初中时态归纳Word文档下载推荐.doc
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1).表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2)表示过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
三、各种时态的特殊用法
1).客观事实或真理。
此用法出现在宾语从句中,主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等
3).在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来。
4)here和there开头的倒装句用一般现在时表示进行
例:
Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell!
5)按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作用一般现在时表示将来。
如火车或飞机
2、一般过去时
表示在过去,经常或反复发生的动作。
3、一般将来时
1)、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。
例:
I’llcomeandseeyoueverySaturdaynextyear.明年我将每个星期六来看你。
2)shall用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中。
3)begoingtodosthA、表示主观上的计划、打算。
B、有某种迹象表明的(乌云—下雨)
4)willdosthA、表示客观上将要发生的动作(太阳升起)
B、表示“意愿”
C、时间或条件状语从句中(主将从现,主将用will)
D、表示“请求”willyou(please)dosth?
5)现在进行时表示将来
A、趋向性动词:
comegoleavefly------
B、最近按照计划或安排将要进行的动作
6)be+todosth表示将来Mydreamistobeascientist
7)按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作用一般现在时表示将来。
8)在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来
4、现在进行时
1).表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但说话时不一定正在进行。
例:
Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel. (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。
)
2)现在进行时表示将来
A、趋向性动词:
comegoleavefly,start,arrive、------
3)表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,常与always连用,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
例如:
Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。
5、过去进行时
1).用于when,while引导的时间状语从句中。
Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.
Whilehewaswaitingatthebusstop,thetrafficaccidenthappened.(While后的分句必须用进行时)
WhileIwasreading,mysisterwassleeping.(表示对比,都用进行时)
2)过去进行时往往是表示背景。
6、现在完成时
1).表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事。
WehavebeentotheSummerPalacetwice.
2)常见延续性动词和非延续性动词之间的转换
leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,open---open,close---closed,fallill---beill,getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,wakeup---beawak,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout,puton→wear;
catchacold→haveacold等。
3)第二种用法:
表示过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
在这种用法中谓语动词必须是延续性动词或者非延续性动词的否定形式。
4)Itis+时间段+since从句(从句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词的过去式)
四、时间状语
1)常与表示频度的副词连用。
常用的频度副词有:
always、often、usually、seldom、never。
频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。
2)every----
yesterday,thedaybeforeyestereay,last----,------ago,theotherday,in1982等。
inthepast,justnow.
tomorrow,tomorrowmorning,thedayaftertomorrow,nextweek(year,term…),in(twodays…),soon,
常和now,thesedays,Look!
Listen!
canyousee?
can’tyousee或其他铺垫句连用。
then,atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,attenyesterday,或者描述事情发生的背景
第一种用法常与already,yet,ever,never,just,before等词连用。
第二种用法常与for+一段时间;
since+过去时间点或从句;
in/duringthelast/past+时间段;
sofar,recently;
等连用。
五、相似时态区别
1、一般过去时和过去进行时2、一般过去时和现在完成时
初中英语语法练习动词时态专项训练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.He______swimmingintherivereverydayinsummer.(go)
2.It________youareright.(seem)
3.Look,thechildren______basketballontheplayground.(play)
4.He______totheradiowhenIcamein,(listen)
5.Itisverycold.Ithinkit______.(rain)
6.—Ineedsomepaper.—I______someforyou.(bring)
7.Ican’tfindmypen.Who______it?
(take)
8.Hesaidthathe______backinfiveminutes.(come)
9.Ididn’tmeethim.He______whenIgotthere.(leave)
10.I______mybike,soIhavetowalktoschool.(lose)
11.He______downandbegantoreadhisnewspaper.(sit)
12.Heisveryhungry.He_________anythingforthreedays.(noteat)
13.I______withyouifIhavetime.(go)
14.Wewillgotothecinemaifit______fine.(be)
15.Iwilltellherthenewswhenshe______toseemenextweek.(come)
16.“When______you______thecar?
”“In1998.”(buy)
17.We______goodfriendssincewemetatschool.(be)
18.What______you______atfiveyesterdayafternoon?
(do)
19.Thebikeisnice.Howmuch______it______?
(cost)
二、选择最佳答案填空
()1.We’llgoswimmingiftheweather______finetomorrow.
A.isB.wasC.willbeD.isgoingtobe
()2.It______fiveyearssincehehasleftforBeijing.
A.wasB.hasbeenC.isD.isgoingtobe
()3.Pleasedon’tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend______back.
