hvacterms空调专业用语 1Word格式文档下载.docx

hvacterms空调专业用语 1Word格式文档下载.docx

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AIRBALANCING

Adjustinganairconditioningsystemsothattherightamountofairisdeliveredtotherightplacesinyourhomeinordertoachievetherightheatingorcoolingeffect.

AIRBALANCETEST

Atestusedtomeasureairflowacrossatowerorairhandlersystem.

AIR,STANDARDCONDITIONS

ConditionsatwhichBTUratingsforsummerairconditioningequipmentisrated.95F0drybulb,75F0wetbulbatthecondenserinletand80F0drybulb,67F0wetbulbattheevaporatorinlet.

AMP

Thepracticalmeter-kilogram-secondunitofelectriccurrentthatisequivalenttoaflowofonecoulombpersecondortothesteadycurrentproducedbyonevoltappliedacrossaresistanceofoneohm.

AMBIENT

Referstothetemperaturesurroundingabodyorunitundertest.

ARI

AirConditioningandRefrigerationInstitute

ATMOSPHERICPRESSURE

Theweightofa1squareinchcolumnoftheearth'

satmosphere.Atsealevelthispressureis14.696poundspersquareinch.

BIMETAL

Twometalswithdifferentratesofexpansionfastenedtogether.Whenheatedorcooledtheywillwarpandcanbemadetoopenorcloseaswitchorvalve.

BOILINGPOINT

Thetemperatureatwhichtheadditionofanyheatwillbeginachangeofstatefromaliquidtoavapor.

BRITISHTHERMALUNIT（BTU）

Theamountofheatnecessarytochangethetemperatureof1poundofpurewater1degreeFahrenheit（oF）.

Btuh:

Britishthermalunitsperhour.

MBH:

1000Britishthermalunits/hour

CAPILLARYTUBE

Arefrigerantcontrolconsistingofasmalldiametertubewhichcontrolsflowbyrestriction.Theyarecarefullysizedbyinsidediameterandlengthforeachparticularapplication.

CENTIGRADE

Atemperaturescalewiththefreezingpointofwater00andtheboilingpoint1000atsealevel.

CentralAirConditioningSystem

Systeminwhichairistreatedatacentrallocationanddistributedtoandfromroomsbyoneormorefansandaseriesofducts.

CFM

StandsforCubicFeetperMinute.Thismeasurementindicateshowmanycubicfeetofairpassbyastationarypointinoneminute.Thehigherthenumber,themoreairisbeingmovedthroughtheductworkbythesystem.

CHECKVALVE

Avalvedesignedtopermitflowinonedirectiononly.

CHILLEDWATER

Chillwateristhewaterintheclosedloop（closedtotheatmosphere）orevaporatorsystemofthechiller.

COMPRESSION

Thereductionofvolumeofavapororgasbymechanicalmeans.

COMPRESSIONRATIO

Theratiodeterminedbydividingthedischargepressure,inPSI,bythesuctionpressureinPSI.

COMPRESSOR

Amechanicaldeviceusedtocompressgases.Threemaintypesare:

reciprocating,centrifugalandrotary.

CONDENSATIONPOINT

Thetemperatureatwhichtheremovalofanyheatwillbeginachangeofstatefromavaportoaliquid.

CONDENSINGMEDIUM

Thesubstance,usuallyairorwater,towhichtheheatinacondenseristransferred.

CONDENSINGUNIT

Theportionofarefrigerationsystemwherethecompressionandcondensationofrefrigerantisaccomplished.Sometimesreferredtoasthe'

highside'

.

CONDUCTION

Thetransferofheatfrommoleculetomoleculewithinasubstance.

CONTACTOR

Anelectromagneticactuatedrelay.Usuallyusedtorefertotherelaywhichclosesthecircuittoacompressor.

CONVECTION

Thetransferofheatbyamovingfluid.

COOLINGANTICIPATOR

Aresistanceheater（usuallynotadjustable）inparallelwiththecoolingcircuit.Itis'

on'

whenthecurrentis'

off"

addingheattoshortentheoffcycle.

COP

Ratioofworkperformedoraccomplishedascomparedtotheenergyused.

COIL

Aheatingorcoolingelementmadeofpipeortubing,usuallywithplatesorfins.

CRANKCASEHEATER

Electricheatingelementthatisusedtoheatthecompressorcrankcasetopreventmigratingrefrigerantfromcondensinganddilutingthecrankcaseoilduringtheoff-cycle.

CUBICFEETPERMINUTE

Acommonmeansofassigningquantitativevaluestovolumesofairintransit,usuallyabbreviatedCFM.

CYCLE

Thecompletecourseofoperationofarefrigerantbacktoaselectedstartingpointinasystem.Alsousedtodescribealternatingcurrentthrough360spacedegrees.

Damper

Amovableplate,locatedintheductwork,thatregulatesairflow.Dampersareusedtodirectairtotheareasthatneeditmost.Typicallyusedinazoningapplication.

dB

Adecibelisaunitusedtomeasuretherelativeintensityofsound.

DEHUMIDIFIER

Adevicethatremovesexcessmoisturefromtheair.

DENSITY

Massorweightperunitofvolume.Forexample,standardair=.075poundspercubicfoot.

