人教版初二上册英语第八单元unit 8语法篇Word格式.docx
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shelf→shelves,wolf→wolves,life→lives,knife→knives.妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌,躲在架下保己命,半片树叶遮目光。
2、不规则变化:
man→men,woman→women,sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth,fish→fish,child→children,ox→oxen,goose→geese
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。
abagofrice→twobagsofrice,apieceofpaper→threepiecesofpaper,abottleofmilk→fivebottlesofmilk.
3、名词所有格:
名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。
其构成法如下:
(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。
Childern’sDay(儿童节),mysister’sbook(我姐姐的书)
(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。
只在词尾加’。
Teachers’Day(教师节)
(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s.如:
today’snewspaper(今天的报纸),tenminutes’break(十分钟的课间休息),
China’spopulation(中国的人口).
(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。
afinedaughteroftheParty(党的好女儿).
2、[注解]:
①‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如:
myaunt’s(我阿姨家),thedoctor’s(诊所)
②两人共有某物时,可以采用AandB’s的形式,如:
LucyandLily’sbedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
③“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如:
afriendofmyfather’s(我父亲的一位朋友),afriendofmine(我的一位朋友)
4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题:
1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:
主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:
Thecomputerwasagreatinvention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)Thewaterintheglassisverycold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
2、集体名词(如family,class,team,group,row,police,school等)做句子主语时,
1如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:
ClassThreeisaverygoodclass.(三班是好班)
2如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:
ClassThreehaveamapofChina.(三班有张中国地图)
3、Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。
Thereisasheepintheyard.(院子里有只绵羊)/Therearesomesheepintheyard.(院子里有一些绵羊)
4、maths,news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数:
Thenewsisveryexciting.(这个消息令人兴奋)
5、glasses,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。
ThetrousersareverycheapandIwanttotakethem.(裤子很便宜,我想买)
6、alotof后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。
Alotofstudentsareplayingbaseballnow.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)Alotoftimewaswastedonthatwork.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)
7、and连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。
Theteacherandhissonarepickingapplesnow.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)/Fishandchipsisveryfamousfood.(鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)
8、therebe句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。
Thereisatableandfourchairsintheroom.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)
9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。
BothyouandIarerequiredtobeheretomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)
10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。
Awomanwitha7-year-oldchildwasstandingatthesideoftheroad.(一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)
11、either…or…或者neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。
Eitheryouorheisright.(要么是你对,要么是他对。
/你和他有一个人是对的)/NeitheryounorIamgoingthere.(你和我都不打算去那里)
12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。
Twomonthsisnotashorttime.(两个月不是个短时间)Twothousandkilometersisquitealongdistance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)
13、主语中含有halfof…/(threequarters)of…/all(of)the….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如:
OverthreequartersoftheinformationontheInternetisinEnglish.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的)/Athirdofthestudentswereplayingnearthelake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍)/Allofthewaterintheserivershasbeenpolluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)
但是,population一词又有特殊情况:
What’sthepopulationofChina(中国人口是多少)(句子用单数)/ThreequartersofthepopulationinthiscityareArabs(阿拉伯人).(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)
一、单项选择
1.PeopleinAmericaeatmuch.
A.
coffee
B.
onions
C.
beef
D.
icedwater
2.---Howmanythereinthebox
---Thereisonlyone.
sandwichis
sandwichesare
sandwichare
sandwichsare
3.Givemeonionandatomato,andIneedthemtomakemysandwich.
a
the
an
/
4.---Whatdidyouhaveforbreakfast
---Ihad.
threebread
threepiecesofbread
threepiecesbread
threepiecesofbreads
5.cheesedoyouneed
Howmany
Howmuch
How
Howlong
二、按要求转换句型
6.Thewatermelonis15yuan.(就划线部分提问)
isthewatermelon
7.Therearesixtyminutesinanhour.(就划线部分提问)
arethereinanhour
8.MissGaoneeds3spoonsofhoney.(就划线部分提问)
honeyMissGaoneed
一、单选
1.Let’s_______bananaandapplemilkshake.
A.makeB.makesC.doD.doing
2.Ineedtwo_______.
A.teaspoonofhoneyB.teaspoonsofhoneys
C.teaspoonsofhoneyD.teaspoonofhoneys
3._______peoplearethereinyourtown—Onehundredthousand.
A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowoldD.Howoften
4.Firstputsomesaltonthewaterandthen______.