A.cameB.comesC.havecomeD.willcome
()4.Bytheendoflastyearhe______about1500Englishwords.
A.learnsB.learnedC.waslearningD.hadlearned
()5.Listen!
Someone______inthenextroom.
A.criedB.cryingC.iscryingD.hascried
()6.Youmusttellhimthenewsassoonasyou______him.
A.seeB.seesC.willseeD.isseeing
()7.Hetoldmethathe______toseeusthenextday.
A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.wouldcome
()8.Wecan’tfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe______home.
A.isgoingB.wentC.hascomeD.wouldcome
()9.Theteachertoldusthatthesun______biggerthantheearth.
A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe
()10.Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystation______?
A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe
()11.We______totheGreatWallseveraltimes.
A.goB.weregoingC.havegoneD.havebeen
()12.Itseemedthattheoldman______forsomethingoverthere.
A.looksB.lookedC.waslookingD.haslooked
()13.Hewassurethathe______hiswalletintheoffice.
A.leftB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hasleft
()14.Youmuststudyhardifyou______wanttofailtheexam.
A.won’tB.don’tC.haven’tD.hadn’t
()15.—I’mafraidyoucan’tsithere.—Sorry,I______know.
A.don’tB.won’tC.can’tD.didn’t
()16.Asshe______thenewspaper,Granny______asleep.
A.read,wasfallingB.fell
C.wasreading,wasfallingD.read,fell
()17.—Jimisnotcomingtonight.
—Buthe______!
A.promises(许诺)B.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised
()18.—What’shername?
—I______.
A.forgetB.forgotC.hadforgottenD.amforgetting
三、动词时态能力综合测试
()1.Heoften______hisclothesonSundays.
A.washingB.washesC.haswashedD.wash
()2.I’mChinese.Where______from?
A.doyoucomeB.youarecomingC.youcomeD.areyoucoming
()3.May______toschool.
A.neverwalksB.isneverwalking
C.walkneverD.neveriswalking
()4.Wewillstartassoonasourteacher______.
A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.iscoming
()5.Howlongago______playingfootball?
A.haveyoustoppedB.hadyoustopped
C.didyoustopD.doyoustop
()6.It______hardwhenIleftmyhouse.
A.israiningB.rainsC.wasrainingD.willrain
()7.Ithinkthisquestion______toanswer.
A.easyB.iseasyC.waseasyD.willeasy
()8.Don’ttalksoloudly.Yourfather______.
A.sleepsB.issleepingC.sleptD.hadslept
()9.Howmanypeopledoesthedoctorknowwho______ofthedisease(疾病)?
A.aredyingB.isdyingC.hasdiedD.dies
()10.I______myhomeworknow.
A.finishB.finishedC.havefinishedD.hadfinished
()11.He______forthreeyears.
A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninthearmy
C.joinedD.hasservedthearmy
()12.Hisgrandfather______forthirtyyears.
A.diedB.wasdeadC.hasbeendeadD.hasdied
()13.I______frommybrotherforalongtime.
A.nothaveheardB.havenotheard
C.haveheardnotD.donothear
()14.Maths,oneofthemostimportantsubjects,______alwaysinterestedhim.
A.hasB.haveC.areD.is
()15.—DidyourbrothergotoAmericalastyear?
—______.
A.No,hedidnevergothereB.No,hehasnevergonehere
C.No,heneverwasthereD.No,he’sneverbeenthere
()16.He______thatfactorysince1958.
A.hasleftB.hasworkedinC.hasgonefromD.hascometo
()17.Ourteacher______toBeijingthreetimes.
A.wentB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.hasbeen
()18.LastweekJohn______hisleg.
A.feltandbrokenB.fellandbroke
C.feelsandbreaksD.fallenandbroken
()19.Jack______histhickcoatbecauseitwassnowing.
A.putsonB.putonC.takesonD.tookon
()20.He______thepictureonthewall.
A.hangedB.hungC.hashangedD.washanged
()21.Nextmonth______twentyfive.
A.hasmysisterB.mysisterwillbe
C.mysistershallhaveD.mysisterisgoingtobe
()22.You______heragaininafewweeks.
A.willseeB.haveseen
C.hadseenD.havebeenseen
()23.Bytheendoflasttermwe______Englishfortwoyears.
A.havestudiedB.havebeenstudied
C.wouldstudiedD.hadstudied
()24.MrsBrown______inNewYorkforthreeyearsbeforeshewenttoLondon.
A.livedB.hadlivedC.haslived