DISCHARGELINE

Atubeusedtoconveythecompressedrefrigerantvaporfromthecompressortothecondenserinlet.

DISCHARGEPRESSURE

Thepressurereadatthecompressoroutlet.Alsocalledheadpressureorhighsidepressure.

DRYAIR

Airwhichcontainsnomoisturevapor.

DRYBULBTEMPERATURE

Temperaturereadwithanordinarythermometer.

Ductwork

Themethodbywhichairischanneledfromthefurnaceortheblowercoilthroughoutyourhome.

EFFECTIVETEMPERATURE

Anarbitraryconceptwhichcombinesintoasinglevaluetheeffectoftemperature,humidity,andairmovementassensedbythehumanbody.

ENTHALPY

Totalamountofheatinonepoundofasubstancecalculatedfromacceptedtemperaturebase,expressedinBTU'

sperpoundmass.

EQUIVALENTLENGTH

Thatlengthofstraighttubingwhichhasthesamepressuredropasthefitting,valveoraccessory（ofthesamenominalsize）beingconsidered.

EVAPORATIVECOOLING

Thecoolingeffectofvaporizationofaliquidinamovingairstream.

EVAPORATOR

Adeviceinwhichaliquidrefrigerantisvaporized.Somesuperheatingusuallytakesplace.

EVAPORATORSUPERHEAT

Theactualtemperatureoftherefrigerantvaporattheevaporatorexitascomparedtothesaturatedvaportemperatureindicatedbythesuctionpressure.

EXTERNALSTATICPRESSURE

Thesumofthestaticandvelocitypressuresofamovingairsystematthepointofmeasurement.

FAHRENHEIT

Atemperaturescalewiththefreezingpointofwater320Fandtheboilingpoint2120Fatsealevel.

FEETPERMINUTE

Atermassignedtoavelocityofamovingairstream,usuallyexpressFPM.

FILTER-DRIER

Adevicethatremovesmoisture,acidandforeignmatterfromtherefrigerant.

FLASHGAS

Instantaneousevaporationofsomeliquidrefrigerantatthemeteringdeviceduetopressuredropwhichcoolstheremainingliquidrefrigeranttodesiredevaporationtemperature.

FREEZINGPOINT

Thetemperatureatwhichtheremovalofanyheatwillbeginachangeofstatefromaliquidtoasolid.

GAUGEPRESSURE

Pressuremeasuredwithatmosphericpressureasabase.

HEAT

Aformofenergycausingtheagitationofmoleculeswithinasubstance.

HEATEXCHANGER

Adeviceforthetransferofheatenergyfromthesourcetotheconveyingmedium.

HEATFLOW

Heatflowsfromawarmertoacoolersubstance.Theratedependsuponthetemperaturedifference,theareaexposedandthetypeofmaterial.

HEATOFCOMPRESSION

Theheataddedtoavaporbytheworkdoneonitduringcompression.

HEATOFTHELIQUID

Theincreaseintotalheat（Enthalpy）perpoundofasaturatedliquidasitstemperatureisincreasedaboveachosenbasetemperature.（Usually-400Fforrefrigerants）.ItisexpressedinBTU'

s.

HEATTRANSFER

Thethreemethodsofheattransferareconduction,convectionandradiation.

Humidifier

Anindoorairqualitydevicethatintroducesmoisturetoheatedairasitpassesfromthefurnaceintotheductworkfordistributionthroughoutthehome.

Humidistat

Anautomaticdeviceusedtomaintainhumidityatafixedoradjustablesetpoint.

HVAC

Heating,VentilationandAirConditioning.

INCHESOFMERCURY-Atmosphericpressureisequalto29.92inchesofmercury.

INFILTRATION

Airthatentersyourhomethroughholes,gaps,andcracks,（e.g.,plumbingorelectricalholes,theheatingandairconditioningsystem,doors,andwindows）.

LATENTHEAT

Heatthatproducesachangeofstatewithoutachangeintemperature;

i.e.,icetowaterat32F0orwatertosteamat212F0.

LATENTHEATOFCONDENSATION

TheamountofheatenergyinBTU'

sthatmustberemovedtochangethestateofonepoundofavaportoonepoundofliquidatthesametemperature.

LATENTHEATOFFUSION

Theamountofheatenergy,inBTU'

srequiredtochangethestateofonepoundofaliquidtoonepoundofsolidatthesametemperature.

LATENTHEATOFMELTING

S,thatmustberemovedtochangethestateofonepoundofsolidtoonepoundofvaporatthesametemperature.

LATENTHEATOFVAPORIZATION

srequiredtochangethestateofonepoundofaliquidtoonepoundofvaporatthesametemperature.

LIFT

Toelevateafluidfromoneleveltoahigherlevel.

LIQUIDLINE

Atubeusedtoconveytheliquidrefrigerantfromthecondenseroutlettotherefrigerantcontroldeviceoftheevaporator.

LOADCALCULATION 

Amathematicaldeterminationofhowmuchcoolingandheating（BTUs）anHVACsystemmustdeliverforoccupantsafetyandcomfort. 

Itisbasedonavarietyoffactors:

squarefootage,build