A.MixthemupB.MixupthemC.MixitupD.Mixupit
5.Hereisarecipe_______SuperchickenSandwich.
A.atB.inC.forD.on
二、适当形式填空
1.How_______(many/much)yogurtdoweneed
2.Nextyouneed_______(cut)upthreebananas.
3._______(make)dinnerisaveryinterestingthingforme.
4._______(add)thesalttothenoodles,please.
5.Hecandrinkthreecupsof_______(juice).
6.Howmany_______(watermelon)doyouwant
7.Iwouldlikeabigbowlof______(noodles).
8.There_______(be)twoslicesofbread.
9.Idon’tlike_______(some)sugarinthetea.
10.IlikedessertsoIdon’tliketodrinkcoffee_______(with)sugar.
一、单项选择(共15小题;
共分)
1.---Whatdoyouneedtomakethetomatonoodles
---onionandtomato,please.
A;
An;
2.Tomisingoodhealth,becauseheoftenexercisesandeatsalotofhealthy.
food
water
pear
carrot
3.---doyoumakefruitsalad
---First,cutuptheapples,bananasandpears.Andthen...
When
Where
Why
4.---Whatdidyoueatforbreakfastthismorning
---Twoandsomevegetables.
chicken
pieceofchicken
piecesofchicken
piecesofchickens
5.---waterdoweneedtomakethesoup
---Threecups.
Howsoon
6.It'
sdark(暗的)intheroom.Pleasethelight.
turnon
turnup
turndown
turnoff
7."
exerciseeveryday,myson.It'
sgoodforyourhealth."
Dadoftensaidtohim.
Takes
Taking
Take
Totake
8.Wemustcutthetomatoesandputthemtheblender.
off;
in
up;
into
down;
over;
9.---CanIhelpyou,sir
---Yeah,butIdon'
tknowabananamilkshake.Maybeyoucanteachme.
whattodo
whentomake
howtomake
whytodo
10.---Tom,supperisready.
---Idon'
twanttoeat,Mum.I'
mnotfeelingwell.
everything
nothing
something
anything
11.---Howdidyoucelebrateyourfather'
sbirthdayyesterday
---Wecelebrateditabigdinnerinarestaurant.
have
tohave
byhaving
tohaving
12.Youmayfilltheturkeythesebreadpieces.
by
with
to
13.---Therelittleyogurtinthefridge(冰箱).Couldyoubuysomeforme,Dick
---Allright,Mom.
is
are
am
14.Heretwocupsmilkforyou.Helpyourselfplease.
is;
of
are;
15.---Let'
smaketomatoandbeefnoodles.
---.
Soundsgood
You'
rewelcome
That'
sright
Don'
tworry
二、完形填空(共10小题;
Pizzaisakindofpopularfood.It16fromItaly.ThepizzacapitaloftheworldisNaples.Theworld'
sfirstpizza17isstillthere.It18in1830.Thebestpizzaoftodayhasa(n)19history.Itwasfirstmadebyaperson20RaffaeleEspositointhe1880s.Thispizzahasthesame21astheItalianflag.TheItalianflagisred,whiteand22.Thepizzahasredtomatoes,whitecheeseandgreenherbs.
Therearemanydifferentkindsofpizzatoday.Wecan23chickenpizza,vegetablepizza,etc.intherestaurant.Somepizzahastomatoes,andsomepizza24tomatoes.Mostpizzaisround,25someisn'
t.Youcanchooseanykindyouwant.
16.
come
comes
17.
theater
club
train
restaurant
18.
opens
turnson
opened
turnedon
19.
long
short
excited
boring
20.
name
names
named
naming
21.
colors
shape
time
recipe
22.
black
blue
yellow
green
23.
order
make
do
sell
24.
has
doesn'
thave
isn'
t
25.
or
so
but
because
三、阅读与表达(判断式)(共5小题;
Ericaisatwelve-year-oldgirl.Shecanmakedeliciousnoodles.Hereisherrecipefornoodles.Tryitandtasteforyourself!
SoupIngredients:
●onecupoforangejuice
●onecupoflemonjuice
●oneteaspoonofhoney
OtherIngredients:
●noodles
●salt
●3slicesofchicken
●somestrawberries(cutup)
●somegreenonions(cutup)
●somelettuce
●2slicesofcheese
Steps:
First,mixtheorangejuice,lemonjuiceand