名词性从句连接词的选用.doc
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名词性从句的重点、难点、考点:
Whowhosewhom
连接代词
Whatwhich
whenwhere,
连接词 连接副词
Whyhow
★that无词义,不担任成分,有时可省略
连接词 whether\if是否
(不担任成分)
asif
★注意:
连词的选用:
依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。
如果句子中缺主语,指人用,指物用;
如缺宾语,指人用,指物用;
如缺时间状语用;地点用;原因用;方式用;
定语用what或which;
什么都不缺用。
whether和if
(一)that和what的选用:
What起连接作用外,还在名词性从句中充当成分。
That只起连接作用,不充当任何成分。
1.______hewantsisabook.
2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.
3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.
4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.
5.Is_____hetoldustrue?
6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.
7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.
8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.
(二)if和whether的选用
不能使用if的情况:
a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.介词后的宾语从句
e.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.
f.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.
2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.
3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.
4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.
5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.
6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.
7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.
8.Idon’tknow_______togo.
(三)其它连接代词和副词的连用
何时举行运动会还没有决定。
________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.
我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。
Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.
我不知道他长的什么样子。
Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.
这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。
Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.
(四)引导词that的省略
that可省略的情况:
单个宾语从句中的that可省略
that不可省略的情况:
a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的,引导词that不能省略
1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.
2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.
3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.
4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.
5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.
6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand__________hehadtomakealivingalone.
五、同位语从句的引导和辨别
1.同位语从句的格式:
n.+连接词+从句
2.能接同位语从句的名词有:
fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice等.
3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句.
1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.
2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.
3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.
4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.
5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.
(六)同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语,它不涉及先行词的具体内容。
定语从句中that起连接作用,在定语从句中充当一个句子成分,充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。
2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明,表明中心词的具体内容。
引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.
2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.
1.Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.
2.Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.
(七)在表示“命令、建议、坚持、要求”的名词性从句中,要用“should+动词原形”形式,should可以省略。
e.g.Imadeasuggestionthathe(should)gothereatonce.
Isuggestedthathe(should)gothereatonce.
Thesuggestionwasthathe(should)gothereatonce.
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发\
Heinsistedthathe_____themoneyand____he____setfree.
A.didn’tsteal,/wasB.steal,that,shoudbeC.didn’tsteal,that,shouldbeD.steal,/was
(八)宾语从句的时态呼应
1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.
a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves_________________________.
b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Pleasetellme_________________________.
(九)名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。
e.g.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
(十)疑问词+ever与nomatter+疑问词的区别:
疑问词+ever可以引导________________或_________.
Whoeverbreakesthelawmustbepunished.
或:
Whoeverbreakesthelaw,hemustbepunished.
nomatter+疑问词只能引导_________________________.
Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,hemustbepunished.
(十一)有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。
Ihateitwhen…;Idislikeitwhen…;I’dappreciateitif…Iwillseetoitthat…
Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.
Ihate___whentheweatherbecomescoldbecausethereinnoheaterinside.
A.thisB.thatC.itD.so
Practice:
1.Itnowappears______theyareinneedofhelp.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how
2.Itisgoodnews______theywillarriveinafewdays.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how
3.Thisis______shewasborn.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
4.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when
5.Thequestionis______itisworthdoing.
A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.what
6.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.
A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what
7.Mysuggestionis______weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where
8.Hisproposalisthatthedam______atthefootofthemountain.
A.buildB.willbuild C.bebuiltD.willbebuilt
9.Weallknowthetruth_____theearthgoesroundthesun.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether
10.Weheardthenews______ourteamhadwon.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where
11.Theproblem______itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.
A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if
12.Youmustdowell______theteacherasksyoutodo.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
句子改错
1.Youcangivethistickettowhomeverwantstohaveit.
2.Idon’tknowiftostayhereornot.
3.Thisschoolisnolongerthatitwas30yearsago.
4.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisishowIdisagree.
5.Thefactheisanorphaniswellknown.
6.Whatsurprisememostisthatshedoesn’tevenknowwhatthedifferencebetweenthetwolies.
7.ItishappenedthatIwastherethatevening.
8.ThereasonwhyIburstintotearsisbecauseIdon’twanttopartwithmymother.
9.Itishardofhimtoworkouttheproblem.
10.Mybrothersaysthathehaslivedherefortwentyyearsandhelovesthiscityverymuch.
中译英。
1.我想知道50年后我们的生活会是什么样子的。
______________________________________________
2.我们赢得了辩论赛,话题是关于是否应该允许克隆人类。
______________________________________________
3.你相信那个贼去年在北京市偷了好多自行车吗?
___________________________________________
4.我不相信你们班长明天会来。
___________________________________________
5.我们队赢得了比赛,这一消息让我们很兴奋。
__________________________________________________
答案:
:
what,that,that,what,what,what,that,what
二:
if/whether,whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether
三:
when,who,what,where
四:
(that),that,that,that,that(that)that
五:
where,how,that,that,whether
六:
定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句
Practice:
ACAAB,CBCAB,CB
句子改错
1.whomever-whoever 2.if-whether 3.that-what 4.how-where 5.fact后面加that
6.what-where 7.去掉is 8.because-that9.of-for 10.loves前面加that
中译英
1.Iwanttoknowwhatourlifewillbe50yearslater.
2.Wewintheargumentwhosetopicisaboutwhetheritshouldbeallowedtoclonehumanbeing.
3.DoyoubelievethatthethiefstolealotofbikesinBeijinglastyear?
4.Idonotbelievethatyourmonitorwillcometomorrow.
5.Thenewsthatourteamhadwonthegameexcitedus.
·名词性从句的重要解题步骤:
1.)认真读题,分清从句类别
2.)根据从句类别,判断适用连词
3.)特别注意连词在从句中的作用,即:
连词在从句中充当的成分
4.)特别注意哪些连词在哪些从句中不充当成分.
5.)特别注意哪些连词在哪些从句中的哪些情况下可以省略.*
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