Unit one必修一.docx
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Unitone必修一
Unit1Friendship
教学过程1、Warmup
2、单词、词组、课文听写
3、课文讲解
4、语法知识学习
5、相关训练
目标:
1、掌握重点词汇:
NetherlandsGermandisliketipspellbindthundersuitcasepowercurtaindusty
2、掌握短语:
gothrough;setdownaseriesof;onpurpose;inorderto;atdusk;facetoface
3、重点句型:
IwonderifitisbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorforsolongthatIhavegrowcrazy……(强调句型)
ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface...这/那是第一/二….次…..
4、直接引语和间接引语
Stepone——Warmup:
Acoldwelcome冷遇
OnWednesdayevening,wewenttotheTownHall.ItwasthelastdayoftheyearandalargecrowdofpeoplehadgatheredundertheTownHallclock.Itwouldstriketwelveintwentyminutes'time.Fifteenminutespassedandthen,atfivetotwelve,theclockstopped.Thebigminutehanddidnotmove.Wewaitedandwaited,butnothinghappened.Suddenlysomeoneshouted.'It'stwominutespasttwelve!
Theclockhasstopped!
'Ilookedatmywatch.Itwastrue.ThebigclockrefusedtowelcometheNewYear.Atthatmoment,everybodybegantolaughandsing.
新词积累:
welcomen.欢迎;v.欢迎crowdn.人群gatherv.聚集handn.(表或机器的)指针shoutv.喊叫refusev.拒绝laughv.笑
Steptwo——课文内容讲解
1、Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough.
该句是一个主从复合句,其中第一个or承接上下句表示选择关系,第二个or连接从句的谓语动词wouldlaughat…和wouldnotunderstand….。
that从句为beafraid的宾语从句,从句whatyouaregoingthrough作understand的宾语。
gothrough在本句中表示“经历,经受“,相当于experience。
Thiscountyhasgonethroughmanywars.
Mostfamilywentthroughalotduringthewar.
gothrough的其他用法:
仔细检查;通过;用光
Ican’tgothroughthelettersinanhour.
Theplandidn’tgothrough.
Hehasgonethroughallhismoneyforhisillness.
典型例题:
Ialwaysstartthedayby__________myemail.
A.goingintoB.goingoverC.goingthroughD.gettingthrough
Thepolice_________thebuildinghopingtocatchthethief.
A.lookedforB.searchforC.foundoutD.wentthrough
2、Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty,
setdown意为记下,写下,系动副搭配。
也可意为“放下“。
Youdon’thavetosetdownallthatourteachersaid.
Isetdowneverythingthathappenedthen.
Heenteredthehouse,setdownhisheavybagandaskedforsomewatertodrink.
Seriesn.连续,系列,单复数同形,一般与介词of连用,aseriesof”一系列,一连串“。
Aseriesofaccidentshasbeenreported.
Therewillbeaseriesoffootballgamesnextmonth..
&series单复数同形,作主语时谓语动词根据Series的单复数概念而定,不根据of后的名词而定。
Aseriesoflecturesisscheduled.
Twoseriesofnewstampshavecomeout.
典型例题:
Thispublishingfirmisplanning_________schooltextbooks.
A.aseriesnewofB.newaseriesofC.ofaseriesnewD.anewseriesof
3、Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’ve
grownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法
出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
本句是一个复杂的主从复合句,主句是Iwonder,if引导的是宾语从句,其含有一个强调句型结构,其结构是Itis/was+被强调部分+that从句。
强调句型可对句中的主语、宾语、表语、状语等进行强调,若强调的主语是人,后面的that也可用who代替,可译为“正是……”。
Imetmyoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.
﹣﹣﹥ItwasIwho/thatmetmyoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.(强调主语)
﹣﹣﹥Itwasmyoldfriendwho/thatImetinthestreetyesterday.(强调宾语)
﹣﹣﹥Itwasinthestreetthatmetmyoldfriendyesterday.(强调宾语)
﹣﹣﹥Itwasyesterdaythatmetmyoldfriendinthestreet.(强调宾语)
使用强调句型时须注意一下几点:
(1)强调句型中的it不能用其他词代替;is/was表达的现在或过去时态要与原句时态一致且只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态形式。
(2)被强调部分可以是除谓语动词以外的任何部分,当被强调部分指人时,可以用who/that,其余一律用that.
