广东省揭阳市第一中学届高三上学期第二次阶段考试英语试题有答案.docx

广东省揭阳市第一中学届高三上学期第二次阶段考试英语试题有答案.docx

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广东省揭阳市第一中学届高三上学期第二次阶段考试英语试题有答案

广东省揭阳市第一中学2018届高三上学期第二次阶段考试英语试题

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Melbourne,Australia

Melbourneisahotspottraveldestination,andit’seasytoseeitsbeautifulbeachesandbusycitylife.

Whyit’sagreatchoice:

Australiaasawholeisconsideredasafedestinationforinternationaltravel,andbecauseofthat,manysolotravelersgothere.AsanEnglish-speakingcountry,youwon’tbefacedwithanylanguagebarriers.Melbourneiseasytogetaroundbecauseyoucanwalkorbikepracticallyanywhere!

Thailand

Thailandisgreatforsolotravelers—perhapsbecauseitisoneoftheBuddhistmindsets,whichpromoteequalityamongthesexes.

Whyit’sagreatchoice:

Thailandisknownforitsfriendlyatmosphere,andasatravelhotspot,thereareplentyofchancestomeetotherlike-mindedtravelers.Wellknownforbeingverycheap,especiallyinthenorth.Agoodchoiceifyouwanttogetawayonabudget.Thailandhasalottooffer,fromtheparty-centralBangkoktobeautifulbeachesandtropical（热带的）jungle.

HongKong,China

HongKongisagreatplacetorelaxforsolotravelersasitisfullof“ZenMoments”,suchasbeautifulgardensandTaiChiclasses.

Whyit’sagreatchoice:

HongKongisregardedasoneofthesafestcitiesintheworld.Ifyou’renotwelltraveled,orperhapsabittiredofthingslikelanguagebarriers,HongKongisagreatplacetostart,asitmixesbothEasternandWesternatthesametime.

Bali,Indonesia

Baliisaspiritualplacewithyoga,spas,healthyfoodandbeaches.ThecombinationoffriendlypeopleandsplendidvisualculturehasmadeBalinumberonetouristattraction.

Whyit’ssogreat:

youwon’tbetheonlysolotravelerinBali.Everyoneisknownforbeingextremelyfriendlyandyou’resuretomeetsomeamazingcharactersalongtheway.AsaHinduisland,Baliistheperfectplaceforarelaxingandspiritualretreat（静修）.TheSacredMonkeyForestingUbudisfantastic一ifyoulikemonkeys,anyway.

21.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommonaccordingtothetext?

A.They’recheaptotravelaround.B.They’regreatforsolotravelers.

C.Theyoffergoodspasandyoga.D.There’renolanguagebarriers.

22.Wherecanyouenjoybothconvenienttransportandbeautifulbeaches?

A.Melbourne,Australia.B.Thailand.

C.HongKong,China.D.Bali,Indonesia.

23.WhathasmadeBaliNo.1touristattraction?

A.Yoga,spas,healthyfoodandbeaches.

B.Friendlypeopleandsplendidvisualculture.

C.Meetingsomeamazingcharactersalongtheway.

D.FantasticmonkeysintheSacredMonkeyForest.

24.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?

A.Atraveljournal.B.Abusinessreport.

C.Atravelguide.D.Apressadvertisement.

B

Ilogontoacomputeratthedoctor’sofficetosayIhavearrivedandthenwaituntilavoicecallsmeintotheexaminationroom.

There,aroboticnursedirectsmeontoadeviceandthentakesmybloodpressure.Sometimelater,instepsthedoctor,whoisalsoarobot.Henotesdownmysymptomsandgivesmeaprescription（处方）.Ipayformyvisitusingacreditcardmachineandreturnhomewithouthavingmetanotherhumanbeing.

WhenIcallmydentist’sofficeandactuallygetahumanbeingontheline,Iamthrilled.AndwhenIseetheintroductionofyetmoreself-servicecheckoutstationsatthegrocerystore,Ifeellikeshouting,“Whenitcomestocashiers,makeminehuman,please!

”

Afterall,humancashierssometimesgiveyouastorecoupon（优惠券）foritemsyouarebuying.Evenmorethanthat,real-lifecashiersoftentakeaninterestinparticularlycutechildren,whichcanbrightenayoungmother’sday.Acashiermayalsoshowcompassion（同情）foranelderlypersonstrugglingtogetthatlastpennyoutofherpurse.

Whattechnologicaldevicewoulddoanyofthis?

Idon’twanttogobacktotheStoneAge,butI’malsoworriedaboutaworldrunbymachines.Sometimeswhenyou’rechattingwithsomeone,youdiscoverthingsyouneedtoknow.Maybeareceptionistneedsprayerssaidforasickchild.Maybeasalespersoncanofferabitofencouragementtoacustomerwhoisfeelingtired.

Machinescanbeefficientandcost-effectiveandtheyoftengetthejobdonejustfine.Buttheylackanelementsoimportanttoeverydaylife.

Callitthespirit,thesoulortheheart.Itissomethingnomachinewilleverhave.Itisbeinghumanthatpromptsustosmileatothers,whichmaybewhattheyneedatthatmoment.

1.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Toindicatehightechnologycanmakeourfuturelifeveryeasy.

B.Todescribeapossiblefuturescenewhererobotstakecontrolofourlife.

C.Towarnreadersofthepossibledangersofroboticnursesanddoctors.

