陶洁版美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案Word文档格式.docx
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structureissimpie,theimageryishomely（朴素的）.
Unit2EdgarAllenPoe
1.Whoisthenarrator?
Whatwrongdoeshewanttoredress?
Montresor.
Fortunato,oneofwineexpertsinsultedhim,sohewantedtomurderhim.
2.WhatisthepretextheusestolureFortunatotohiswinecellar?
HebaitsFortunatobytellinghimhehasobtainedwhathebelievestobeacaskofAmontilladoarareandvaluablesherrywine.
Fortunatoisanxioustodeterminewhetherornotitistruly
Amontillado,sohegoestothevaultwithMontresor.
3.WhathappenstoFortunatointheend?
Hewaswalledupalivebehindbricksinawinecellar.
4.DescribebrieflyhowPoecharacterizesMontresorand
Fortunatoascontrasts?
Poeusescolorimagerytocharacterizethem.Montresorfaceiscoveredinablacksilkmask,Incontrast,Fortunatodressesthemotley-coloredcostumeofthecourtfool,whogetsliterallyandtragicallyfooledbyMontresor'
smaskedmotives.
ThecolorschemeshererepresenttheironyofFortunato'
sdeathsentence.
Throughtheacts,words,andthoughtsofFortunato,weknow
Heisgreedy,hewasluredintothedarkandsombervaultsjust
酗酒）.Helost
becauseacaskofAmontillado.
Thisisalsoduetohisbadhabitofbibulosity（himselfonhearingthewine.
Atthesametime,hewascheatedbyhisenemy,whichreflectedhisignorance.
WhenheheardthepretendedcomplimentfromMontresor,hebecameveryboastfulandarrogant.
Hewaseasilyconfusedbythesuperficialphenomenaandfailed
towatchoutforothers.Hecouldn
'
ttoleratethatotherswere
strongerthanhim.
Forexample,MontresoralwaysstimulatedhimwithLuchresi
whowasgoodatconnoisseur
（鉴赏）
inwine.
UndertheimpuIseofvanity,
hefell
intoMontresor'
terrible
trap.
dangerwasapproachinghim.
HelookeddownuponMontresorandothers.
Hedidn'
trealizehisfoolishnessuntilthedeathwascoming.
Talkingfromtheappearanee,Monstresorwasawell-educatedand“kind”businessman.
Heenjoyedthehonorandrespectinthecity.Butinfact,hewasanevilandawfulperson.
Hisinnerfeelingsweresocruelthattheyevenmadepeopletremble.
Underhisrichappearaneewasthedirtysoulanddespicablecharacter.
Wecouldn'
tseeanygloriousvirtuesinhismind.Instead,hisheartwascoldanddark.
ItwastherevengethatthrewMontresorintothedeepevilvalley.
unit4NathanielHawthorne
I.WhyistheprisonthesettingofChapter1?
Nomatterhowoptimisticthefoundersofnewcoloniesmaybe,theyarequicktoestablishaprisonandacemeteryintheir
“Utopia,”fortheyknowthatmisbehavior,evil,anddeathareunavoidable.
ThisbelieffitsintothelargerPuritandoctrine,whichputsheavy
emphasisontheideaoforiginalsin—thenotionthatallpeoplearebornsinnersbecauseoftheinitialtransgressionsofAdamandEveintheGardenofEden.heisthereforeusingtheprisonbuildingtorepresentthecrimeandthepunishmentwhichareaspectofcivilizedlife
Whatistheimplicationofthedescriptionoftheroses?
Therosebushsymbolizestheabilityofnaturetoendureandoutlastman'
sactivities.
ThenarratorsuggeststhatrosesofferareminderofNature'
s
kindnesstothecondemned;
forhistale,hesays,itwillprovideunrelentingsorrowandgloom.
2.DescribetheappearaneeofHesterPrynneandtheattitudeofthepeopletowardsher.
Thesecondparagraphonpage30.
Thecrowdinfrontofthejailisamixtureofmenandwomen,allmaintainingseverelooksofdisapproval.
SeveralofthewomenbegintodiscussHesterPrynne,andtheysoonvowthatHesterwouldnothavereceivedsuchalightsentenceforhercrimeiftheyhadbeenthejudges.
Onewoman,theugliestofthegroup,goessofarastoadvocatedeathforHester.
3.WhathashappenedtoHester?
Asayoungwoman,Hestermarriedanelderlyscholar,
Chillingworth,whosentheraheadtoAmericatolive.
Whilewaitingforhim,shehadanaffairwithaPuritanministernamedDimmesdale,afterwhichshegavebirthtoPearl.
Thescarletletterisherpunishmentforhersinandhersecrecy.
WhydoesshemaketheembroideryoftheletterAsoelaborate?
