Topic 2 Pollution and Recycling.docx

Topic 2 Pollution and Recycling.docx

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Topic2PollutionandRecycling

Topic2PollutionandRecycling

I.Warm-up:

1.Whatkindsofpollutiondoyouknow?

2.Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddotopreventpollution?

II.GrammaticalItems:

1.表示可能性和不确定性的情态动词和短语，如：

may,might,I’mnotsure等

Hemaywellrefusetospeaktoyou,becausehe'sinabadmood.

Youmightbunkdowninthathotel.

I'mnotsurethatideawillwork.

2.表示劝告和建议的情态动词和短语，如：

should/oughtto,could,you’dbetter等

Thechildrenshouldbetakengoodcareof.

Yououghttobeblushedatyourconduct.

Itwouldhelpifhecouldwait.

Maybeyou’dbetterseeadoctor.

III.UsefulWordsandPhrases:

industrialeffluents 工业废水；industrialfumes 工业烟尘； liquidwastes 液体废物；municipalwaste 城市废物； noisepollution 噪声污染； chimneys烟囱； motorvehicles 机动车辆；oilspills 石油泄漏； acousticinsulation 隔音；smokeprevention 防烟；  chemicaltreatmentofwaste 废物的化学处理； oilresiduerecuperation 残油回收；recycledmaterials 回收的材料； reuseofmaterials 材料再利用； sewagedisposal 污水处置； waterreuse水的再利用

V.PossibleQuestions:

1.Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddotopreventglobalwarming?

2.Doyouthinkpeopleshouldrecyclenewspapers?

Whyorwhynot?

3.Whatdoyouthinkoftheproblemofgarbageinthecity?

4.Whataresomeofthebadeffectsofpollution?

IV.KeyQuestions:

1.Howmanykindsofpollutionarethere?

Pollutioncrisisisamajorproblemallaroundtheworld.Ithasaffectedthelivesofmillionsofpeopleandcausedmanydeathsandhealthproblems.Therearebasically4typesofPollution.Theyare:

airpollution,waterpollution,noisepollutionandsoilpollution.

crisis:

危机Theysufferedhugelossesinthefinancial crisis.

affect:

影响Hewasmuch affected bythesadnews.

basically:

基本上,主要地Basically,it'sallaquestionofupbringing.

soil:

土地,土壤It'srichtherebecauseofthefertilityof soil.

2.Whatisairpollution?

Airpollutionmeanstheexhaustfromburningfuelsinautomobiles,homes,andindustriesisamajorsourceofpollutionintheair.Itisalsocausedbythereleaseofparticlesorsmogintotheairfromburningfuelforenergy.Anothertypeofpollutionisthereleaseofnoxiousgases,suchassulfurdioxide,carbonmonoxide,nitrogenoxides,andchemicalvapors.Thesecanhavefurtherchemicalreactionsoncetheyareintheatmosphere,formingsmogandacidrain.

exhaust:

排气装置The exhaust pipeshotsparks.

Automobiles:

汽车

source:

来源Hisaccountprovidesyouwithaready source ofincome.

causedbythereleaseofparticlesorsmog:

由释放在空气中的烟雾及碎木屑导致而成。

fuel:

燃料Oneofthemaindisadvantagesofthissystemisthatitusesverylargeamountsof fuel.

energy:

能源Thesolarcellcanconvertthe energy ofsunlightintoelectricenergy.

noxious:

有毒的noxious chemicalwastes

sulfurdioxide:

[化]二氧化硫

carbonmonoxide:

[化]一氧化碳Asmotorvehiclesburnfuel,theygiveoff carbonmonoxide asawaste

nitrogenoxides:

氧化氮

chemicalvapors:

化学蒸汽

chemicalreactions:

化学反应

3.Whatiswaterpollution?

