英语学术论文常用句型.docx

英语学术论文常用句型.docx

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英语学术论文常用句型

l    Beginning 

   1.Inthispaper,wefocusontheneedfor

   2.Thispaperproceedsasfollow.

   3.Thestructureofthepaperisasfollows.

   4.Inthispaper,weshallfirstbrieflyintroducefuzzysetsandrelatedconcepts

   5.Tobeginwithwewillprovideabriefbackgroundonthe

l Introduction 

   1.Thiswillbefollowedbyadescriptionofthefuzzynatureoftheproblemandadetailedpresentationofhowtherequiredmembershipfunctionsaredefined.

   2.Detailsonxxandxxarediscussedinlatersections.

   3.Inthenextsection,afterastatementofthebasicproblem,varioussituationsinvolvingpossibilityknowledgeareinvestigated:

first,anentirelypossibilitymodelisproposed;thenthecasesofafuzzyservicetimewithstochasticarrivalsandnonfuzzyserviceruleisstudied;lastly,fuzzyserviceruleareconsidered.

l  Review 

   1.Thisreviewisfollowedbyanintroduction.

   2.AbriefsummaryofsomeoftherelevantconceptsinxxxandxxxispresentedinSection2.

   3.Inthenextsection,abriefreviewofthe....isgiven.

   4.Inthenextsection,ashortreviewof...isgivenwithspecialregardto...

   5.Section2reviewsrelevantresearchrelatedtoxx.

   6.Section1.1brieflysurveysthemotivationforamethodologyofaction,while1.2looksatthedifficultiesposedbythecomplexityofsystemsandoutlinestheneedfordevelopmentofpossibilitymethods.

lBody 

   1.Section1definesthenotionofrobustness,andarguesforitsimportance.

   2.Section1devotedtothebasicaspectsoftheFLCdecisionmakinglogic.

   3.Section2givesthebackgroundoftheproblemwhichincludesxxx

   4.Section2discussessomeproblemswithandapproachesto,naturallanguageunderstanding.

   5.Section2explainshowflexibilitywhichoften...canbeexpressedintermsoffuzzytimewindow

   6.Section3discussestheaspectsoffuzzysettheorythatareusedinthe...

   7.Section3describesthesystemitselfinageneralway,includingthe…..andalsodiscusseshowtoevaluatesystemperformance.

   8.Section3describesanewmeasureofxx.

   9.Section3demonstratestheuseoffuzzypossibilitytheoryintheanalysisofxx.

   10.Section3isafinedescriptionoffuzzyformulationofhumandecision.

   11.Section3,isdevelopedtothemodelingandprocessingoffuzzydecisionrules

   12.ThemainideaoftheFLCisdescribedinSection3whileSection4describesthexxstrategies.

   13.Section3and4showexperimentalstudiesforverifyingtheproposedmodel.

   14.Section4discussesapreviousfuzzysetbasedapproachtocostvarianceinvestigation.

   15.Section4givesaspecificexampleofxxx.

   16.Section4istheexperimentalstudytomakeafuzzymodelofmemoryprocess.

   17.Section4containsadiscussionoftheimplicationoftheresultsofSection2and3.

   18.Section4appliesthisfuzzymeasuretotheanalysisofxxandillustrateitsuseonexperimentaldata.

   19.Section5presentstheprimaryresultsofthepaper:

afuzzysetmodel..

   20.Section5containssomeconclusionsplussomeideasforfurtherwork.

   21.Section6illustratesthemodelwithanexample.

   22.VariouswaysofjustificationandthereasonsfortheirchoicearediscussedverybrieflyinSection2.

   23.InSection2arepresentedtheblockdiagramexpressionofawholemodelofhumanDMsystem

   24.InSection2weshalllistacollectionofbasicassumptionswhicha...schememustsatisfy.

   25.InSection2ofthispaper,wepresentrepresentationanduniquenesstheoremsforthefundamentalmeasurementoffuzzinesswhenthedomainofdiscourseisorderdense.

   26.InSection3,wedescribethepreliminaryresultsofanempiricalstudycurrentlyinprogresstoverifythemeasurementmodelandtoconstructmembershipfunctions.

   27.InSection5isanalyzedtheinferenceprocessthroughthetwokindsofinferenceexperiments...

lThisSection

   1.Inthissection,thecharacteristicsandenvironmentunderwhichMRPisdesignedaredescribed.

   2.Wewillprovideinthissectionbasicterminologiesandnotationswhicharenecessaryfortheunderstandingofsubsequentresults.NextSection

   2.Thenextsectiondescribesthemathematicsthatgoesintothecomputerimplementationofsuchfuzzylogicstatements.

   3.However,itiscumbersomeforthispurposeandinpracticalapplicationstheformulaewererearrangedandsimplifiedasdiscussedinthenextsection.

   4.Thethreecomponentswillbedescribedinthenexttwosection,andanexampleofxxanalysisofacomputerinformationsystemwillthenillustratetheiruse.

   5.WecaninterprettheresultsofExperimentsIandIIasinthefollowingsections.

