精校版人教新目标七年级上英语教材知识体系与知识点整理Word文档下载推荐.docx

精校版人教新目标七年级上英语教材知识体系与知识点整理Word文档下载推荐.docx

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/ɒ/or/ɑ:

watchwhatwant

/ɑ:

/or/æ

（在f,s,th等前）

afterasklastclassbasketballfather

al

/ɔ:

allballcallsmalltalkwalk

ay

/eɪ/

dayMayplaysay

ar

artcarcardpartyMarchstar

e

hemeshewethese

/e/

bedegghelptengetdeskletnextselltwelve

ea

eatpleasespeakeasyteacher

headbreadbreakfasthealthysweater

ee

beefgreenmeetneedseefreethreeweekfifteen

er

/ɜ:

（r）/

herhersterm

ear

/ə（r）/or/ɪr/

dearnearhearclear

i

/a/

likeniceninepricetimewhitetidy

//

bigquiltthingthinktripwithmiddle

ir

firstgirlshirtskirtthirdbirthdaythirty

o

/əʊ/

nogosooldthoseclothesphonephotosofa

/ɒ/or/ɑ:

/,/ɔ:

boxclockdoglonglostsockdollarmodal

ʌ/

（在m,n,th,v前）

comelovemonthsonbrothermotherMonday

oo

/ʊ/

bookgoodlookfoot

/:

coolfoodroomschooltoo

or

shortsportmorning

ou

/aʊ/

foundsoundabouttrousers

ow

brownhownow

oy

//

boytoy

u

j:

musicexcusestudentTuesdayusefulcomputer

butcupfunlunchmuchmustnumbersubjectuncle

:

blueJuneruler

ur

turnburgerpurpleThursday

2.元音字母和元音字母组合在非重读音节中的读音

/ə/（/ə（r）/）

aboutChinasaladsofabananavegetable

e/i

helloscienceApril

o/or

carrotsecondfavoritetomatocolordoctor

ar/er

dollarbrotherdinnerundernumber

u/ur

AugustdifficultSaturday

/ɪ/

eraserelevenrelaxing

Englisheveningmorningmusic

2.辅音字母和辅音字母组合的读音

b/b/batballBob

c/k/callcanmusic

/s/citypencilprice

d/d/daddateread

f/f/fatherfunafter

g/g/getgobig

/dʒ/orangegeographyvegetable

h/h/headhappyheavy

j/dʒ/Julyjacketsubject

k/k/keybookweek

l/ǀ/looklikeJuly

m/m/mapmathgame

n/n/nameneednine

p/p/penpartycup

r/r/redricebread

s/s/somesistersock

/z/hisalwaysyours

t/t/tapetableset

v/v/veryvegetablehave

w/w/weekwellwatch

x/ks/sixexcitingexcuse

/gz/examexample

y/j/yesyouryellow

z/z/zerozoosize

ch/tʃ/chairteacherMarch

ck/k/blackchickenJack

dr/dr/drawdrumchildren

ds/dz/bedscardssounds

kn/n/ 

knowknife

ng/ŋ/longEnglishmorning

nk/ŋk/thinkthankFrank

ph/f/phonephotogeography

qu/kw/quiltqueenquestion

sh/ʃ/sheshoefinish

tch/tʃ/watchmatchcatch

th/θ/thankthingmath

/ð

/thatthisbrother

tr/tr/ 

triptrousersstrawberry

ts/ts/batshatshabits

wh/w/whatwhitewhen

/h/whowhosewhole

wr/r/writerwrongwrite

Ⅳ.英音和美音的读音简要对比

情况

英音

美音

1.英式英语中字母r有的发音,有的不发音；

美式英语中无论在何种情况下字母r都发音。

sport/spɔ:

t/

star/stɑ:

（r）/

first/fɜ:

st/

sport/spɔ:

rt/

r/

rst/

2.英式英语中元音字母a读非卷舌音/ɑ:

