材料力学专业词汇中英对照.doc
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材料力学MechanicsofMaterials
构件Structuremember
强度strength
刚度rigidity
稳定性stability
变形固体soliddeformationbody
基本假设fundamentalassumption
各向同性Isotropy
内力internalforce
外力externalforce
二力杆twoforcebar
刚体rigidbody
轴向拉伸Axialtension
轴向压缩Axialcompression
拉力tensileforce
内力Internalforce
轴力axialforce
轴力图diagramofaxialforce
集中载荷concentrateload
应力stress
平均应力Averagestress
全应力wholestress
平面假设Hypothesisofplanesection
拉应力Tensilestress
应力集中stressconcentration
剪切shearing
正应力normalstress
剪应力shearingStress
线应变linearstrain
剪应变angularstrain
剪力shearingforce
弹性应变能Elasticstrainenergy
静定问题staticallydeterminateproblem
静不定问题staticallyindeterminateproblem
平衡方程equilibriumequations
比例极限Proportionallimit
弹性极限Elasticlimit
屈服极限Yieldinglimit
塑性材料ductilematerial
强度极限Strengthlimit
铸铁castiron
轴Shaft
扭转Torsion
扭转角Theangleoftwist
扭矩Internaltorque
扭矩图Internaltorquediagram
剪应力互等定Theoremofcomplementaryshearingstresses
弯曲bending
梁Beam
固定铰支座Fixedhingedsupport
可动铰支座Movablehingedsupport
固定端Rigidlyfixedend
简支梁simplysupportedbeam
悬臂梁Cantileverbeam
外伸梁Overhangingbeam
静定梁Staticallydeterminatebeam
超静定梁Staticallyindeterminatebeam
弯曲内力Internalforceinbending
弯矩Bendingmoment
内力方程Internalforceequation
剪力图shearingforcediagram
弯矩图bendingmomentdiagram
分布荷载thedistributedload
荷载集度thedensityofthedistributedload
平面刚架Planarrigidframe
曲杆Curvedrod
纯弯曲PureBending
中性轴Neutralaxis
曲率半径theradiusofcurvature
挠度Deflection
转角Angleofrotation
挠曲线deflectioncurve
位移边界条Boundaryconditionsofthedisplacement
支点位移条件Displacementconditionsatthesupports
连续条件Continuityconditions光滑条件Slidingconditions
积分常数integralconstant一点的应力状态Stressedstateatapoint
原始单元体Originalelement主单元体Principalelement
主面principalplane主应力principalstress
三向应力状态ThreeDimensionalStateofStress
二向应力状态PlaneStateofStress应力圆StressCircle
单向应力状态UnidirectionalStateofStress主应力迹线Principalstresstrajectories
应变能密度strain-energydensity强度理论Theoriesofstrength
最大拉应力(第一强度)理论:
Theoryofmaximumtensilestress(firststrength)
最大伸长线应变(第二强度)理论:
Theoryofmaximumtensilestrain(secondstrength)
最大剪应力(第三强度)理论Theoryofmaximumshearingstress(thirdstrength)
形状改变比能(第四强度)理论Theoryofmaximumtorsional(shearing)strainenergy(fourthstrength)
莫尔强度理论Mohr’sstrengththeory相当应力Equivalentstress
组合变形Compositedeformation斜弯曲Skewbending
中性轴方程Equationoftheneutralaxis不稳定平衡instableequilibrium
拉(压)弯组合变形Bendingandtensionorcompression
稳定平衡Stableequilibrium压杆失稳Lossofstabilityofthecolumn
临界压力thecriticalpressureofthecolumn理想压杆Idealcompressivecolumns
长度系数Lengthcoefficient约束系数constraintcoefficient
临界应力Criticalstress柔度Flexibility
应变能Strainenergy卡氏定理Catigliano’STheorem
莫尔定理(单位力法)Mohr’Stheorem(Methodofunitforce)