福建省福州一中届高三下学期开学考试英语试题解析版.docx

福建省福州一中届高三下学期开学考试英语试题解析版.docx

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福建省福州一中届高三下学期开学考试英语试题解析版

福州一中2021届高三英语下学期开学初质检

I.听力（1.5X20=30）

第一节

听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whathappenedtotheman?

A.Hewaslockedout.B.Hemissedthetrain.C.Helosthiskeys.

2.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Atagym.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atacinema.

3.Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouthertrip?

A.Theweather.B.Thetraffic.C.Thescenery.

4.Whenwilltheconferencebegin?

A.At7:

30.B.At8:

30.C.At9:

00.

5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Ajobposition.B.Afellowworker.C.Anewoffice.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatseemstobetheman’sproblem?

A.Hedoesn’tsleepwell.B.Hehasnomorepills.C.Hecan’tfocusproperly.

7.Whatisthemanadvisedtodo?

A.Stayhomefromwork.B.Haveacheck-up.C.Stopfeelinganxious.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Howdidthemangettoworktoday?

A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.

9.Whatistheman’smajorconcernaboutdrivingacar?

A.Expenses.B.Health.C.Environment.

10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofusingacar?

A.It’scostly.B.It’sdangerous.C.It’sconvenient.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11WhoreachedthetopofMountQomolangma?

A.Ellen.B.Jonathan.C.Heather.

12.Howlongdidthemanspendonhisadventuretravel?

A.96days.B.Fourmonths.C.Oneyear.

13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutdoinginthefuture?

A.Walkingthroughanationalpark.

B.Cyclingalongacountryroad.

C.Campingoutinthemountains.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.WhatisJuliandoing?

APlanningherbudget.

B.Conductinganinterview.

C.Givingadviceonstudies.

15WhichcostsMattmosteachmonth?

A.Food.B.Clothes.C.Books.

16.HowmuchdoesMattspendonsportsamonth?

A.About$15.B.About$30.C.About$50.

17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Strangers.B.Schoolmates.C.Co-workers.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Whichcolourisunsuitableforofficewalls?

A.Green.B.Red.C.Yellow.

19.Whateffectdoesnaturallighthaveonofficeworkers?

A.Itisgoodfortheireyes.

B.Ithelpsthemconcentrate.

C.Itmakesthemfeelcheerful.

20.Whoaremostlikelytobeinterestedinthetalk?

A.Managers.B.Painters.C.Teachers.

II.阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Thisyear,mostpeoplehaveprobablyspentmoreof2020cancelingtravelplansthanbookingthem,butit’snottoolatetoreversethattrend.Herearesomevacationsyoucanplanthisfall.

Roadtriptoalocalfarm

Visitingafarmis“numberone”travelpickrightnow.Priceplaysabigroleinthatsuggestion.Applepicking,forexample,isusuallyveryaffordable,withsomeorchards（果园）offeringproductsbythepound,for$1or$2,andothersofferingaflatfeeforanall-you-canfillbagforabout$30.

Visitanationalpark

Thereare421nationalparksintheU.S.,sooddsareyou’vegotoneindrivingrange.Ifyou’reupforachallenge,youcanclimbtheHalfDomeinYosemiteorracedownthegreatsanddunesinColorado.Theparksarealsoaffordable.Anannualpass,whichguaranteesentrytoeveryparkforanentirefamily,isjust$80.

Planacampingtrip

Itdoesn’tcostmuchmorethancamping.Moststateshavedozensofdrive-incampsites,whileyoucanalsofindcabinsinthe$50-$100pernightrange.There’snoshortageofactivities,either—whetherit’sfishing,hiking,bikingorjustperfectingyourcampingrecipe.

RentanRV（露营车，房车）

RVsareaprimeoptionforacheapvacation.UsinganRVforavacationmeansyou’repayingforyourtransportationandlodgingallinone.Also,consideringthatsometwo-personRVscangoforaslittleas$175-$200pernight,youcaneasilyfindyourselftravelingaroundthecountrywithoutbreakingthebank.

1.Whichvacationwouldathrillseekermostprobablychoose?

A.Roadtriptoalocalfarm.B.Visitanationalpark.

C.Planacampingtrip.D.RentanRV.

2.Whatdothevacationshaveincommon?

A.Wallet-friendly.B.Environment-friendly.

C.Family-friendly.D.User-friendly.

3.What’stheuniqueadvantageofrentingRVs?

A.Itmakesyourvacationadventurous.

B.Itoffersfreetripsaroundtheworld.

C.Youcankilltwobirdswithonestone.

D.Youmayhavesomeonetokeepyoucompany.

【答案】1.B2.A3.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了非常省钱的四个度假计划。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。

根据Visitanationalpark部分中的“Ifyou’reupforachallenge,youcanclimbtheHalfDomeinYosemiteorracedownthegreatsanddunesinColorado.”可知，如果你准备迎接挑战，你可以去爬约塞米蒂国家公园的半圆山，或者冲下科罗拉多的沙丘。

由此可知，寻求刺激的人最可能选择参观国家公园。

故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。

根据文章中对四个度假计划中的“affordable;cheap;Itdoesn’tcostmuchmorethancamping.”可知，这四个度假计划都不贵，而Wallet-friendly的意思就是省钱。

故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。

根据RentanRV部分中的“UsinganRVforavacationmeansyou'repayingforyourtransportationandlodgingallinone.”可知，用房车度假意味着付一次款可以同时解决交通与住宿两个问题，而killtwobirdswithonestone意思是“一箭双雕”，符合题意。

故选C。

B

MargaretMead,themostfamousanthropologist（人类学家）intheworld,wasbornintheUSAin1901,theoldestoffivechildren.Herfatherwasaprofessoroffinanceandhermotherwasasociologist.Afterstudyingpsychologyasanundergraduate,MeadbeganaPhDintherelativelynewfieldofanthropology.Meadwasparticularlyinterestedinprimitivecommunitiesbecauseshebelievedthatsuchisolatedculturescouldserveas"laboratories"thatwouldrevealwaysoflivingthatthemodernworldhadforgottenaboutbutneededtoremember.