/，美式英语中元音字母a读/æ

/，但有的词例外，例如：

father,calm。

ask/ɑ:

sk/

after/ɑ:

ftə（r）/

father/fɑ:

ð

ə（r）/

calm/kɑ:

m/

ask/æ

after/æ

3.英式英语中长短音比较明确，而美式英语中基本上不分长短音，短元音可以读成长元音，例如：

1）在英式英语中许多单词读作/ɒ/的，在美式英语中读作/ɑ:

/；

2）在英式英语中许多单词读作/ɒ/的，在美式英语中读作/ɑ:

/或/ɔ:

/。

box/bɒks/

sock/sɒk/

long/ǀɒŋ/

want/wɒnt/

box/bɑ:

ks/

sock/sɑ:

k/

long/ǀɔ:

ŋ/

want/wɑ:

nt/;

/wɔ:

nt/

Ⅴ.朗读基本知识

1.单词重音

英语单词有单音节词、双音节词和多音节词之分。

含有一个响亮音素的声音片断叫作一个音节。

英语里的元音都是响亮的音素。

由一个音节构成的词叫作单音节词，例如：

hi,mom,dad,first,meet等等。

由两个或两个以上音节构成的词叫作双音节词或多音节词。

对于双音节词或多音节词，有的音节须读得重些，叫作重读音节；

有的音节要读得轻些，叫作非重读音节。

重读音节用重音符号“′”标出。

双音节词的重读一般落在第一个音节上，例如：

jacket/′dʒæ

kt/,question/′kwestʃən/,sweater/′swetə/

少数双音节词的重读在第二个音节上，例如：

excuse/ɪk′skj:

z/,July/dʒ′a/,about/ə′baʊt/

三音节词的重读一般也在第一个音节上，例如：

favorite/′fevərt/,vegetable/′vedʒtəb/,interesting/′ntrəstŋ/

少数三音节词的重音在第二个音节上，例如：

computer/kəm′pj:

tə（r）/,tomato/tə′mɑ:

təʊ/,

December/d′sembə（r）/

有的双音节词和多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，次重音用“、”表示，标在次重音的左下方。

例如：

thirteen/θɜ:

（r）′ti:

n/fifteen/f′ti:

n/,

afternoon/ɑ:

ftə′n:

n/（/æ

ftər′n:

n/）

2.连读（Liaison）

在朗读中，意义上有联系的词前一个单词末尾的辅音和后一个单词词前的元音有时可连起来读。

连读现象是在语言交际中，特别是随着语速的加快而自然产生的，可用符号“︵”表示。

常见的连读情况有：

1）辅音+元音

前一个词的词尾是辅音，后一个词以元音开头，这时两个词可以连读，例如：

It’sagoodidea.Comeon,Jack!

Isitonthedesk?

Lookatit.Letmegetit.Canyouplaygameswithus?

2）r/re+元音

前一个词的词尾是r或re，后一个词的词首是元音，这时两个词可以连读，中间增加一个/r/音。

Asktheteacherforit.Ineedapairofsportsshoesforschool.

Ⅵ.分单元语音练习

StarterUnit1Goodmorning!

Listenandread.

/e//æ

//i:

//e/

Dalemaphepen

samethanktheseyes

Graceblackeveningspell

StarterUnit2What’sthisinEnglish?

/a////əʊ//ɒ/or/ɑ:

/,/ɔ:

hiisnodog

finethisOKnot

whitequiltthoseorange

StarterUnit3Whatcolorisit?

/j:

//:

//ʌ/

usebluecup

excuserulerbus

computerJunemust

Unit1Myname’sGina.

1.Listenandread.

//ɪ//e//æ

//ɜ:

（r）//ə（r）/

shesixeggblackherruler

wehisspelljacketfirstnumber

eveningmiddlesevenAlicegirlcolor

2.Listenandread.

1）A:

What’syourname?

B:

Myname’sJenny.