   6.Thenextsectionsummarizesthemethodinafromthatisusefulforargumentsbasedonxx

lSummary 

   1.Thispaperconcludeswithadiscussionoffutureresearchconsiderationinsection5.

   2.Section5summarizestheresultsofthisinvestigation.

   3.Section5givestheconclusionsandfuturedirectionsofresearch.

   4.Section7providesasummaryandadiscussionofsomeextensionsofthepaper.

   5.Finally,conclusionsandfutureworkaresummarized

   6.Thebasicquestionsposedabovearethendiscussedandconclusionsaredrawn.

   7.Section7istheconclusionofthepaper.

l   Chapter0.Abstract 

   1.Abasicprobleminthedesignofxxispresentedbythechoiceofaxxrateforthemeasurementofexperimentalvariables.

   2.Thispaperexaminesanewmeasureofxxinxxbasedonfuzzymathematicswhichovercomesthedifficultiesfoundinotherxxmeasures.

   3.Thispaperdescribesasystemfortheanalysisofthexx.

   4.Themethodinvolvestheconstructionofxxfromfuzzyrelations.

   5.Theprocedureisusefulinanalyzinghowgroupsreachadecision.

   6.Thetechniqueusedistoemployanewlydevelopedandversatilexxalgorithm.

   7.Theusefulnessofxxisalsoconsidered.

   8.Abriefmethodologyusedinxxisdiscussed.

   9.Theanalysisisusefulinxxandxxproblem.

   10.Amodelisdevelopedforaxxanalysisusingfuzzymatrices.

   11.Algorithmstocombinetheseestimatesandproduceaxxarepresentedandjustified.

   12.Theuseofthemethodisdiscussedandanexampleisgiven.

   13.Resultsofanexperimentalapplicationsofthisxxanalysisprocedurearegiventoillustratetheproposedtechnique.

   14.Thispaperanalysesproblemsin

   15.Thispaperoutlinesthefunctionscarriedoutby...

   16.Thispaperincludesanillustrationofthe...

   17.Thispaperprovidesanoverviewandinformationusefulforapproaching

   18.Emphasisisplacedontheconstructionofacriterionfunctionbywhichthexxinachievingahierarchicalsystemofobjectivesareevaluated.

   19.Themainemphasisisplacedontheproblemofxx

   20.Ourproposedmodelisverifiedthroughexperimentalstudy.

   21.Theexperimentalresultsrevealinterestingexamplesoffuzzyphasesof:

xx,xx

   22.Thecompatibilityofaprojectintermsofcost,andxxarelikewiserepresentedbylinguisticvariables.

   23.Adidacticexampleisincludedtoillustratethecomputationalprocedure

lChapter1.Introduction 

   Time

   1.Overthecourseofthepast30years,..hasemergedformintuitive

   2.Technologicalrevolutionshaverecentlyhittheindustrialworld

   3.Theadventof...systemsforhashadasignificantimpactonthe

   4.Thedevelopmentof...isexplored

   5.Duringthepastdecade,thetheoryoffuzzysetshasdevelopedinavarietyofdirections

   6.Theconceptofxxwasinvestigatedquiteintensivelyinrecentyears

   7.Therehasbeenaturningpointin...methodologyinaccordancewiththeadventof...

   8.Amajorconcernin...todayistocontinuetoimprove...

   9.Axxisalatecomerinthepartrepresentationarena.

   10.Atthetimeofthiswriting,thereisstillnostandardwayofxx

   11.Althoughalotofeffortisbeingspentonimprovingtheseweaknesses,theefficientandeffectivemethodhasyettobedeveloped.

   12.Thepioneerworkcanbetracedtoxx[1965].

   13.Todate,noneofthemethodsdevelopedisperfectandallarefarfromreadytobeusedincommercialsystems.

lObjective/Goal/Purpose 

   1.Thepurposeoftheinferenceenginecanbeoutlinedasfollows:

   2.Theultimategoalofthexxsystemistoallowthenonexpertstoutilizetheexistingknowledgeintheareaofmanualhandlingofloads,andtoprovideintelligent,computeraidedinstructionforxxx.

   3.Thepaperconcernsthedevelopmentofaxx

   4.Thescopeofthisresearchliesin

   5.Themainthemeofthepaperistheapplicationofrulebaseddecisionmaking.

   6.Theseobjectivesaretobemetwithsuchthoroughnessandconfidenceastopermit...

   7.Theobjectivesofthe...operationsstudyareasfollows:

   8.Theprimarypurpose/consideration/objectiveof

   9.Theultimategoalofthisconceptistoprovide

   10.Themainobjectiveofsucha...systemisto

   11.Theaimofthispaperistoprovidemethodstoconstructsuchprobabilitydistribution.

   12.Inordertoachievetheseobjectives,anxxmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:

   13.Inordertotakeadvantageoftheirsimilarity

   14.moreresearchisstillrequiredbeforefinalgoalof...canbecompleted

   15.Inthistrial,theobjectiveistogenerate...

   16.forthesakeofconcentratingon...researchissues

   17.Amajorgoalofthisreportistoextendtheutilizationofarecentlydevelopedprocedureforthexx.

   18.Foranillustrativepurpose,fourwellknownORpro