版英语高三一轮复习系列大一轮复习讲义话题版浙江话题Unit 8.docx
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版英语高三一轮复习系列大一轮复习讲义话题版浙江话题Unit8
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproached(靠近)meinapublicplace.(2018·天津)
2.IhaveafulldayofclassesonMondayandabirthdaypartytoattend(参加)onTuesday.
3.Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetition(比赛)orwhetherornotIwasathletic.(2018·北京)
4.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscourage(劝阻)spending—“bad”tables,crowding,highprices—don’tnecessarily.(2018·江苏)
5.Icansolvetheproblemsinworkingeffectively(有效地).
6.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternativeexplanations(解释)arehardtofind.(2017·江苏)
7.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure(衰竭).(2017·北京)
8.Shehadrichimagination(想象力)andshewasbrave.
9.Thismethod(方法)providedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
10.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous(不安的),butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.(2018·北京)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Thetrainingschedule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoining(join)inavarietyofactivities.
(2018·天津)
2.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspirits(spirit)andtheyleavewithasmile.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
3.There’snothingmorerewarding(reward)thanputtingsmilesonthefacesaroundyou.
4.Ourteamwillparticipate(participate)inanationalcompetitiononbehalfofourschoolnextFriday.
5.Itsoundsfineintheory,butwillitwork?
6.Thistaskisverychallenging(challenge).
7.It’sascienceprogramontheoriginoftheuniverse.I’llgiveapresentation(present)onitinmyclasstomorrow.
8.Anyway,weshouldsparenoefforttoprotect(protect)ourmotherplanet.
9.Itwasamajoraccomplishment(accomplish)foraplayerwhohadbeeninjuredsorecently.
10.Allchecked-inbaggagemustbematchedwithapassengertravellingontheaircraft.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1.WangShuwonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2.Iwilleventuallypayoffmydebtwiththischeck.
3.Jackhastroublekeepingupwiththerestoftheclass.
4.Thenurseisattendingtoasickmannow.
5.Focusingonthatgoalhelpsmegetthroughtoughtimes.
6.Don’tloseheart.You’llmakeitnexttime.
Ⅳ.同义词语替换
1.Alongwithyourwonderfulinvitation,youneedtohandinareport.turnin
2.HelenvolunteeredtohaveThanksgivingatherhousethisyear.offered
3.Heoftengoestothelibraryinhisfreetimetosearchfortheinformationthatheneeds.inhissparetime
4.Hegavemeapuzzledlook.confused
5.Sheworkedveryhardandfinallyshepassedtheexamination.gotthrough
approachvt.&vi.靠近,临近;走近;接洽
n.方法;接近;通道,路径
(1)anapproachto...(做某事的)方法/途径;接近,靠近
attheapproachof在快到……的时候
(2)beapproaching正在/将要接近
with...approaching在……快到的时候
(1)China’sapproachtoprotecting(protect)itsenvironmentwhilefeedingitscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
[句式升级]
(2)Thetimeforgraduationisapproachingandwearebusywithourpapers.
①Attheapproachofgraduation,wearebusywithourpapers.(用approachn.改写)
②Withthetimeforgraduationapproaching,wearebusywithourpapers.(用with复合结构改写)
③Asthetimeforgraduationisapproaching,wearebusywithourpapers.(用as引导的时间状语从句改写)
易错点拨
(1)approach表示“……的方法/途径”时,后常接介词to;当表示某人或某物的来临时,其后常接介词of。
(2)表示“……来临”的表达有:
beapproaching,bedrawingnear,be(just)aroundthecorner,becoming等。
awardvt.授予;给予;判定
n.奖;奖品
awardsth.tosb.=awardsb.sth.把某物颁发给某人
win/receive/getanawardfor...因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项
(1)Thegoldmedalwillbeawarded(award)towhoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.
(2018·天津)
(2)Shewasoneofthethreescientistsawarded(award)the2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinefortheirworkindevelopingeffectivedrugsagainstparasiticdiseases.
(3)Shewonanawardforheroutstandingperformance.
易错点拨
(1)要表示多少奖金,通常用“anawardof+钱数”。
(2)表示“授予”时可接双宾语。
cheatv.欺骗;作弊;舞弊
n.欺诈行为;骗子
cheatsb.outofsth.骗取某人某物
cheatsb.intodoing...欺骗某人做……
(1)Twoyoungmencheatedtheoldladyofhernecklaceandthengotaway.