Waterpollutionisthecontaminationofwaterbodiessuchaslakes,rivers,oceans,andgroundwatercausedbyhumanactivities,whichmakesitfordrinkingandotherpurposes.Themajorsourcesofwaterpollutioncanbeclassifiedasmunicipal,industrial,andagricultural. Wecan'tlivewithoutwater,butnowmanyriversarepolluted.Hundredsofdeadfishcanbefoundonthesurfaceofrivers. Peoplecometoknowtheseriousnessofwaterpollution.Ourgovernmentistakingmeasurestoprotecttheriversagainstpollutions.

contamination:

污染,污染物Arobeorsmockworninoperatingroomsandotherpartsofhospitalsasaguardagainst contamination。

手术服在手术室里和医院的其他地方为防止感染或传染而穿的长袍或罩衫

ocean:

海洋ThesecreaturesliveinthedepthofthePacific Ocean（太平洋）

groundwater:

地下水

classify:

分类,归类Thebooksinthelibraryare classified bysubject

municipal:

市政的Sheworksina municipal library

agricultural:

农业的The agricultural commoditiesareabundantthisyear.今年的农产品很丰富。

surface:

表面The surface ofthelakeisquitestill.

takingmeasuresto:

采取措施去做某事

4.Whatisnoisepollution?

Noisepollutionisalsoquitedisturbingandannoying.Thenoisepollutionlevelsurgesduetothetraffic,industriesandfactories.Thisleadstothelackofconcentration,disturbsthepeacefulatmosphere,putsheavymentalstrainandincreasesmentalstrainonpeople.

disturbing:

烦扰的,担心的Hehashadsome disturbing experience

annoying:

恼人的,Aflykept annoying me.

surge:

猛增 Anger surged upwithinhim.

leadto:

导致Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoften leadto illness.

lackof:

缺乏Theflowersarewiltingfor lackof water.这些花因缺水而渐渐枯萎。

concentration:

集中, Thedrugaffectsone'spower（s）of concentration.

disturb:

扰乱, 妨碍Ididn'tlike（iefeltreluctant）to disturb you.

mentalstrain:

精神状态紧张

5.Whatissoilpollution?

Soilpollutionisthedumpingofwastesinmanyareasisamajorcauseofsoilpollution.Suchlandcannotbeusedforagriculturalpurposes.Therearemanydifferentwaysthatsoilcanbecomepolluted,suchas:

seepagefromalandfill,dischargeofindustrialwasteintothesoil,excessiveapplicationofpesticides,herbicidesorfertilizer.

dumping:

倾销Aninstanceortheresultof dumping storeddata.

purpose:

目的Sheseemstodothesethingson purpose.

seepage:

泄漏

landfill:

垃圾填埋地

discharge:

排出,释放Howlongwillthe discharge ofthecargotake？

excessiveapplication过度适用

pesticide:

杀虫剂,农药Theseedsandthe pesticide arebothready.

herbicide:

除草剂

fertilize:

施肥,使丰饶Thepeasants fertilize thefieldbyusingmanure.

6.Whatisacidrain?

Acidrainisacidicrainwhichisharmfulforplants,animalsandbuildings.Acidrainismostlycausedbyhumanreleaseofsulfurandnitrogencompoundswhichreactintheatmospheretoproduceacids.Plantsmaydieandanimalsmaygetdiseases.Buildingsmaygeteroded.

acidic:

酸的,酸性的Thesoilbecomesmoreandmore acidic aspollutionmountsup

releaseofsulfur:

硫（磺）的释放

nitrogencompound:

氮化合物

react:

反应,反攻Howdidthey react toyoursuggestion?

erode:

腐蚀,侵蚀Metalsare eroded byacids.

7.Howdowereduceandrecycle?

1don’tbuyheavilypackedgoods

2buy“loose”foodratherthanpre-packaged

3stopjunkmailandfaxes

4canceldeliveryofunwantednewspapers,donateoldmagazinestowaitingrooms

5useyourownshoppingbagswhengoingtothesupermarket

6takeapackedlunchtoworkorschoolinareusableplasticcontainer

7chooseproductsinpackagingwhichyouknowcanberecycled

8

recyclecans,bottles,plasticbags,andnewspapers.Whenyourecycle,youhelpsavenaturalresources,liketrees,oil,andelementssuchasaluminum（铝）.

pre-packaged:

预包装的

canceldelivery:

废弃物的运送

donate：

捐赠,捐献 Ican donate onehundreddollarsatbest.

reusable：

可再度使用的Objectrepositorysupportforcreatingshared, reusable formanddatamodule.

container：

容器, Areactorisa container forchemicalreaction.

naturalresource：

自然资源

element：

要素

8.Howcanweprotectforests?