Itseemstodeclarethatsheisproud,ratherthanashamed,ofhersin.
its
“realities,
Inreality,however,Hestersimplyacceptsthe“sina”dsymbolaspartofherself,justassheacceptsherchild.
Andalthoughshecanhardlybelieveherpresenttakesthemastheyareratherthanresistingthemortryingto
atoneforthem.
Howdoesthistellusabouthercharacter?
ThroughoutTheScarletLetterHesterisportrayedasanintelligent,capable.Itistheextraordinarycircumstancesshapingherthatmakehersuchanimportantfigure.
Unit5HermanMelville
1.WhatarethestoriesIsmaeltellsaboutMobyDick?
IshmaelcomparesthelegendofMobyDicktohisexperieneeofthewhale.
Henotesthatspermwhaleattackshaveincreasedrecentlyandthatsuperstitioussailorshavecometoregardtheseattacksashavinganintelligent,evensupernaturalorigin.
Inparticular,wildrumorsaboutMobyDickcirculateamongwhalemen,suggestingthathecanbeinmorethanoneplaceatthesametimeandthatheisimmortal.Ishmaelremarksthat
eventhewildestofrumorsusuallycontainssometruth.
harpoonsofaGreeniandshipinit.
MobyDick,whohasdefiedcapturenumeroustimes,exhibits
an“intelligentmalignity（狠毒）怡hisattacksonmen
2.WhydoesAhabreactsoviolentlyagainstthewhitewhale?
First,helostoneofhislegsbecauseofthewhitewhale.
Second,HeconsidersMobyDicktheembodimentofevilintheworld,andhepursuestheWhiteWhale,becausehebelievesithisinescapablefatetodestroythisevil.
IshmaelsuggeststhatAhabis“crazy”coldhim“araving
lunatic.”Doyouagreewithhim?
Whyorwhynot?
IshmaeldescribesAhabasmadinhisnarration,anditdoesindeedseemmadtotrytofighttheforcesofnatureorGod.
3.Whatnarrativefeaturescanyoufindintheselectedchapter?
Intheselectedcharpter,MelvilleempioyedthetechniqueofmultipleviewofhisnarrativetoportrayMobyDicktoachievetheeffectofambiguityandletreadersjudgethemeaning.
Unit6HenryDavidThoreau
1.WhereindeeddidThoreaulive,bothataphysicallevelandat
aspirituallevel?
HelivedinacabinonWaldenPond,whichbelongedto
Emersonsproperty.
2.HadThoreaueverboughtafarm?
Whydidheenjoytheact
ofbuying?
Heavoidedpurchasingafarmbecauseitwouldinevitablytiehimdownfinanciallyandcomplicatehislife.
Thoreaudidn‘seetheacquisitionofwealthasthegoalforhumanexistenee,hesawthegoaloflifetobeanexpIorationofthemindandofthemagnificentworldaroundus.
Heregardedtheplacesasanexisteneefreeofobligationsandfullofleisure.
3.1sitsignificantthatThoreaumentionedtheFourthofJulyasthedayonwhichhebegantostayinthewoods?
Why?
Yes,itis.
BecauseTheFourthofJulyisknownasIndependenceDay,thebirthdayottheUnitedStates.
HereThoreauusesthedaytoexpresshisbeginningofregenerationatWalden.
Italsomeansasymbolofhisconquestofbeing.
4.HowcouldyouanswerthequestionThoreauaskedattheendofthisselection?
Unit719thCenturyAmericanPoets
1.HenryWadsworthLongfellow
（1）IShotanArrow
1.Whydidthespeakerlosesightofhisarrowandsong?
Thearrowfliestooswiftlyandtoofarawaytobeseenbythespeaker;
whereasthesongisnaturallyinvisible.
2.Inwhatcircumstancesdidhefindthemagain?
Hefindsthemunexpectedlyyearslaterfromthetrunkofatreeandtheheartofafriend.
3.Whatdoarrowandsongstandforinthispoem?
Theimagesofarrowandsongheremaystandforfriendship.
⑵APsalmofLife
1.Whatkindofpersonisthespeakerofthispoem?
Thespeakerisamanofaction,alwaysoptimisticandcheerful,tryingtoachieveasmuchaspossibleintheshortspanoflife.
2.Accordingtothepoem,howshouldourlivesbeledtoovercomethefactthateachdaybringsusnearertodeath?
Weshouldworkharderandlivehappier.
3.Interpretthemetaphorof"
Footprintsonthesandoftime"
（line28）.
Themetaphorreferstohumandeedsinreallife.
2.WaltWhitman
（1）One'
sSelfISing
1.Whatisthesignificaneeofsingingaboutone'
sself?
Itisanexaltationoftheindividualspirit,whichistypicalof
and
Americanpeople.
2.Whatisthediffereneebetweenphysiologyphysiognomy?
Physiologyisascieneetha
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