两个年轻人骗走了老太太的项链,然后逃走了。
(2)Hecheatedmeintobelievingthathewasrich.
他骗我相信他很有钱。
易错点拨
cheat用作及物动词表示“欺骗”时,其宾语通常是人而不能是物,且不能接双宾语,要表示“骗取某人的某物”,通常用cheatsb.(out)ofsth.。
(1)discouragedoingsth.阻止做某事
discouragesb.fromdoingsth.劝阻/阻止/不鼓励某人做某事
(2)discouragedadj.泄气的,沮丧的,灰心丧气的
discouragingadj.令人泄气的,令人沮丧的
discouragementn.劝阻;泄气;使人泄气的事;挫折,气馁
(1)It’sdiscouraging(discourage)thatsomanystudentshavefailed.
(2)Parentsshoulddiscouragetheirchildrenfromsmoking.
(3)Unfortunately,dealingwiththerisingwaterdoesnotmakethenativesdiscouraged(discourage).
(2018·四川广安二模)
(4)Beingconfidentcanhelpusovercomedifficultieswhenwe’reencounteredwithadversityanddiscouragement(discourage).
易错点拨
discourage是及物动词,所以当没有宾语的时候,要考虑使用被动结构,如将“不要气馁”译成英语,不可译为“Don’tdiscourage.”,而应译为“Don’tbediscouraged.”。
discourage后面不接不定式作宾语,也不接不定式作宾补。
(1)involvesth./sb.包括,牵连某物/某人
involvesb.in(doing)sth.使某人卷入(做)某事
involvedoing...包括/牵扯到做……
(2)involvedadj.有关的;卷入的;复杂的
beinvolvedin参与;卷入;专注于……
beinvolvedwith涉及;与……有关
(3)involvementn.连累;牵连;卷入
(1)We’llmakeourdecisionandcontactthepeopleinvolved(involve).
(2)Beingasoldiercaninvolvegetting(get)killed.
(3)Morethan30softwarefirmswereinvolvedin(参与)theprojectlastmonth.
易错点拨
(1)involve是及物动词,后跟动词时要用动名词形式。
(2)involved作前置定语时,意为“复杂的”;作后置定语时意为“有关的;涉及的”。
theinvolvedproblem复杂的问题;theprobleminvolved所涉及的问题。
matchn.比赛;对手;敌手;相配者;火柴
v.敌得过;和……相匹配;使成对
(1)match...against让……同……较量;拿……与……比较
match...with...使……与……相配
(2)benomatchfor比不上……,不是……的对手
meetone’smatch遇到对手
[写出下列句子中match的汉语意思]
(1)Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?
比赛
(2)Iwashismatchattennis.对手
(3)Youcan’tmatchhiminknowledgeofwildplants.敌得过,比得上
(4)ThenInoticedthathewaswearingshoesthatdidnotmatch.和……相配
[单句语法填空]
(5)Iwasnomatchforhimatchess.
(6)Wetrytomatchtheentertainmentswiththepreferencesoftheholidaymakers.
[用suit,fit,match的正确形式填空]
(7)Thesizeoftheshirtfitsmewellanditscolormatchesmytie,soitsuitsme.
[易混辨析] suit,fit,match
※suit侧重合乎条件、身份、口味、需要等;指衣服时,指在色调、颜色、花样等方面适合某人。
※fit侧重尺寸、大小合适,因而引申为“吻合”。
※match指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配,相当于gowith。
bymeansof用……办法;借助……
byallmeans尽一切方法;当然可以
bynomeans=notbyanymeans绝不,一点也不位于句首时,句子用部分倒装语序
(1)Sofar,everypossiblemeanshasbeentried(try),butnoneworked.
(2)Hegotintothehousebymeansof(借助于)anopenwindow.
[句式升级]
(3)I’llforgiveyouthistime,butyoushallbynomeansmakethemistakeagain.(改为倒装句)
I’llforgiveyouthistime,butbynomeansshallyoumakethemistakeagain.