Alotofforestshavebeendestroyedallovertheworld.Protectingtheearth'sforestsandreplantingthosealreadylostareveryimportantforreducefloodingandsoilerosion.Toreducethepressureonforests,weshouldreducetheburningofwoodandmakeascheduleforsustainableforestry.Andweshouldalsoplantmoretrees.

flooding：

泛滥Memoriesofhischildhoodcame flooding back.

soilerosion：

 水土流失,土蚀

schedule：

安排

sustainableforestry：

可持续林业

Topic3NationalandLocalproducts

I.Warm-up:

1.Whatkindsoflocalproductsdoyouknow?

2.Whichfoodiswell-knowninBeijing?

II.GrammaticalItems:

1.第二条件句

IfIwere…,Iwoulddo…..表示与现在事实相反的条件句

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotoschool.

IfIhad500milliondollars，Iwouldputitintothebank.

2.简单的被动语态bedone

Mustitbedonebyher?

AtoywasgivenbymymomwhenIwasthreeyearsold.

3.Usedtodo表示过去常常做某事

HeusedtodohishomeworkonSunday,butnowheoftendoeshomeworkonSaturday.

IusedtoswimeverySaturday.

III.UsefulWordsandPhrases:

Roast烤,炙,烘；Precise精确的;准确的;确切的；Established已建立的;Incision切入,切开；Facilitate使容易;促进;帮助；Cavity洞,穴,凹处；Incision切入,切开；Centigrade摄氏度；Unique独特的；Flavor味,味道；Succulent多水分的;有趣味的；Onions洋葱；Tender嫩的;柔软的；Scattered散乱的;散布的

V.PossibleQuestions:

1.CanyoutelltheprocessofmakingBeijingduck?

2.WhichrestaurantisfamousforBeijingduck?

3.Doyouknowthehistoryofgreentea?

4.Haveyouheard“thesilkroads”?

IV.KeyQuestions:

Silk

1.Whatistheoriginofsilk?

SilkswereoriginallyreservedfortheKingsofChinafortheirownuseandgiftstoothers,butspreadgraduallythroughChinesecultureandtrade,andthentomanyregionsofAsia.However,veryfewpeopleknowwhenorwhereorhowitisdiscovered.Therearemanylegendsaboutthediscoveryofsilk,someofthethemarebothromanticandmysterious.Thereisabeautifullegendoftheoriginofsilk.Longlongago,therewasanhonestandkind-heartedmannamedNiuLang.AfairyfromheavenZhiNufellinlovewithhimandcamedownsecretlytoearthandmarriedhim.WhenZhiNucamedownfromtheHeaven,shebroughtakindofworm.Thewormcouldmakeoutthesilk.Andnow,weallknowthatthesewormsarecalled“Can”,andtheyliveontheSangleaves.That’sthestoryofsilk.

originally：

原本He originally neednotbuysuchbighouse.

reserved：

保留的Theseseatsare reserved forspecialguests.

gradually：

逐渐地Controlsinthecityhave gradually tightened.

trade：

做买卖He trades onhisfather'sreputation.

region：

范围AremostofthelakesLocatedinthenorthcentral region?

legend：

传说Thisoriental legend isfascinating.

mysterious：

神秘的Therearemany mysterious storiesabouttheEgyptianpyramids.

worm：

蠕虫Manybirdseat worms.

1.Whydopeoplelovesilk?

Itiswell-knownthatsilkisdiscoveredinChinaasoneofthebestmaterialsforclothing.Ithasalookandfeelingofrichnessthatnootherclothcanmatch.Itwasasymbolofwealthandhighsocialstatus.Nowadays,silkisstillsomekindofluxury.

material：

材料Jimis