2）A:

What’syourtelephonenumber?

It’s555-8903.

3）He’sAlan.She’sLinda.I’mBob.

Unit2Thisismysister.

1.Listenandread.

//ʊ//ɔ:

（r）//ɒ/or/ɑ:

（r）// 

toogoodfournotartson

schoollookshortBobcardmother

rulerbooksportclockpartynumber

1）Thisismymother.Mom,thisisJohn.

2）Theseareherparentsandthoseareherbrothers.

3）Hi,I’mJenny.Ihaveaverynicefamily.

Unit3Isthisyourpencil?

/au/

e

/（r）/or/r/

/e（r）/

or/er/

these

now

name

mine

dear

chair

photo

how

same

China

near

pear

sofa

found

eraser

library

here

parent

1）A:

Isthisyour↗ruler?

↘Yes,it↘is.

2）A:

Isthatyour↗schoolbag?

B:

↘No,it↘isn'

t.

3）A:

Aretheseher↗books?

↘Yes,theyare.

4）Thesearemy↘keys.Arethoseyour↘keys?

Unit4Where'

smyschoolbag?

/p/

/b/

/t/

/d/

/k/

/g/

/s/

/z/

pencil

book

tidy

dog

key

girl

spell

zero

picture

blue

table

desk

color

grandpa

some

yours

tape

Bob

last

bed

ask

bag

nice

please

/m/

/n/

/w/

/y/

thing

this

nine

ring

watch

yes

thank

they

model

know

what

your

three

mother

room

pen

morning

white

yellow

Where'

smy↘pencilbox?

It'

sonthe↘sofa.

A:

Howaboutmy↘schoolbag?

sonthe↘table.

What'

syour↘name?

Myname'

s↘Linda.

syourphone↘number?

s237-657↘7.

Unit5Doyouhaveasoccerball?

/f/

/v/

/t/

/d3/

Find

very

she

Jane

fun

evening

short

teacher

jacket

after

love

English

orange

/tr/

/dr/

Its/

/dz/

/l/

/r/

/h/

tree

draw

bats

beds

let

hat

trousers

drum

hats

cards

look

great

hers

strawberry

children

sport

sounds

play

friend

••onlyafteralwayspicture

••aboutexcusehellobecause

Unit6Doyoulikebananas?

a/e/

/a:

/or//

ai/e/

ay/e/

al/

aw/

fat

mail

day

call

apple

class

rain

May

baU

law

radio

salad

father

paint

small

/z/

/ts/

maps

girls

classes

cups

photos

watches

parents

desks

families

oranges

students

friends

2.Listenandread

•••hamburgerstrawberrydifficultinterestingtelephone

•••bananatomatorelaxingcomputerSeptember

Unit7Howmucharethesesocks?

e/i:

ea/i:

ee/i:

ear/i（r）/or/r/

/e（r）/or/er/

we

help

sweater

need

be

sell

easy

breakfast

meet

bear

twelve

healthy

thirteen

clear

wear

••thirtytwentyquestiondollarpurple

••thirteenfourteenfifteensixteeneighteen

Unit8Whenisyourbirthday?

i/a/

/

y/a/

/i/

/j/

x/ks/

ice

trip

my

party

six

time

fifth

why

next

price

milk

July

busy

excuse

c/k/

ck/k/

ch/t

g/g/

/d

cup

clock

game

age

March

green

computer

chicken

lunch

August

vegetable

••••festivaltelephonefamilylibrary

•••SeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Unit9Myfavoritesubjectisscience.

o/u/

//or/a:

/,/

oo/u:

/u/

ou/au/

ow/au/

u/

old

long

food

good

home

cool

sound

brown

show

dollar

school

about

1）A:

'

Whydoes'

Tomlike'

math?

Be'

causeit'

s'

interesting.

2）A:

Whydoyou'

like'

art?

causeits'

fun.

3）A:

Doyou'

English?