《听力教程》2第二版第六单元文本.docx

《听力教程》2第二版第六单元文本.docx

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《听力教程》2第二版第六单元文本

Unit6

SectionOneTacticsforListening

Part1Phonetics-Stress,IntonationandAccent

American:

W-e-ell,ljustlo-o-vericeandfish...↗

American:

Well,asIwassaying,Ijustlovericeandfishandtomatosauce↘.

American:

AndIsupposeyouwanttoknowwhatdrinksIlikeandsoon...Well,IguessIdon't

muchcareforwhisky...↗

American:

AndIdon'tcareforrum...↗

American:

AndIdon'tlikelemonadeatall.↘

American:

Andmyfavouritemusicismyown...↗

American:

AndCatStevens,Iguess.↘

Exercise:

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Hehasfinishedhissentence

√

√

√

Hewantstoaddsomething

√

√

√

√

Part2ListeningandNote-taking

IdentifyingCriminals

Cancomputershelpthepolicetoidentifycriminals?

Expertsnowthinkcomputerscanmakeiteasierforthepolicetofindpeopletheywanttoquestion.

Atpresent,thesystemmostwidelyusedbytheBritishpoliceiscalledPhotofit.Witnesses

describeasuspectandthenapictureisbuiltuplikeajigsaw,usingfivedifferentsetsoffeatures.

Theseare:

hair,eyes,nose,mouthandchin.Thissystemcanbeveryusefulitlfindingcriminals,butonlyinonecaseoutoftwenty,Quiteoften,almosthalfthetime,infact,Photofitpicturesare

misleading.Therearetworeasonsforthis.Firstly,thepicturemaylooknothingatalllikethesuspect.Secondly,thelikenessmaybesogeneralthatitisnotatallhelpful.Andunfortunately,abadlikenesscanleadtothearrestofaninnocentperson.

Witnesses'attitudescaninfluencetheirdescriptions.Inarecentexperiment,agroupofpeoplewasshownapictureofamanandtoldthathewasamassmurderer.WhenaskedtoproducePhotofitpicturesofthisman,theymadepicturesthatshowedamurderous-lookingindividual.Butatthesametime,asecondgroupwasshownthesamepictureandtoldthatthesamemanwasalifeboatcaptainwhohadreceivedamedalforbravery.WhenthesecondgroupproducedPhotofitpictures,theseshowedamanwhowashandsomeandwell-groomed.

Thepolicehaveanotherwayofidentifyingcriminals.Policerecordscontain

tensofthousandsofphotographsofpeopleconvictedofcrimes.Witnessescanlookthroughtheseinthehopeofrecognisingsuspects;however,ithasbeendiscoveredthatawitnessbeginstoforgettheculprit'sfeaturesafterspendingalongtimelookingthroughthesephotographs.

AcomputersystemcalledFRAME（FaceRetrievalandMatchingEquipment）combines

thebestfeaturesofbothmethods.Allthephotographsonrecordareputonthecomputerfile.Whenawitnessdescribesasuspect,thecomputer'searchesthephotographsthatfitthedescription.Thewitnessisthenpresentedwithasmallnumberofphotographstolookthrough.

Ofcourse,thissystem,asitexistsatpresent,willonlyhelptoidentifypeoplewhosephotographsarealreadyonpolicefiles.Sonow,expertshavetoworkontheproblemofgettingaccuratedescriptionsfromwitnesses.Onethingtheyhavediscoveredisthatwitnessesgivebetterdescriptionswhentheyareencouragedtorecallthesceneofthecrime.Theydonotneedtogothere;justimaginingthesceneworksjustaswell.

ExerciseA:

1.Computerscanmakeiteasierforthepolicefindpeopletheywanttoquestion.

2.Abadlikenesscanleadtothearrestofaninnocentperson.

3.Awitnessbeginstoforgettheculprit'sfeaturesafterspendingalongtimelookingthroughthese

photographs.

4.Expertshavetoworkontheproblemofgettingaccuratedescriptionsfromwitnesses.

5.Witnessesgivebetterdescriptionswhentheyareencouragedtorecallthesceneofthecrime.

ExerciseB:

I.ThePhotofitsystem

A.Witnessesdescribeasuspect.

B.Thenapictureisbuiltup,usingfivedifferentsetsoffeatures.

1.Hair.

2.Eyes

3.Nose.

4.Mouth.

5.Chin.

C.Advantage

1.Thissystemcanbeveryusefulinfindingcriminals.D.Disadvantage

1.Butonlyinonecaseoutoftwentythemethodisaccurate.2.AlmosthalfthetimePhotofitpicturesaremisleading.

3.Therearetworeasonsformisleading.

i.Firstly,thepicturemaylooknothingatalllikethesuspect

ii.Secondly,thelikenessmaybesogeneralthatitisnotatallhelpful.

E.Witnesses'attitudescaninfluencetheirdescriptions.

II.Anotherwayofidentifyingcriminals

A.Policerecordstensofthousandsofphotographsofpeopleconvictedofcrimes.

B.Witnesseslookthroughtheseinthehopeofrecognisinvsusnects.

III.FRAME（FaceRetrievalandMatchingEquipment）

A.Acomputersystemcombinesthebestfeaturesofbothmethods.

B.Allthephotographsonrecordareputonthecomputerfile.

C.Thecomputersearchesthephotographsthatfitthedescription.

D.Thewitnessisthenpresentedwithasmallnumberofphotographstolookthrough.

E.Disadvantage

1.Thesystemwillonlyhellotoidentifypeoplewhosephotographsarealreadyonpolicefiles.

2.Descriptionsfromwitnessesmustbeaccurate.