D.Topredicthowtechnologycanaffectthewayweseeadoctoringthefuture.

2.Whydoestheauthorpreferbeingservedbyhumansratherthanbyrobots?

A.Robotsareindifferentandemotionless.

B.Robotscan’tprovideefficientservices.

C.Robotsdon’toffertogivestorecoupons.

D.Robotsareunabletodoajobaswellashumans.

3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmachines?

A.Hewishesonedaytheywouldcometolife.

B.Heisabsolutelyagainsttheirexistenceinhislife.

C.Hedoesn’tliketheygetinvolvedinhislifetoomuch.

D.Heisafraidtheywouldtaketheplaceofhumanbeings.

C

Areyoucontentwiththeshapeofyournose?

Ifnot,theclimatemaybetoblame,notyourparents.

ThisisaccordingtoarecentstudycarriedoutbyscientistsfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,US.Theyfoundthatclimateplayedakeyroleinshapingournoses.Thefindingswerebasedonanexaminationofthesizeandshapeofnosesof476peoplefromfourregions---WestAfrica,EastAsia,SouthAsiaandNorthernEurope,using3-Dfacialimagingtechnology.

“Peoplehavethoughtforalongtimethedifferenceinnoseshapeamonghumansacrosstheworldmayhavearisenasaresultofnaturalselectionbecauseofclimate,”ArslanZaidi,oneoftheleadauthorsofthestudy,toldTheGuardian.Butwhilepreviousstudieswerebasedonmeasurementsfromhumanskulls,Zaidiandhisteamlookedatnoseshapeitself.

Theresultshowedthatwidernosesaremorecommoninwarmandhumidclimates,whilenarrowernosesaremorecommonincoldanddryclimates.That,Zaidisaid,couldbebecausenarrowernasalpassageshelptoincreasethemoisture（潮湿）contentofairandwarmit，whichiseasieronourlungs.This,inturn,ledtoagradualdecreaseinnosewidthinpopulationslivingfarawayfromtheequator.

Morestudyisstillneededtotestthelinkbetweenclimateandnoseshape,butZaidibelievesthecurrentfindingsarevaluableinunderstandingpotentialhealthissue.“Aswebecomemoreofaglobalcommunity,wearegoingtocomeacrossclimatesthatwearenotadaptto,”hetoldtheGuardian.Thismeansmovingtoaverydifferentclimatemightincreasetheriskofbreathingproblems.

However,headded,“Thismaynotbenecessarilytrueforvariousreasonssuchasofmodernmedicineandthefactthatourcurrentclimateisverydifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.”

28.FromthepassageweknowmostpeoplefromSingaporehave________noses.

A.widerB.narrowerC.smallerD.larger

29.Narrowernosesarehelpfulto________.

A.cooltheairB.warmtheairC.takeinmoreoxygenD.drytheair

30.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudy?

A.Zaidi’steammeasuredhumanskullusing3-Dtechnology.

B.Shapesofournosesaredeterminedbyourparents.

C.Noseshapehelpspeopleadapttotheenvironment.

D.It’scertainthatpeoplewillsufferfrommorebreathingproblems.

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Whatfactorsshapenoses?

B.Howtomakeyournoseattractive?

C.Noseshapescausebreathingproblems

D.Climateshapesnoses

D

RobotSurgeon（外科医生）SucceedswithoutHelpfromHumanDoctors

Humansmakemistakes.Evensurgeonswithyearsofexperiencearenotinfallible.Butwhatifthesedoctorscouldpooltheirknowledgeandexperiencetogetherandcreateasurgicalstandardofcare,tobecarriedoutbymachines?

That’stheideabehindsurgicalrobots,whichmaysoonperformmostsurgeries,fromsewinguptinywoundstoperformingheartprocedures.Manyoftheseoperationsare,infact,alreadycompletedwiththeassistanceofrobots.Butarecenttestsuggeststhatrobotsintheoperatingroommaysoongoastepfurther,performingonsofttissuecompletelyontheirown,fromstarttofinish.

TheSmartTissueAutonomousRobot（STAR）,successfullycompletedsurgeriesonpigs.“We'rethefirstgrouptodevelopautonomousroboticsurgerywithsoft﹣tissuesurgery,andwhencomparedtostandardoperation,it'sbetter,"saysPeterKim,professorofsurgery.”Theideaisnottoreplacesurgeons;itwillmakethesurgeonsbetterandmaketheproceduressafer.”

ArecentMayoClinicstudyfoundthatmajorsurgicalerrors﹣includingoperatingonthewrongsiteorsideofthebody,orevenleavingtoolsorobjectsinsidethepatient﹣occureveryoneoutof22,000procedures.That'srare,butrobotslikeSTARwouldaimtolowerthenumberevenfurther.

InthedaVincisurgicalsystem,surgeonsplacetheirarmsinsideinstrumentsandusetheirhandstocontrolthemovementofrobotictoolsontheoperatingtablefromafar.Therobot'severymajormoveiscontrolledbysurgeons,andthusitsresultsmayvarybasedonthesurgeon'strainingorexperience.

STAR,ontheotherhand,isentirelyautonomous.It'snotonlyabletoworkonitsownandperformsurgerieswithamoreflexible“hand”,butit'sabletoreacttotheunexpectedincidents.Cuttingintohardtissuelikebonesisonething,butoperatingonmovingsofttissueisfarmorecomplex.ST