforaneducationorrepayschoolloans,sotheydonothavethefinancialleewaytospendonatrip.Alternately,theirparentsselflesslyspendtheirownmoneytopayfortheirchildrentohaveavacationoverseas.Bycontrast,apersonwhohasworkedmanyyearsinajobmayhavemoremoneyandpaidvacationtimetoinvestinpersonaltravel.Itisbettertowaituntilthereisenoughmoneytotravelthanrelyonloansorworrythatparentsaresacrificingtheirinterests.

　　Forthesereasons,itisbettertowaituntilapersonisamatureadulttotravelratherthangotoforeigncountrieswhenyoung.

科学发现是否应该无国界

　　Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement:

　　Allscientificdiscoveriesshouldbesharedtoallscientistsaroundtheworld;

Governmentsandbusinessesshouldnotkeepanyscientificdiscoveriessecret.

　　Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.

　　Scientificdiscoveriesshouldbethepropertyoftheworld,availabletoallscientists.Governmentsandbusinessesshouldnotkeepdiscoveriessecretbecauseitimpedesscientificprogressandinhibitsthedevelopmentoftechnologiesthatcanimprovethelivesofothers.

　　First,sharingdiscoveriessavestimeandenergybecausescientistsdonothavetorepeatthesameexperiments.Scientistscanmakefasterprogressandusefewerresourcesbecausetheycanlearnwhathasalreadybeendoneandexpandontheexistingresearchratherthanduplicatingthesameresults.Ifgovernmentsandbusinessesaresecretive,thenmanycompanieswillhavetodothesamegroundworkbeforetheycanmoveontothenextstep.Forexample,bysharingthepatternsformakingtheMarsCuriosityrover,NASAhasenabledotherscientiststoimproveonthedesignandmakeroversthatwillendureevenmorerigorousconditionsthanthoseencounteredbyCuriosity.

　　Second,sharingdiscoveriesallowsscientiststoconfirmdataandestablishwhethertheoriesareontarget.Onetheorymayhavemultiplevariationsthatneedtestedbeforeitcanbeestablishedastrueornot.Forexample,anexperimentaldrugmustundergorigoroustestingbeforeitisapproved.Ifseveralscientistsindifferentareasarepursuingthesamelineofresearch,theycancompareresultsobtainedunderdifferentconditions.Theexampledrugmightproveeffectiveonlyincertainparametersbasedonthingssuchasageorweight.Thisdifferencemightnotshowupinoneofthetrialsbutmightbefoundinanother.Combiningtheresearchwouldgivescientistsabetterideaofthelimitationsoftheirproduct.

　　Finally,sharingdiscoveriescouldpotentiallysavethousandsoflivesandsolvesomeofthedifficulthealthandenvironmentalproblemsthatplaguetheworldtoday.Bylookingattheprogressofothers,ascientistmightfindthekeyneededtocreateanewvaccine,developaninexpensivebuildingmaterial,createanalternateenergysource,orothersuchinventionthatcouldmaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.Inisolation,ascientistmaynothavetheinformationheorsheneeds,butreferringtotheworkofothers,cantacklelargeproblemssuchashunger,disease,andclimatechange.

　　Sharingscientificdiscoveriesisessentialbecauseitfacilitatesnewdiscoveries.Scientistscansavetimeandresources,confirmresults,andhelpothersiftheyarewillingtoshareratherthankeeptheirdatasecret.

　　Therearemanycaseswhenitisacceptabletokeepresearchprivate.Itisnotnecessaryforallscientiststorevealtheirdatabecausesuchapolicycouldlimitnewresearchandcauseharmtoothers.

　　Scientificresearchtakesasignificantamountoftimeandresources,andsomeonemustpay.Therefore,thepeopledoingtheresearchhavearighttokeeptheirdiscoveriessecret,sotheycanpatenttheresultsandearnenoughprofitstocovertheexpensesoftheirinvestment.Ifscientistsmustsharewhattheylearn,otherscanusethedatatomakeinventionsorproducts.Companieswillbelesslikelytoinvestinoriginalresearchbecauseitischeapertousedatadonebysomeoneelse,andtheoverallamountofnewresearchwilldecrease.Thereisafinancialburdenthatiseasiestrepaidwhentheresearchcanbepatentedorsoldratherthanrevealedatnocost.

　　Anotherreasonagainstenfor