HavingtravelledtoSamon,afewtinyvolcanic,tropicalislandsinthecenterofthePacificOcean,Meadgraduallygotinterestedingenderrolesanddiscoveredthatmodernsocietiesarefarmorestrictinthisareathanprimitiveones.Forexample,Americanstendtothinkofmenasproductive,sensible,andaggressive,whilewomenareoftentoldthey'remorelight-hearted,peaceful,andnurturing.Butinher1935book,SexandTemperamentinThreePrimitiveSocieties,

MeadstudiedtribesinPapuaNewGuineaandrecordedthatintheArapeshtribe,bothmenandwomenwerepeacefulandnurturing,whileamongtheMundugurnortribe,menandwomenwerebothruthlessandaggressive.

Mead'sstrikingconclusionisthatitisn'tgenderthatmakeswomencurltheirhairorlistentopeople'sfeelings,orracethatmakessomenationsregularlyattacktheirneighbors.Rather,it'sthesocialexpectationsandnormsthathavelaidthegroundworkforeachindividual'spsychologicalmakeup."Wemustrecognize,"sheremindedherreaders,"thatbeneaththesuperficial（表面上的）classificationsofsexandrace,thesamepotentialitiesalwaysexist,occurringagaingenerationaftergeneration,onlytoperishbecausesocietyhasnoplaceforthem."

Sheisregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialsocialscientistsofthelastcentury.PeoplearoundtheworldmournedthedeathofMargaretMeadin1978.Ayearlater,thepresidentoftheUnitedStates,JimmyCarter,honoredthesocialscientistwithAmerica'shighestawardforcivilians.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMeadfromthetext?

A.Shewasinfluencedbyhermothertobeananthropologist.

B.Shemajoredinpsychologyandanthropologyasanundergraduate.

C.Shebelievedisolatedculturescouldexposeforgottenwaysoflivingtothemodernworld.

D.Shediscoveredmodernsocietiesarelessstrictingenderrolesthanprimitiveones.

5.ItcanbeinferredfromMead'sstudyintribesthat

A.theworldisfilledwithseparatecultures.

B.nogendercharacteristicsareeversimply"humannature".

C.knowinganotherculturewillhelpusreflectonourown.

D.socialstandardsareresponsibleforindividual'sdevelopment.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inthethirdparagraphreferto?

A.Sharedpotentialamonghumans.

B.Classificationsofgenderandrace.

C.Socialexpectationsandnorms.

D.Individual'spsychologicalmakeups.

7.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomen.

B.TherecommendationofMead'sbook.

C.Theintroductionaboutagreatanthropologist.

D.Thegroundworkforeachindividual'smakeup.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了著名的人类学家玛格丽特.米德的主要成就及影响。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。

本题题干意为：

关于米德，我们可以从课文中学到什么?

从第一自然段“...becauseshebelievedthatsuchisolatedculturescouldserveas“laboratories”thatwouldrevealwaysoflivingthatthemodernworldhadforgottenaboutbutneededtoremember.”因为她相信这种孤立的文化可以充当“实验室”，揭示现代世界已经遗忘但必须记住的生活方式。

故选C。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。

本题题干意为：

从米德对部落的研究可以推断出什么？

从第三段“Mead'sstrikingconclusionisthatitisn'tgenderthatmakeswomencurltheirhairorlistentopeople'sfeelings,orracethatmakessomenationsregularlyattacktheirneighbors.”米德的惊人结论是，并不是性别使女性卷起头发或倾听人们的感受，也不是种族使一些国家经常攻击他们的邻居。

可以推断得出作者认为任何性别特征都不是简单的人性。

故选B。

【6题详解】

词句猜测题。

本题题干意为：

第三段中划线的单词“them”指的是什么?

从第三自然段“thesamepotentialitiesalwaysexist,occurringgenerationaftergeneration,onlytoperishbecausesocietyhasnoplaceforthem.”同样的潜力永远存在，一代又一代地出现，只是因为社会没有它们的位置而消失，可以看出them指的是Sharedpotentialamonghumans。

故选A。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。

本题题干意为：

这篇文章的主要内容是什么？

通读全文可知，文章首段介绍玛格丽特.米德的家庭成员及其爱好，后文继续介绍玛格丽特.米德的专业、成就及影响。

故本文作者是在向读者介绍著名的人类学家玛格丽特.米德。

故选C。

C

Ostara,uponwhichEasterisbased,isthePagancelebrationofthevernalequinox（春分）.

TheholidayisnamedafterEostre,aspringgoddessoftheGermanictradition.Thereisn’tmuchwrittenrecordofEostre,anditisthoughtshewasworshipedbytribeswhousedoraltraditionratherthanwrittenwordstorecordhistory.Eostrewasasymboloffertility—shemayhavebeentheoriginalsourceoftheassociationofeggswithspringtimecelebrations.ShemayalsoberesponsiblefortheEasterrabbit—thespringequinoxwasatimewhenhareswouldcomeoutandmate.Afemaleharecanevenconceive（受孕）whilepregnantwithanotherone—thisremarkablefertilitybecameasymboloftheseason.Ther