语法填空之形容词和副词.doc

语法填空之形容词和副词.doc

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语法填空之形容词和副词

学习目标：

1.分清形容（adj）和副词（adv），包括它们的形式和各自的作用

2.能在语境中正确选择用形容词还是副词，并写对形式

3.注意形容词和副词的一些特殊情况

4.要分清不同的“级”，并能在语境中正确使用不同的“级”（原级、比较级、最高级）

学习方法：

1.自主学习（理解并熟记形容词和副词各自的作用和正确形式）

2.通过练习加深对自主学习内容的理解和记忆，并不断思考总结以验证自主学习内容的规律，以便达到更好的灵活使用形容词和副词的目的

学习过程：

Step1自主学习（理解熟记，不懂的立即问）

1）形容词的作用：

修饰名词作定语,如：

abeautifulgirl；系动词后作表语，如：

Whatyousaidjustnowisexciting.作动词的宾补,如：

Greenvegetableskeepyouhealthy.

2）副词的作用：

修饰形容词、动词、副词、介词短语及句子，作状语，如：

extremelyterrible（adj）,work（v）hard,getupverylate（adv）,deepintothenight（介词短语）,

Fortunately,hepassedtheexam.

3）动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀：

后缀

例词

-able

accept—acceptablesuit--suitable

comfort—comfortablereason--reasonable

-ible

access—accessiblehorror—horribleterror--terrible

-ful

-less

forget—forgetfulharm—harmfulhopeless

hope—hopefulpeace—peacefulhelpless

-ed

excite—excitedfrighten--frightened

-ing

excite—excitingfrighten--frightening

-al

music—musicalorigin—original

person—personalcenter—centralnature--natural

-ive

act—activeeffect—effectiveimpress--impressive

-ous

anxiety—anxiouscuriosity—curioushumor--humorous

-t

confidence—confidentpatience--patient

-y

taste—tastyhealth—healthysun--sunny

-ish

fool—foolishchild—childishself--selfish

-ern

south—southerneast--eastern

4）形容词变副词的后缀：

在形容词后加ly可变成相应意义的副词

直接加ly

slow--slowly

改y为i后加ly

happy--happily

去e加ly

true—truly

注意：

一些以ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：

friendly,lively,lovely,likely,deadly,silly,orderly,timely等，需特殊记忆。

5）特殊情况：

1.ill,content,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,alone,worth等形容词只放在系动词后作表语。

如：

I’malonenow.

2.有些词有固定的副词修饰，如：

allalone,sound/fastasleep,wideawake,wellworth,like/enjoymuch,well/clearlyremember等，也需特殊记忆。

3.有些副词有两种形式，如：

close（adjandadv）/closely，free/freely,high/highly,deep/deeply等，请看例句区别：

Theyaredeeplymoved.（抽象）

Theydiveddeepinthesea.（具体）

特别注意这两个词：

hard（adv）：

辛苦地，努力地；

hardly（adv）几乎不

6）形容词及副词的“级”

1.熟悉特殊形式的比较级和最高级，如：

good/well,better,best

2.熟悉常见的比较结构，如：

as…as；比较级+than；the+比较级，the+比较级；the+比较级+ofthe+名词等

3.注意特殊的词，如：

senior（to）,junior（to）,superior（to）等本身含有比较意义，无比较级、最高级形式。

Step2Exercises（Practicemakesperfect!

）

Ⅰ用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Theriverwassopollutedthatit_________（actual）caughtfireandburned.

2.Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,naturallyand_______（soft）.

3.Justbe______________（patience）.

4.Althoughparentsshouldtake_________（well）careoftheiryoungchildren,theydon’t______________（necessary）doanythingforthem.

5.---DoyoulikeMary’snewhairstyle?

---Perfect!

Howmuch________（good）shelookswiththecurlyshorthair!

6.---Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam?

---Notatall.Ican’thavea________（bad）one.

7.---Lilydidsucceedatlast!

---Yeah,indeed,butshewas_______________（luck）thansuccessful,Ithink.

8.Thatwouldbeavery_________（reason）thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikethis.

9.Maryfelt__________（please）,becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.

10.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticand__________（friend）andtheclassroomsare_____________（amaze）.

Ⅱ单句改错（只有一处错误）

1.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.

2.Wedon’tneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimeforafter-schoolactivities.

3.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.

4.Thatistoomuchforus,consideringhowcloselythehousesare.

5.I’malwayscautionaboutwhatIsaybecausesomecarelessremarksarelikelytohurtother’sfeelings.

6.Doingphysicalexerciseisaneffectwaytogetridofanger.

7.Butsuchasmallthingcouldn’tpossibledestroyavillage.

8.Interesting,ithasaconnectionwiththeBritishporcelain（瓷器）industry.

9.Insomeplacesyoumayborrowasmorebooksasyouneed,butinothersyouarelimitedtoacertainnumberofbooks.

Ⅲ语法填空两篇

Sometimeago,afriendofmine,whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidn’tknowvery_______（good）,invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook_________（greatly）troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate,Iparkedmycar__________（quick）.

Atnoon,justIwasleavingmyfriend’soffice,it_______（sudden）struckmethatIhadnoideawhereIhadparkedmycar.IcouldhardlygouptoapolicemanandtellhimthatIhadlostasmallgreencarsomewhere!

Walkingdownstreet_______street,Iexaminedeachcar_____（close）andwasveryhappytoseeasmallgreencarjustbehindanoldcar.ButHow____________（disappoint）Iwastodiscoverthatthoughthecarwas____________（exact）likemyown,itbelongedtosomeoneelse!

Feelingquite_________（tire）now,Iwentoffforlunch.Sometime__________（late）,Ilefttherestaurantandwalkeddownthestreet.Turningthecorner,Inearlyjumpedforjoy:

mycarwasrightinfrontofme,andtherewasnoproblemthistime.

MydeskmateadmiresmyfluentEnglishverymuchandIusuallyfeel_________________（encourage）byhiscompliments.

Oneday,whenwelearnedthenewword“eccentric”inclass,we___________（ask）tomakeasentencewithit.Ivolunteeredtodoitby______（say）“Mydeskmateisaneccentricboy______clothesneverfithim.”Hearingthis,thewholeclassburstinto_________（laugh）andmydeskmate’sfaceturnedred._______class,Ilearnedfromtheteacherthatmydeskmate_____________（drop）outofschoolifhehadn’tbeenhelpedbyothers.Mymindlesswordsmust___________（hurt）himdeeply.

NotuntilthendidIrealizewordscouldbepowerful_____bothpositiveandnegativeways.Weshouldavoid_________（hurt）othersifwecan’talwaysbeencouragingwhenwespeak.

练习部分答案

Ⅰ1.actually2.softly3.patient4.good,necessarily

5.better6.worse7.morelucky8.reasonable

9.pleased10.friendly,amazing

Ⅱ1.taste---tasty2.many----much

3.helpfully---helpful4.closely---close

5.caution---cautious6.effect---effective

7.possible---possibly8.Interesting---Interestingly

9.more---many

Ⅲ1.well,great,quickly,suddenly,after,closely,disappointed,

exactly,tired,later

2.encouraged,wereasked,saying,whose,laughter,After,

wouldhavedropped,havehurt,in,hurting

5