易错点拨
means表示“方式”“方法”“手段”时,单复数同形。
表示做某事的方法,means后常接ofdoingsth.,一般不接不定式。
(1)inreality事实上,实际上
realityn.[U]现实,真实;[C]事实,现实的事物
comeintoreality(梦想)实现
becomeareality成为现实
(2)realisticadj.现实的;现实主义的
(1)Heseemsself-confident,butinreality(实际上)heisveryshy.
(2)[一句多译] 他上大学的梦想已经实现了。
①Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehasbeenrealised.
②Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehascometrue.
③Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehasbecomeareality.
④Hisdreamofgoingtocollegehascomeintoreality.
spareadj.空闲的;剩下的;备用的
vt.抽出;匀出;节约;赦免
(1)sparesb.sth.(=sparesth.forsb.)为某人抽出……
sparenoefforttodo...不遗余力地做……
sparenoexpense不惜工本
tospare剩余的
(2)inone’ssparetime在某人业余时间
(1)Inmysparetime,IoftengototheEnglishCorner.
(2)Iwillsparenoefforttohelp(help)youwithyourEnglish.
(3)I’msorryIhavenotimetospare(spare)atthemoment.
(4)Theystartedofflateandgottotheairportwithminutestospare.
他们动身晚了,到达机场时只剩下几分钟了。
(5)Nowparentssparenoexpensesontheirchildren’seducation.
现在父母在孩子的教育上不吝惜花费。
beduetodosth.预期/预定要做某事
bedueforsth.期望得到某物
(1)Themeetingisn’tduetostart(start)untilthree.
会议直到三点才开始。
(2)RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.
(2018·江苏)
雷诺·韦恩和她的丈夫莫斯因为他们的错误投资而无家可归。
(3)Thewagesduetohimwillbepaidtomorrow.
他应得的工资明天付给他。
(1)concentrateon(doing)sth.专心于(做)某事
concentrateone’smind/attentionon集中注意力于;致力于;专心于
(2)concentratedadj.浓缩的;密集的
concentrationn.集中;专心
(1)Becausetheplaceswherewildlifeisaccessiblearefewinnumber,touristtrafficcanbecomeconcentrated(concentrate)inspecificareas,puttingArcticvegetationatrisk.(2018·安徽六安模拟)
(2)Withhisattentionconcentrated(concentrate)onhisstudy,hedidn’tnoticemecomingin.
(3)Theboyfoundithardtoconcentratehisattentionon(集中注意力于)hisstudy.
getthrough通过;设法联系上尤指打通电话,接通;用完,耗尽;完成;到达;使某人熬过困难时期
getawayfrom从……脱离;逃脱;摆脱
getacross解释清楚,使人了解;传达
getover克服;恢复
getround/around/about走动;消息等传开
[写出下列句子中getthrough的汉语意思]
(1)WegotthroughafortunewhilewewereinNewYork!
用完
(2)ItriedtoringmygirlfriendbutIcouldn’tgetthrough.接通电话
(3)Let’sstart;there’salotofworktogetthrough.完成
(4)EveryconfusionseemedlikeabarrierIhadtogetthroughtoreachmygoal.
(2018·北京海淀区二模)
通过
易错点拨
表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用getthroughtosb.。
keepitup保持优秀成绩;继续干下去
keepback隐瞒;抑制
keepoff使……不接近;远离;减去
keepup坚持;维持;沿袭风俗、传统等
keepawayfrom使不接近;使远离
[根据语境用keep短语的正确形式填空]
(1)Theylitafiretokeepoffwildanimals.
(2)Neitherofthemistellingthewholetruth.Invariably,theykeepsomethingback.
(3)Evenwell-establishedcompaniescanscarcelykeepupwithdemand.
(4)Ifyou’reeatingahealthydiet,keepitup.
payback偿还;报复;回报
payfor花钱买;付出代价
payavisitto参观;拜访
payattentionto注意;留心
(1)ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegavememakesmehappy.
我可以回报别人给我的帮助,这让我很高兴。
(2)Hehadtoworkpart-timesoastopayforhisschoolfee.
他得做兼职工作以支付学费。
(3)TheeffortsmadebyJackandhisparentspaidoff.
杰克和他父母的努力奏效了。
(1)refer...to...把……提交给……
referto...as...把……称为……
(2)in/withref