Itiswho/thatisgoingtospeakattheschoolmeeting.
(3)强调结构的一般疑问句是“Is/Wasit...that...?
”形式。
WasitfromQingHuaUniversitythathegraduated?
到底清华大学是不是他毕业的学校?
(4)强调结构的特殊疑问句用“特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat...?
”形式。
Whenwasitthatyoumethim?
你到底是什么时候见到他的?
(5)判断一个句子是不是强调句型的方法:
把句中的Itis/was和that/who去掉,看句子结构是否仍然完整,若完整就是,否则就不是。
Itis8o’clockwhenIleaveforschool.(when引导的时间状语从句)
Itisat8o’clockthatIleaveforschool.(强调句式)
4、....Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthe
moonbymyself.直到11点半,我故意不睡觉,为的是独自好好看看月亮。
(1)onpurpose意为故意地,与purposely同义,故意做某事为dosth.onpurpose
Hecamehereonpurposetotellyouthetruth.他来这儿专门告诉你真相。
Hediditonpurpose.他故意做了那件事。
For/withthepurposeof….为了….,目的是….
Ameetingwascalledforthepurposeofmakingafinaldecision.
(2)inorderto为固定搭配,意为“为了….“,其后接动词原形,相当于soasto,但soastodo一般不用在句首。
在句中作的句子成分是目的状语,其否定形式为inordernotto,。
Inordertocatchupwithothers,youshouldtryharder.为了赶上别人,你应更加努力。
Hehidhimselfamongthetreesinordernottobecaught.为了不被逮住,他藏在树林中。
目的状语的其他表示形式:
(1)动词不定式todo
(2)“sothat/inorderthat”,且从句中需加情态动词may,might,could,can等。
Theystartedearlysothat/inorderthattheymightarriveontime.
典型例题:
Theteacherraisedhervoice________everyonecouldhearclearly.
A.inordertoB.inorderthatC.soastoD.makesure
Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_______intime.
A.inordertohavereceivedB.soastobereceivingC.soastobereceivedD.soastobereceiving
5.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn’tdareopenawindow.但是因为月
光太亮了,我不敢打开窗户。
(1)toomuch意为过多,太多,其中much是中心词,too对其进行修饰。
much可作形容词,修饰不可数名词;可作副词,修饰动词.
Hedrinkstoomuchwine.他酒喝得太多。
Thereisfartoomuchsnowontheground.地上的雪太多了。
Hetalkstoomuch.他话说得太多。
&toomany太多…,修饰可数名词复数
Therearetoomanypeopleinthehall.
(2)muchtoo意为太,非常,其中too是中心词,是副词,常修饰形容词和副词。
Thequestionismuchtoodifficultforme.这个问题对我来说太难了。
Sheismuchtootexcited他太兴奋了。
用toomuch,muchtoo填空
(1)He’sdrunk___________wine,andhewas___________puzzledwhattodo.
(2)Thepriceofthecomputersis____________high.
(3)Theladyspent____________moneyonthenewclothes.
(4)Thetripis____________fortheoldman.
(3)dare在本句中做实义动词,后面接带to的不定式,有人称、数以及时态的变化。
在肯定句中,dare后面的to一般不省略;在否定句和疑问句中,dare后面的to可以省略。
Hedoesn’tdare(to)gooutatnight.
Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.
(4)dare还可做情态动词,表示“敢,竟敢”,后跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化,多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
Ifyoudaredothatagain,youwillbepunished.
典型例题:
She________intothethickforestaloneonsuchadarknight.
A.daresnotgoB.daresnottogoC.darenottogoD.doesn’tdaretogo
I_______thecellphoneinschool,becauseitwillbetakenawayfromme.
A.daren’ttouseB.don’tdaretouseC.don’tdareuseD.daretonotuse
6.Anothertimefivemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.
happenv.
(1)发生
Afunnythinghappenedyesterday.
Howdidtheaccidenthappen?