SectionTwoListeningComprehension

Part1Dialogues

Dialogue1IDon'tBelieveIt

A:

No,Ithinkit'saloadofrubbishmyself.Imean,somepeoplebelieveanything,

don'tthey?

Well,itdoesn'tmakesense,doesit?

Thingsflyingaroundinthesky,comingdownfromanotherplanetandallthat?

No,Ithinkwhenthescientistssayit'shappenedandwecanexplainhowithappened--Imean,whenwehavesomerealproof,thenI'llbelieveit.

B:

Therecouldbesometruthinit,butItendtothinkit'sjustatouristattraction.1can'texplainthephotographs.Andthentherearethephotographsof"Bigfoot,"the

ermer,AbominableSnowman*inthemountainsofIndia.Well,that'sthe

samesortofthing.Isupposeitcouldbe

true,butit'sthesamewithallthesestories,you'dliketoseeitforyourselfbeforeyoubelieve

it.

C:

Oh,yes.Theydefinitelyexist.Yes,Ibelievethatsomepeoplecomebackto

haunt*us.1mean,we'veallhadstrangefeelingsaboutpeoplewhoarenolongerwithns,orstrangefeelingsaboutcertainplaces.Ithinkthosefeelingsareakindofghost.Wedon'talwaysseesomething,youknow,inalongwhitedressgoing"whooo-ooo"inthemiddleofthenight,butwecanhavestrongfeelingsaboutthepast.Somepeoplehaveverystrongfeelingssotheyactuallybegintoseethings,somethingmoving,ashape,alight,Idon'tknow.Scientificfactscan'texplaineverythinginthisworld,youknow.

1.Probablysomephotographsofmysteriousshapes,footprintsorthatsortofthings.

2.Thefirstspeaker.

1.

Ionlybelievethingswhenthereisrealprooforscientificexplanation.

2.

Peoplesometimesjustduplicateoldmysteriousstoriesinanewsettingtoattract

tourists.

3.Theredeexistghosts.Whenpeoplehaveaverystrongfeelingaboutthepast,theybegintosee

ghosts.

Dialogue2UnidentifiedFlyingObjects

Interviewer:

MrBurton,yousaythatyouhaveseenaUFO.Isthatright?

MrBurton:

Yes,absolutelyright.Ithappenedjustoverayearago.

Interviewer:

Andwherewasthis?

MrBurton:

NearmyhomeinAldershot,inthesouthofEngland.Ilivenearthebig

militarybaseinAldershot.

Interviewer:

Whattimeofdaywasit?

MrBurton:

Itwasaboutoneo'clockinthemorning.Iwasoutfishing.Theweather

forecastsaiditwasgoingtobeawarm,clearnightwithnoclouds,andthat'sperfect

forfishing.

Interviewer:

Andwhathappened?

MrBurton:

Well,Isawabrightlightcomingtowardsmeataboutthreehundred

feet,andthenitstartedtoland.Itwasbehindsometrees,butIcouldseeitclearlybecausetherewasafullmoon.ThenIsawtwoformscomingtowardsme,andwhentheywereaboutfivefeetaway,theyjuststoppedandlookedatmeforagoodtenorfifteenseconds.

Interviewer:

Whatdidtheylooklike?

MrBurton:

Theywerequitesmall,aboutfourfeettall,dressedingreensuitsfromheadtofoot,

andtheyhadhelmetsofthesamecolourwitharedvisor*,soIcouldn't

seetheirfaces.Theybothcarriedspaceguns.

Interviewer:

Didtheyspeaktoyou?

MrBurton:

Yes.Theoneontherightsaid"Comethisway,please."

Interviewer:

Weren'tyoufrightened?

...Imean,weren'tyousurprisedthatthey

spokeEnglish?

MrBurton:

Theyspokeinafunnyaccent.Itsoundedmorelikeamachinetalkingthanaperson.No,Iwasn'tfrightened.Idon'tknowwhy.Theonewhospokestartedtowalktowardsthelight,andIfollowedhim,withtheotheronebehindme.Wegottoawallandthefirst"form"justwalkedthroughit!

Icouldn'tbelieveit!

Ihadtoclimboverit,andthenwegottothespaceship.

Interviewer:

Whatdidthatlooklike?

MrBurton:

Itwasaboutforty-fivefeetacross,andsilver,very,veryshiny,and

therewereroundwindowsallroundtheside.

Interviewer:

Didyougoinside?

MrBurton:

Yes,Idid.Therewerestepsgoingup,andwewentintoanoctagonal*

room.Istoodthereforabouttenminutes.Thewalls,thefloor,andtheceilingwereallblack.Icouldn'tseeanycontrolsorinstruments,buttherewasacentralcolumngoingupfromthefloortotheceiling,aboutfourfeelwide,rightinthemiddleoftheroom.Interviewer:

Werethereanymoreofthese"forms"?

MrBurton:

No,justthetwo.Suddenly,oneofthemsaid"Standundertheredlight."Icouldn't

seeanyredlight,butthenImovedtotherightandIcouldseeitupon

thewall,just

undertheceiling.Istoodthereforaboutfiveminutes,andthenavoice

said"What

isyourage?

"Isaid"Seventy-four."Thentheytoldmetoturnaround.

Afterabout

fivemoreminutesoneofthemsaid"Youcango.Youaretoooldand

illforourpurposes."SoIleftandwentback,tothefiver.

Interviewer:

Didthespaceshiptakeoff?

MrBurton:

Yes,Iheardaveryhigh-pitchednoise,likeascream,andthething

tookoffstraight

intotheskyanddisappeared.Isatbytherivera