&takeplace意为“发生”,常指事先安排或计划好的事情。
TheeveningpartywilltakeplaceonNewYear’sEve.
Whenwilltheweddingtakeplace?
brokeout“爆发”,指战争,灾害等突然发生
TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember1939.
occur指“发生”是可与happen换用,多指偶然发生的事情。
Ihopethiswon’toccur/happenagain.
Whendidtheexplosionhappen/occur?
知识拓展:
Happentodo碰巧做某事
Ihappenedtoseehimyesterday.
ShehappenedtobeatthegatewhenIwentby.
Happentosb.发生在某人身上
Didyouhearwhathappenedtomeyesterday?
Sheisverylate——Ihopenothinghashappenedtoher.
Ithappenedthat….碰巧…..
Ithappenedthathewasupstairs.=Hehappenedtobeupstairs,
助记:
AnearthquakehappenedwhenIhappenednottobethere.
用takeplace,happen,breakout或occur的适当形式完成句子。
The2012OlympicGames__________inLondon.
Greatchange____________inourhometowninthepastdecade.
Thetrafficaccident____________onTuesday.
Thewar_________in1997.
Keys:
tookplace,havetakeneplace,occurred/happened,brokeout.
7.itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface...这是
我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
(1)It’sthe...timethat...意为某人第……次做……。
在该句式中,it也可换为this和that;
若主句用一般过去时,that从句用过去完成时,若主句用一般现在时和将来时,从句
用现在完成时。
facetoface意为面对面地,在句中作状语。
Itisthefirsttimethattheboyhasgonehomealone.
这是那个男孩第一次单独回家。
Thiswasthefourthtimeshehadrungyouinaweek.
(2)facetoface面对面地,在句中作状语,常与with连用
facetoface面对面的(相当于形容词,常作定语)
handinhand手拉手
shouldertoshoulder肩并肩
sidebyside肩并肩;一起
arminarm手挽手
典型例题:
Theyhadawonderfulpartylastnight.First,theydanced_______________,andthentheyhada________talk,laughingmerrily.
A.facetoface;facetofaceB.facetoface;face-to-face
C.face–to-face;face–to-faceD..face–to-face;facetoface
语法知识学习
一、概念
引用别人的话一般有两种形式:
一种是引用原话,即一字不改地将别人的话加以引用,被引用的部分就称为直接引语。
二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,这叫做间接引语。
一般地讲,直接引语须放在引号内,间接引语不必放在引号,而用宾语从句表达。
Shesaid,"Iwasillyesterday."她说:
“昨天我生病了。
”(引号内的话为直接引语)
→shesaidthatshehadbeenillthedaybefore."她说她前一天生病了"
由例句中可以看出,直接引语变为间接引语时,不仅把直接引语变成宾语从句,增加连词that,而且还须相应地改变代词、动词和状语。
如:
I变成了she,was变成hadbeen,yesterday变成thedaybefore.
二、1、人称的变化
在直接引语变为间接引语时,人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应的变化。
大致遵循“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不变化”。
(1)“一随主”
是指当直接引语中的主语是第一人称,主语应与引述动词的主语一致。
LiLeisaid,"IlikeEnglishverymuch."
→LiLeisaidhelikedEnglishverymuch.
典型例题:
1)“Inevereatmeet".hesaid.
Hesaidthat_____never_______meet.
2)"Itookithomewithme,"shesaid.
Shesaidthat_______________________ithomewithher.
3)MrLiusaidtous,"I'llgotoChengdunextweek."
MrLiutoldus_______________gotoChengduthenextweek.
4)HesaidtoTom,I'lldomybesttocatchupwithothers.
→HetoldTomthat__________________________________________________________________
(2)"二随宾"
是指若直接引语的主语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰,变为间接引语时,主语应与引述动词的宾语一致。
Hesaidtoher,"Whyareyoulate?
"
Heaskedherwhyshewaslate.
典型例题:
1).Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?
”→Heasked_______.
A.howamIgettingalong
B.howareyougettingalong
C.howIwasgettingalong
D.howwasIgettingalong
2).Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?
”
→Heaskedme_________.
A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember
B.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember
C.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguemember
D.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.
3)“Yo